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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chromoblastomykose ; Mykid ; Urlaubsdermatose ; Itraconazol ; Key words Chromoblastomycosis ; Mykid ; Tourist dermatosis ; Itraconazole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Despite the availability of modern antimycotics, which produce high cure rates in early infections, the therapy of advanced chromoblastomycosis is still unsatisfactory. An initial chromoblastomycosis caused by a hitherto unidentified species of the genus Phialophora was diagnosed in a 46-year-old teacher. The organism was isolated twice at an interval of 6 weeks from a partly psoriasiform, partly verrucous lesion on the 4th toe. The infection was apparently acquired 4 years ago during a holiday at Cape Verde. Treatment with itraconazole (Sempera), 200 mg/day, and amphotericin B (Ampho-Moronal) cream for 6 weeks initially resulted in rapid regression. However, 4 weeks after cessation of therapy, the Phialophora species was cultured again from skin scrapings. Complete healing was achieved after re-treatment with itraconazole for 20 weeks at the same dosage in combination with topical amorolfine and local hyperthermia. Until now, no relapse has occured. The present case demonstrates that this rare disease, which mainly occurs as a traumatic mycosis in the rural population of tropical regions, must be included in the differential diagnosis of psoriasiform or verrucous skin lesions and also included in the list of diseases which may be acquired while on vacation in exotic locations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Therapie der fortgeschrittenen Chromoblastomykose ist trotz moderner Antimykotika immer noch unbefriedigend, während die Behandlung im Frühstadium hohe Heilungsraten erwarten läßt. Bei einem 46 Jahre alten Lehrer konnte eine initiale Chromoblastomykose durch eine noch unbekannte Spezies der Gattung Phialophora diagnostiziert werden. Der Erreger wurde 2mal im Abstand von 6 Wochen aus einem teils psoriasiformen, teils verrukösen Herd an der 4. Zehe isoliert, die Infektion ist vermutlich im Rahmen eines Badeurlaubs 4 Jahre zuvor auf Cap Verde acquiriert worden. Unter 6wöchiger Therapie mit Itraconazol (Sempera) 200 mg/Tag und einer Amphotericin-B-haltigen Zubereitung (Ampho-Moronal-Creme) kam es bei guter Verträglichkeit zunächst zu einer raschen Rückbildung des Hautbefunds. Vier Wochen nach Therapieende ließ sich der Erreger jedoch erneut aus Schuppenmaterial anzüchten. Eine nochmalige, nun 20wöchige Itraconazoltherapie in obiger Dosierung führte in Kombination mit topischem Amorolfin und lokaler Hyperthermie zu einer nun vollständigen, rezidivfreien Abheilung. Der vorliegende Fall zeigt, daß diese seltene Erkrankung – als Verletzungsmykose vornehmlich bei der Landbevölkerung tropischer Regionen auftretend – auch als sog. Urlaubsdermatose im Zug des Ferntourismus in die Differentialdiagnostik psoriasiformer oder verruköser Hautveränderungen einbezogen werden muß.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 256 (1999), S. 330-334 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Key words Mycotic polypoid pansinusitis ; Bipolaris ; (Drechslera) hawaiiensis ; Infection ; Endoscopic ; microsurgical pansinus surgery ; Antimycotic therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Depending on the aggressiveness of the pathogen and a patient’s immunocompetence, fungal polypoid pansinusitis or allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) may be a life-threatening disease. Apart from the clinical findings, its diagnosis is based on the demonstration of mucinous material with abundant eosinophils in the paranasal sinuses (indicating an allergic process), cultivation of the causative pathogen and immunocompetence of the patient. In a 20-year-old immigrant Sudanese woman, AFS due to Bipolaris (Drechslera) hawaiiensis was diagnosed. Because of intracranial extension, the disease had led to erosion of the cranial base and orbit with amaurosis on the right side and focal epilepsy. In addition to endonasal microsurgical pansinus operations, local irrigation therapy with amphothericin B was accompanied by systemic treatment with itraconazole after in vitro cultivation of the pathogen and determination of its sensitivities. Interdisciplinary management included a combination of endonasal surgery with debridement of infected tissues and wide drainage of the sinuses without removal of skull bone or the dural lesion in addition to specific antimycotic treatment. Injury to adjacent anatomical structures must be avoided in any case to prevent systemic or possibly lethal dissemination of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 35-42 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: black yeasts ; Exophiala ; Wangiella ; Phaeococcomyces ; PCR-ribotyping ; RFLP ; PCR ; ribosomal repeat ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Portion of the ribosomal repeat of the type strains of the generaExphiala andPhaeococcomyces were subjected to RFLP analysis. The amplicon length of the small subunit rRNA, the fragment NS1-NS24, was found to vary between 1800 to 3200 nucleotides. In contrast, the length of the fragment ITS1-ITS4 comprising the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) was found to be constant at 600 nucleotides. Analysis of restriction profiles confirmed the synonymy ofExophiala dermatitidis andMycotorula schawii. Torula bergeri andSporotrichum gougerotii were found to be identical toPhaeoannellomyces elegans, but different from their alleged synomymE. castellanii. A phenogram is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: taxonomy ; physiology ; black yeasts ; Herpotrichiellaceae ; Capronia ; Exophiala ; Nadsoniella ; Phaeoannellomyces ; Phaeococcomyces ; Sarcinomyces ; Wangiella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nutritional physiological and tolerance tests were performed for all type strains of species currently classified in the black yeast generaExophiala andPhaeococcomyces, including some additional type strains of taxa recently reidentified asExophiala species. Most describedExophiala species can be distinguished by physiological characters.Exophiala jeanselmei with its varieties, andE. castellanii should all be retained as separate taxa. The pairs of strainsMycotorula schawii/Exophiala dermatitidis, Hormodendrum negronii/Exophiala jeanselmei var.lecaniicorni andSporotrichum gougerotii/Torula bergeri were found to be conspecific. Phenetic analyses of physiological data support the identity ofPhaeococcomyces exophialae as a yeast-like synanamorph ofExophiala spinifera. The taxonomic positions of the generaNadsoniella, Phaeoannellomyces andWangiella are discussed. The generaExophiala andPhaeococcomyces are unrelated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 51-55 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Cladosporium ; conidial surface ; conidial ultrastructure ; freeze-fracturing ; pathogenic species ; rodlets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Freeze-fracturing of outer wall layers ofCladosporium conidia revealed two types of ultrastructure, coinciding with taxonomic characteristics. The outer conidial layers were essentially smooth in the human pathogenic species,C. bantianum, C. carrionii, andC. trichoides. In contrast, mosaic arrays of rodlets on conidia were observed with freeze-fracturing in the saprobic species,C. cladosporioides, C. coralloides, C. herbarum, C. sphaerospermum, andC. variabile. Conidia ofC. elatum were an exception among the saprobic species as they had smooth surfaces. The present study supports the suggestion that the human pathogenicCladosporium species should be transferred to another genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 57-63 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Aureobasidium ; Hormonema ; black yeasts ; PCR-ribotyping ; UP-PCR ; exopolysaccharides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Forty seven strains of the black yeasts,Aureobasidium pullulans andHormonema dematioides, and the type strain ofHormonema macrosporum were examined using PCR-ribotyping and universally primed PCR with subsequent hybridization. Four groups (populations) were distinguished withinA. pullulans with PCR-ribotyping, which largely coincided with UP-PCR/hybridization groups. The UP-PCR technique revealed a greater degree of heterogeneity between the groups studied. Five strains identified asHormonema dematioides on the basis of physiological and morphological data formed a group recognizable with PCR-ribotyping and UP-PCR/hybridization, which also includedH. macrosporum. Aureobasidium pullulans is characterized by the absence of RsaI restriction sites in rDNA amplified with primers 5.8S-R and LR7, whileHormonema species possessed several bands after RsaI digestion. For analysis of distance between populations, PCR-ribotyping with AluI and MspI is sufficient. Strains ofA. pullulans produce exopolysaccharides in liquid media with different nitrogen sources, while the strains ofHormonema synthesize minor amounts of polysaccharides in media with peptone. Populations ofA. pullulans differ slightly from each other in their optimal, medium-dependent production of polysaccharides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69 (1996), S. 323-329 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: black yeasts ; Dothideaceae ; Aureobasidium ; Kabatiella ; Hormonema ; Selenophoma ; dothiora ; Pringsheimia ; taxonomy ; PCR-ribotyping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Taxonomic markers for differentiation of the anamorph genera Aureobasidium, Hormonema and Kabatiella were developed using PCR-ribotyping with the primers 5.8S-R and LR7 for amplification and the restriction enzymes Alul, DdeI, Hhal, MspI and RsaI for digestion. Aureobasidium and Hormonema are optimally differentiated with MspI; DdeI is particularly useful to distinguish aureobasidium, Kabatiella and Selenophoma. Relationships of the anamorph genera Aureobasidium, Hormoneng and Kabatiella with the teleomorph genera Pringsheimia and Dothiora are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69 (1996), S. 203-209 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Abies ; Pinus ; Trimmatostroma ; conifer pathology ; epiphytes ; needle fungi ; stone fungi ; microcolonial fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Trimmatostroma abietis from the needles of conifers and from stone, mostly in Germany, is described. On the natural substrate it is characterized by stromatic conidiomata. Conidia are mostly two-celled, are arranged in long chains, and originate by intercalary dilatation of fertile hyphae. The wide morphological plasticity of the fungus and its physiological profile are described. Its occurrence as a saprophyte and possibly opportunistic pathogen on plants and as an invader of environments with low water activity, particularly stone surfaces, are discussed. Relationships with other taxa are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69 (1996), S. 211-215 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Growth ; pleomorphism ; morphology ; microcolonial fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Trimmatostroma abietis initially grew as hyphae when grown in various media containing yeast extract or bactopeptone. It grew as segmented elements (lumbricoid elements) characterized by bidirectional growth, when grown in Czapek-Dox broth or yeast nitrogen base supplemented with 1% glucose. A lumbricoid element usually was 10–70 μm in length, with transverse septation only and contained 3 to 15 cells. Growth and propagation, as revealed by time-lapse photomicrography occurred as follows. Elements usually grew by apical elongation without widening; after simple apical elongation adjacent parts of two central cells eventually started to grow, resulting in the separation of the element into two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69 (1996), S. 217-222 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Black yeasts ; conidiogenesis ; endoconidia ; meristematic development ; pleomorphism ; taxonomy ; ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Processes of anamorph cell replication in Trimmatostroma abietis are described. Growth and conidiation are delimited on the basis of morphological, ultrastructural and ecological criteria. Cellular expansion shifts from bidirectional intercalary in exponential phase cells to isodiametric in late stationary phase cells, in the latter case with endogenous asexual reproduction. Ultrastructural similarities to dothideaceous black yeasts are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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