Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 383-387 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Single crystals of caesium titanyl arsenate (CTA, CsTiOAsO4), with space group Pna21 and isomorphous with potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP, KTiOPO4), have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron X-rays. During the experiments, an electric field was applied along the polar axis [001]. Single-crystal plates, between 300 and 450 μm thick along [001], were polarized by a variable square wave of frequency 20 Hz alternately applied to each side of the plate. A field-induced splitting of the + /− peaks for reflections hkl with l ≠ 0 was observed. This splitting provides information about the coercive field, polarizability and the piezoelectric strain tensor. Two of the piezoelectric coefficients of CTA could be estimated as d31 ∼ 1 and d33 ∼ 27 pm V−1. Whereas the coercive fields were estimated at 2300 V mm−1, the field necessary to reverse the domains just once in CTA was found to be either 560 or 1550 V mm−1, depending on the polarity of the reversed domain in relation to the polarity of the nonswitched part of the crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 514-519 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Trirutiles are AB2O6 crystal structures with a tripled c-axis repeat compared to the rutile type, owing to ABBABBA metal ordering. Partially disordered trirutiles, space group P42/mnm, are here described by addition of a sinusoidal scattering density wave along c to the basic rutile structure. As a result of this approach, an infinite number of crystal structures can be envisaged, which pairwise exhibit identical X-ray diffraction patterns, i.e. this is a case where the expected one-to-one relationship between crystal structure and diffraction intensity distribution is replaced by a two-to-one relationship
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 221-230 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The structure of Sb0.9V1.1O4, antimony vanadium oxide, has been studied by powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). The X-ray powder diffraction pattern showed only basic rutile reflections [ar = 4.6085 (1), cr = 3.0867 (1) Å] and the basic rutile structure was refined using the Rietveld method. A rutile superstructure was revealed when the sample was studied by electron diffraction. The electron diffraction patterns were indexed on the unit cell a = 21/2ar, b = 21/2br, c = 2cr. Its space group, I41md, was determined by means of convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED). A structural model based on alternating cation ordering along c in the chains of edge-sharing octahedra is proposed and its electron diffraction patterns and HREM image are calculated and matched with the experimental ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter (S)-Ketamin ; Ketamin-Razemat ; Neuropsychologische Teste ; Aufwachphase ; Antagonisten ; Physostigmin ; Key words (S)-ketamine ; Racemic ketamine ; Neuropsychological testing ; Recovery ; Antagonists: physostigmine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The anaesthetic potency of the (S)-ketamine isomer is approximately double that of racemic ketamine. The aim of this study was to compare the recovery of cerebral function after a bolus of 1,3 mg/kg racemic ketamine or 0.65 mg/kg (S)-ketamine followed by continuous application of 4 or 2 mg/kg×h over 15 minutes. Methods: With their informed consent and approval of the local ethics committee 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind, cross-over study. All drugs were dissolved in identical volumes. On three dates with an interval of one week at least ketamine/NaCl, (S)-ketamine/physostigmine or (S)-ketamine/NaCl was administered (table 1). The sequence was randomized. In addition, the unspecific antagonistic potential of the centrally acting, cholinergic agonist physostigmine (0.012 mg/kg) after (S)-ketamine was tested against saline-placebo. Neuropsychological tests (tests 3–5 of the syndrome-short-test [Erzigkeit, see references]) were used to quantify cerebral function before and at 45, 75, 105, 135, 165 and 195 min after anaesthesia. All data are mean values and standard deviation. Comparisons over time and between drugs were carried out using two-dimensional analysis of variance (ANOVA). Wilcoxon-tests were used post-hoc. p〈0.05 was considered signifi- cant. Results: After (S)-ketamine the subjects were able to carry out the tasks more rapidly than after racemic ketamine (p〈0.05). Mean time to reach preoperative test performance +10% was 117.5 min for (S)-ketamine/physostigmine, 121.3 min for (S)-ketamine/NaCl and 141.6 min for racemic ketamine (p〈0.05 between (S)-ketamine and racemic ketamine). No differences were found between physostigmine and placebo. The incidence of side effects (mainly nausea, vomiting) was not different. Discussion: (S)-ketamine offers a shorter recovery time after short anaesthesia compared to racemic ketamine. The investigated dose of physostigmine was probably too low to produce antagonism of (S)-ketamine. An increased dosage of physostigmine has yet to be studied, but is likely to cause a higher rate of side effects such as nausea, vomiting, bradycardia and possibly even tonic-clonic seizures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer doppelblinden, randomisierten, cross-over Studie wurde bei 12 gesunden Probanden eine Narkose entweder mit (S)-Ketamin oder Ketamin-Razemat in äquipotenten Dosen durchgeführt. Nach einem Bolus von 0,65 mg/kg (S)-Ketamin oder 1,3 mg/kg Ketamin-Razemat wurde für 15 min 2 mg/kg×h (S)-Ketamin oder 4 mg/kg×h Ketamin kontinuierlich verabreicht. Das zentral wirksame indirekte Parasympathomimetikum Physostigmin wurde in früheren Arbeiten als unspezifischer Antagonist nach Ketamin-Razemat empfohlen. Daher wurde nach (S)-Ketamin der antagonistische Effekt von 0,012 mg/kg Physostigmin gegen Plazebo (NaCl) untersucht. Um die Aufwachzeit quantitativ zu erfassen, wurden vor und 45, 75, 105, 135, 165 und 195 min nach der Narkose die Subteste 3–5 aus dem Syndrom-Kurztest (SKT) und visuelle Analogskalen zur Befindlichkeit durchgeführt. Daneben wurde das Bewußtsein von den Untersuchern eingeschätzt. Die Aufwachzeit nach (S)-Ketamin war kürzer als nach Ketamin-Razemat (Summe der SKT-Subteste 3–5 und Bewußtseinsfremdbeurteilung, p〈0,05). Hinsichtlich Trauminzidenz oder -inhalten, unerwünschten Ereignissen, Einfluß auf die Hämodynamik oder subjektiver Akzeptanz der Narkose fanden sich keine Unterschiede zwischen (S)-Ketamin und Ketamin-Razemat. Mit der untersuchten, niedrigen Dosis Physostigmin kann (S)-Ketamin nicht antagonisiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 23 (1996), S. 328-336 
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The dehydration process of the natural zeolite laumontite Ca4Si16Al8O48 · 18 H2O has been studied in situ by means of powder diffraction and X-ray synchrotron radiation. Powder diffraction profiles suitable for Rietveld refinements were accumulated in time intervals of 5 minutes using a position sensitive detector (CPS-120 by INEL), while the temperature increased in steps of about 5 K. The synchronization of accumulation time and temperature plateau allowed collection of 62 temperature-resolved powder patterns in the range 310–584 K, whose analysis produced a dynamic picture of the laumontite structure response to dehydration. The first zeolitic water molecules diffusing out of the channels are those not bonded to the Ca cations and located in the W(1) site, whose occupancy drops smoothly to 10% during heating to 349 K, while the sample in the capillary is still submerged in water. The remaining W(1) and 60% of W(5) water molecules are expelled rather sharply at about 370 K. At this temperature all remaining water submerging the powder crystallites is lost, the structure contains about 13 water molecules/cell, and the crystal structure is that of leonhardite. On continued heating 80% of the water molecules from the W(2) site are lost between 420 and 480 K, while a small amount of the diffusing water is reinserted in the W(5) site. The occupancy factor of the W(8) site decreases starting at 480 K, and reaches a maximum loss of 20% at 584 K. The combined occupancy of the Ca-coordinated W (2) and W (8) water sites never falls much below two, so that the Ca cations in the channels, which are bonded to four framework oxygen atoms, are nearly six-coordinated in the explored temperature range. The water loss is accompanied by large changes in the unit cell dimensions. Except at 367 K, where the excess surrounding water is leaving, all changes in cell dimensions are gradual. The loss of the hydrogen bonded W(1) and W(5) water molecules is related to most of the unit cell volume reduction below 370 K, as shown by the contraction of the a-, b- and c-axes and the increase in the monoclinic angle. Loss of the Ca-coordinated W(2) and W(8) water molecules has a small effect on the unit cell volume as the continued contraction of the a- and c-axes is counter-balanced by a large expansion in the b-axis and a decrease in the monoclinic β angle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...