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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of interferon-α on DOI-induced wet-dog shakes in rats (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 103 (1996), S. 947-955 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Serotonin ; interferon ; wet-dog shake ; opioid receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acute (1h) intraperitoneal (ip) treatment with interferon (IFN)-α-2a (300IU/g) significantly inhibited wet-dog shakes (WDS) induced by (±)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2 aminopropane (DOI; 0.5, 1.0mg/kg), which is mediated by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)2 receptor in rats. IFN-α did not affect spontaneous locomotion. The inhibition of DOI (0.5mg/kg)-induced WDS by IFN-α was dose (90–300 IU/g)- and time (1–6 h)-dependent, and was prevented by 30 min pretreatment with naltrexone (NLTX; 1.0mg/kg, ip), an opioid receptor antagonist. Acute (1h) intracerebroventricular (icv) treatment with IFN-α (1,500IU/rat) also inhibited DOI (0.5mg/kg)-induced WDS, and the effect was blocked by NLTX (50μg/rat, icv). These results suggest that IFN-α may modulate 5-HT2 receptor-mediated behavior through opioid receptors in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291785
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High Cervical Disc Lesions in Elderly Patients – Presentation and Surgical Approach (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Aged patients; craniovertebral junction; disc hernia; surgical approach.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The incidence of high cervical disc lesions is extremely rare, and the mechanism of their development is unclear. We report these three cases, and discuss the possible mechanisms. We also describe surgical strategies for these lesions.  The first and second cases were an 82-year-old male and an 84-year-old male with retro-odontoid disc hernia. The third was an 83-year-old female with a herniated disc at C2/C3. To investigate Aetiological mechanisms of these lesions, we examined the findings on cervical images in extension and flexion, and compared the results in a younger than 80-year-old group and an older than 80-year-old group.  The patients underwent surgery via a posterolateral intradural approach. Wide laminectomy and incision of the dentate ligaments enabled access to the ventral space of the upper cervical spinal canal and sufficient decompression. All patients became ambulatory postoperatively without special fixation of the cervical spine. In the younger group, the level mostly loaded during cervical movement was C5/6, however, the levels in the older group were C2/3 and C3/4.  In elderly patients, less mobilization of the middle and/or lower cervical spine due to spondylotic change causes overloading at higher levels resulting in high cervical disc lesions. Retro-odontoid disc lesions can be caused by a herniated disc at C2/C3, which migrates upward. Regarding surgical strategy, the posterolateral intradural approach is less invasive and more advantageous for these lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050275
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obligatory Roles of Protein Kinase C and Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Cerebral Vascular Tone: An Implication of a Pathogenesis of Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1063-1068 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Down regulation; nitric oxide; protein kinase C; subarachnoid haemorrhage; vasospasm.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  We previously showed that a canine basilar artery manifested tonic and potent, protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent contractions when nitric oxide (NO) was inhibited. We also reported a linear correlation between chronological changes in the angiographic severity of vasospasm, enhanced PKC, and attenuated guanosine, 13′,15′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) activity in a canine subarachnoid haemorrhage model. The activity of cGMP is an indicator of NO-function. Based on this evidence, we have hypothesized that PKC and NO regulate cerebral vascular tone. We particularly focused on the role of NO in a negative feedback mechanism on PKC activity in the maintenance of vascular tone. To further confirm our hypothesis, we investigated the effect of PKC down-regulation on the tonic vascular contraction induced by NO-inhibition.  Canine basilar artery was used in the experiment. Significant down-regulation of PKC activity in vascular smooth muscle cells was obtained by incubation with 10−5 mole/L of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 hours. The tonic and potent contraction induced by NO-inhibition was completely suppressed in the PKC down-regulated artery, even though the artery manifested a significant contraction in high-K+ solutions. These results indicate an obligatory role of PKC activity in tonic contraction when NO is inhibited, and support our previous data. Nitric oxide induces vascular relaxation by inhibiting PKC activity. Subarachnoid haemorrhage impairs this inhibition, resulting in PKC-dependent vascular contraction, such as vasospasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050215
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural Activity of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease Patients (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1287-1291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Parkinson's disease; subthalamic nucleus; stereotactic surgery.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The neural activity pattern of the subthalmic nucleus (STN) was investigated in five patients with Parkinson's disease who were scheduled for electrode implantation for chronic stimulation of the STN.  The initial target was placed 8 mm or 10 mm lateral to the midline, 3 mm to 4 mm posterior to the midcommissural point, and 5 mm to 6 mm below the intercommissural (AC-PC) line. The STN was identified by semi-microelectrode recordings with a trajectory moving laterally in 2-mm steps. The amplitudes of multi-unit activities were relatively low at depths from 8 mm to 5 mm above and from 1 mm to 4 mm below the target, while those 4 mm to 0 mm above the target were significantly higher than at the other sites (ANOVA, Fisher's test, p〈0.05), with the highest amplitude at 2 mm above the target (91.0±23.3μv, n=15). In the mediolateral direction, amplitudes were relatively higher in the lateral portion, and amplitudes at 14 mm lateral to the midline were significantly higher than at the other sites (ANOVA, Fisher's test, p〈0.05). The target for chronic electrical stimulation was determined to be at the midpoint of the hyperactive STN, i.e., 12 mm lateral to the midline in three patients and 13 mm lateral in two patients. Movement-related neural activity was observed at 5 sites, i.e., 3 sites responded to passive movement of the contralateral wrist and 2 sites to passive knee and/or ankle movement.  In conclusion, our data show that the lateral part of the STN is hyperactive in PD, and recordings of neural activities contributed greatly to identifying the STN and determining the target for chronic stimulation within it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050251
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of dantrolene on KCl- or NMDA-induced intracellular Ca2+ changes and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation in cultured rat frontal cortical neurons (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 104 (1997), S. 811-824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release ; N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ; primary cultures of rat frontal cortical neurons ; intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ; intracellular Ca2+ stores ; spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dantrolene has been known to affect intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by inhibiting Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in cultured neurons. We were interested in examining this property of dantrolene in influencing the [Ca2+]i affected by the NMDA receptor ligands, KCl, L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine, and two other intracellular Ca2+-mobilizing agents caffeine and bradykinin. Effect of dantrolene on the spontaneous oscillation of [Ca2+]i was also examined. Dantrolene in μM concentrations dose-dependently inhibited the increase in [Ca2+]i elicited by NMDA and KCl. AP-5, MK-801 (NMDA antagonists), and nifedipine respectively reduced the NMDA and KCl-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. Dantrolene, added to the buffer solution together with the antagonists or nifedipine, caused a further reduction in [Ca2+]i to a degree similar to that seen with dantrolene alone inhibiting the increase in [Ca2+]i caused by NMDA or KCl. At 30 μM, dantrolene partially inhibited caffeine-induced increase in [Ca2+]i whereas it has no effect on the bradykinin-induced change in [Ca2+]i. The spontaneous oscillation of [Ca2+]i in frontal cortical neurons was reduced both in amplitude and in base line concentration in the presence of 10 μM dantrolene. Our results indicate that dantrolene's mobilizing effects on intracellular Ca2+ stores operate independently from the influxed Ca2+ and that a component of the apparent increase in [Ca2+]i elicited by NMDA or KCl represents a dantrolene-sensitive Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Results also suggest that dantrolene does not affect the IP3-gated release of intracellular Ca2+ and that the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillation is, at least partially, under the control of Ca2+ mobilization from internal stores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01285550
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in unipolar major depression (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 105 (1998), S. 537-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ; depression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. We investigated plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and cortisol levels in 12 patients with unipolar depression and 11 matched normal controls. The depressed patients showed significantly higher values of plasma DHEAS and cortisol than the controls. After 4 weeks of treatment with antidepressants (mainly clomiplamine), the high plasma DHEAS levels recovered. This finding showed the possible relationship between plasma DHEAS levels and depression, as well as cortisol levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020050077
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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