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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Nekrobiotisches Xanthogranulom – Paraproteinämie – C1-Inaktivator – Quincke-Ödem ; Key words: Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma – Paraproteinaemia – C1 inhibitor – Quincke oedema
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary. Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a non-X histiocytosis with unknown pathogenesis. It is associated with paraproteinaemia, and in rare cases with multiple myeloma. A decreased level of C1 inhibitor has been found in several cases without clinical manifestations of Quincke oedema. We report on a patient with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma and myeloma, in whom we found a decreased level of C1 inhibitor and recurrent episodes of manifest Quincke oedema. The indirect detection of auto-antibodies against the paraprotein with development of immune complexes is regarded as an explanation for the consumption of the C1 inactivator and the manifestation of Quincke oedema. The possibility of a causal relationship between paraproteinaemia and necrotic xanthogranuloma is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Das nekrobiotische Xanthogranulom gehört zu den Non-X-histiozytären granulomatösen Entzündungsreaktionen der Haut. Die Genese ist unklar. Eine Paraproteinämie ist obligat assoziiert, selten aber Ausdruck eines Plasmozytoms. Auch wurde ein verminderter C1-Inaktivator im Serum beobachtet; eine klinische Auswirkung bestand bei keinem der beschriebenen Fälle. Wir berichten von einem Patienten mit nekrobiotischem Xanthogranulom bei zugrundeliegendem Plasmozytom, bei dem ein C1-Inaktivator-Mangel im Serum, begleitet von einem manifesten Quincke-Ödem, vorlag. Der indirekte Nachweis von Autoantikörpern gegen das Paraprotein mit Immunkomplexbildung wird als Erklärung für die Manifestation des Quincke-Ödems nach Verbrauch von C1-Inaktivator angesehen. Daraus abgeleitet werden pathogenetische Zusammenhänge zwischen dem nekrobiotischen Xanthogranulom und der Paraproteinämie diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Stress ; natural killer cells ; catecholamines ; cortisol ; parachute jumping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Emotional stress is often followed by increased susceptibility to infections. One major role in the immediate immune response to infection is played by natural killer (NK) cells. This study was designed to establish whether acute psychological stress influences cellular immune functions and to elucidate the role of endocrine parameters as potent mediators of stress induced alterations of the immune system. Forty-five first-time tandem parachutists were examined continuously for their plasma concentrations of cortisol and catecholamines from 120 min before to 60 min after jumping. Lymphocyte subsets, NK activity, and ADCC were determined 2 hr before, immediately after, and 1 hr after jumping. There was a significant increase in sympathetic-adrenal hormones during (adrenaline, noradrenaline) and shortly after jumping (cortisol). Lymphocyte subsets and the functional capacity of NK cells revealed an increase immediately after jumping followed by a decrease significantly below starting values 1 hr later. These changes were significantly correlated to plasma concentrations of noradrenaline. Thus, quick mobilization of NK cells is suggested as one major mechanism for this effective adaptation of the immune system to stress situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Adrenaline ; noradrenaline ; lymphocytes ; natural killer (NK) activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Catecholamines have been suggested to be responsible for altered cellular immunity after stress. This study was performed to determine the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline on lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cell functions. Subjects were given a subcutaneous injection of either NaCl, adrenaline (5 µg/kg), or noradrenaline (10 µg/kg). Catecholamine concentrations, subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes, NK activity, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were analyzed before (baseline) and 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after injection. There were no differences between groups in the distribution of CD2+ and CD8+ lymphocytes over time. However, CD3+ and CD4+ T cells decreased significantly 5 to 60 min after injection of adrenaline. In contrast, NK cell numbers (CD16+, CD56+) increased significantly 5 min after injection of adrenaline and noradrenaline, reached the highest values 15 to 30 min postinjection, and subsequently declined to baseline values 60 (noradrenaline) and 120 (adrenaline) min, respectively, after injection. Similar alterations for NK activity and ADCC were observed after administration of both catecholamines. These data suggest that both sympatheticadrenal hormones are similarly potent modulators of natural immunity and provide further evidence that catecholamines might be responsible for the observed alterations in immune functions after phases of acute stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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