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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific immunoglobulin E as a serologic marker for HCMV infection in immunocompromised patients (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 497-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Primary human cytomegalovirus infection ; IgE antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Renal transplant recipients ; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An antibody capture assay using an enzyme-linked human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antigen for the detection of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) was established. IgG, M, and E responses to HCMV were studied in 497 sera obtained from 44 renal transplant recipients and 51 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. The results were compared with those obtained from 58 HCMV-seropositive healthy individuals. HCMV-specific IgE was detected in 11 (91.7%) renal transplant recipients with primary HCMV infection. In contrast, antibodies of the IgG and IgM classes were detected in only 6 (50.0%) of these patients. Specific IgE was detected in 10 (90.9%) out of 11 renal allograft recipients suffering from secondary HCMV infection. Significant IgG titer rises and IgM were detected in 2 (18.2%) and 6 (54.6%) of these patients, respectively. IgG titer rises and IgM and IgE antibodies were seen in 5 (12.2%), 1 (2.4%) and 18 (43.9%) AIDS patients respectively. All healthy immunocompetent HCMV-seropositive individuals were tested IgE negative. The results obtained in our study indicate that IgE against HCMV is a more reliable serologic marker for primary and secondary HCMV infection than IgM in immunocompromised individuals, especially in organ transplant recipients, since it is not affected by the prophylactic application of HCMV hyperimmune globulin preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210231
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of shell viral culture and serology for the diagnosis of human cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and immunocompromised subjects (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 503-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human cytomegalovirus ; Neonates ; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and AIDS related complex patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present retrospective study compares the laboratory diagnosis of cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID) by the use of “shell vial culture” [i.e., immunoperoxidase staining of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) early antigen in human fibroblasts 24 h postinoculation] to the results of serology (i.e. immunoglobulins IgG, IgM, and IgA HCMV antibody testing) in 21 infants with congenital or postnatally acquired HCMV infection, 5 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders, 35 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients who met the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for stages IVA and IVB of HIV infection, and 115 patients suffering from the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS (stages IVC-IVE according to CDC criteria). HCMV infection was diagnosed by means of the shell vial culture inoculated with patient samples (e.g., urine, bronchoalveolar lavage, induced sputum, etc.) and serology in 163 (92.6%) and 65 (36.9%) patients, respectively. Viral shedding was detected by shell vial culture in 100% of the neonates, 80% of the patients suffering from lymphoproliferative disorders, 100% of the AIDS related complex (ARC) and 89.6% of the AIDS patients. In contrast, serologic testing for HCMV-specific antibodies was positive in only 28.6%, 42.9%, and 34.8% of the neonates, ARC, and AIDS patients, respectively. In lymphoma patients, serologic testing gave identical results (80%) to the shell vial culture technique. With the use of the shell vial procedure, active HCMV infection in immunocompromised subjects and neonates can be recognized more reliably than by serologic testing. Nevertheless, in a low percentage of patients (7.4%), virus isolation by the shell vial culture may fail to detect HCMV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210232
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Humoral immune response to human cytomegalovirus infection: diagnostic potential of immunoglobulin class and IgG subclass antibody response to human cytomegalovirus early and late antigens (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 270-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human cytomegalovirus ; Early antigens ; Late antigens ; Recombinant antigens ; Immunglobulins G1-G3, A and M ; Western blot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary For the development of effective prophylaxis (hyperimmune globulins) and improvement of serological testing for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in immunocompromised patients it is essential to characterize the viral encoded proteins and the humoral immune response in terms of neutralizing antibodies and immunglobulin class and IgG subclass reactivity to “early” and “late” HCMV proteins. The major neutralizing epitopes have been identified and screening of donor sera for neutralizing antibody by either conventional neutralization assays or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant antigens may help to improve the efficacy of hyperimmune globulin prophylaxis. The humoral response to individual HCMV proteins has been thoroughly investigated in immunocompromised patients. Antibodies against HCMV induced “early” antigens are not exclusively associated with active infection but may indicate an elevated risk for cytomegalic inclusion disease in immunocompromised patients. With a sensitive western blot technique. IgM and IgA antibodies against HCMV “late” proteins can be detected in sera from healthy seropositive individuals. Serum samples from subjects suffering from cytomegalic inclusion disease show significantly larger broader immune responses compared with healthy HCMV antibody carriers. Promising results using recombinant antigens corresponding to immunodominant epitopes for the detection of HCMV specific antibodies have been published.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184725
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymaktivitäten im Fettgewebe bei Hyperlipidämie (1970)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 503-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The activities of 8 key-enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycerol-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase) have been estimated in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of 27 patients with hyperlipemia of different origin. We found that the activities of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase and hexokinase were diminished significantly, what means a lowered utilisation of glucose. From these results in connection with a diminished activity of glycerol-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase it can be concluded that lipogenesis in human adipose tissue is diminished at the same time.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im subcutanen Fettgewebe von 27 Patienten mit Hyperlipidämien verschiedener Genese wurden die Aktivitäten von 8 Schlüsselenzymen bestimmt (Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase, 6-Phosphogluconat-Dehydrogenase, Hexokinase, Phosphofructokinase, Pyruvatkinase, Glycerin-3-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase, Malatdehydrogenase, Glucophosphomutase). Dabei fand sich eine hochsignifikante Herabsetzung der Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase- und der Hexokinase-Aktivität, woraus auf eine verminderte Glucoseverwertung geschlossen werden kann. In Verbindung damit spricht die deutlich erniedrigte Aktivität der Glycerin-3-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase für eine gleichzeitig herabgesetzte Lipogenese im menschlichen Fettgewebe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485108
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymaktivitäten im Fettgewebe (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 358-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im subcutanen Fettgewebe von Mensch und Schwein sowie im epididymalen Fettgewebe der Ratte wurden Enzymmuster bestimmt: Glucose-6-Phosphatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), 6-Phosphogluconatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44), Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1), Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11), Pyruvatkinase (EC 2.7.1.40), Glucophosphomutase (EC 2.7.5.1), Glycerin-3-Phosphatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8), Malatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37), Glutamatpyruvattransaminase (EC 2.6.1.2), Glutamatoxalacetattransaminase (EC 2.6.1.1), Glutamatdehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3), Citrate Cleavage Enzyme (EC 4.1.3.8), Malic Enzyme (EC 1.1.1.38), Glycerokinase (EC 2.7.1.30), Glucose-6-Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) und Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11). Trotz der unterschiedlichen Lokalisation der Gewebe und des verschiedenen Gehaltes an löslichem Extraktprotein (Ratte:Mensch:Schwein=21,7±1,6:21,0±1,9:5,4±0,5mg/g Frischgewicht) finden sich annähernd übereinstimmende Enzymaktivitätsmuster. Bei allen drei Species ist die Phosphofructokinase das limitierende Glykolyse-Enzym und erfolgt der Glucoseabbau offensichtlich überwiegend über den Pentose-Phosphat-Shunt; eine weitere Gemeinsamkeit ist das Fehlen von Glycerokinase-Aktivität. Bezogen auf Extraktprotein liegen jedoch fast alle Enzymaktivitäten im menschlichen Fettgewebe um annähernd eine Zehnerpotenz niedriger als bei Ratte und Schwein. Im Gegensatz zu diesen beiden Species ist im Humanfettgewebe kein Citrate-Cleavage-Enzyme nachweisbar.
    Notes: Summary Enzyme patterns (Glucose-6-Phosphatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), 6-Phosphogluconatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44), Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1), Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11), Pyruvatkinase (EC 2.7.1.40), Glucophosphomutase (EC 2.7.5.1), Glycerin-3-Phosphatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8), Malatdehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37), Glutamatpyruvattransaminase (EC 2.6.1.2), Glutamatoxalacetattransaminase (EC 2.6.1.1), Glutamatdehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3), Citrate Cleavage Enzyme (EC 4.1.3.8), Malic Enzyme (EC 1.1.1.38), Glycerokinase (EC 2.7.1.30), Glucose-6-Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) and Fructose-1,6-Diphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11)) have been measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue of man and pig and in the epididymal fat pads of rats. The conduct of soluble extract-protein was equal in rat (21.7±1.6 mg/g) and man (21.0±1.9 mg/g) but different in pig (5.4±0.5 mg/g). In all three species the pattern was nearly the same; phosphofructokinase was the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis; most of the glucose degradation in white adipose tissue seems to be done via the pentose-phosphate-shunt; there was no measurable activity of glycerokinase. In human adipose tissue—where nearly all enzyme activities were about ten times lower—there was no citrate cleavage enzyme either.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01496458
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aktivitätsbestimmung von Schlüsselenzymen im menschlichen Fettgewebe (1970)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 224-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 13 key enzymes have been investigated in subcutaneous adipose tissue from patients without metabolic or malignant diseases. The enzymes were selected in regard to possible changes in different metabolic diseases. The results are compared to the literature and the differences are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im subcutanen Fettgewebe von 21 laparotomierten Stoffwechselgesunden und Nichtcarcinomkranken wurden 13 Schlüsselenzyme untersucht. Die Auswahl der Enzyme wurde im Hinblick auf mögliche Aktivitätsänderungen bei verschiedenen Krankheitsbildern getroffen. Die Ergebnisse werden mit den Angaben in der Literatur verglichen und die vorhandenen Unterschiede diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485063
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    enzymaktivitäten in Retikuloseknoten: Nachweis von Glycerokinase-Aktivität (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 108-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einer Patientin mit einer reticulocytogenen lipophagen Granulomatose in Unterhautfettgewebe und Lunge sowie zwei Patientinnen mit Mamma-Carcinom wurden im Tumorgewebe die Aktivitäten folgender Enzyme bestimmt: G-6-PDH, 6-PGDH, HK, PFK, PK, GDH, GK, MDH, GPM, GPT, GOT und GluDH. In Übereinstimmung mit der Literatur fanden wir in beiden Geweben ein tumorspezifisches Enzymmuster. In den Retikuloseknoten ließ sich darüberhinaus eine deutlich meßbare Aktivität der Glycerokinase nachweisen. Die „Michaelis-Konstante“ für Glycerin unterschied sich nicht von dem für Lebergewebe angegebenen Wert. Gut meßbare Aktivitäten dieses Enzyms sind bisher nur für Leber- und Nierengewebe angegeben worden.
    Notes: Summary The activities of the following enzymes were determined in a patient showing reticulo-cytogenous lipophagic granulomatosis in her subcutaneous adipose tissue and the lungs, as well as in two patients with carcinoma of the breast: G-6-PDH, 6-PGDH, HK, PFK, PK, GHD, GK, MDH, GPM, GPT, GOT and GluDH. We found a tumor-specific enzyme pattern in both tissues, a finding which is in accord with the results published in the literature. Furthermore, a well measurable glycerokinase activity in the reticulo-cytogenous lipophagic granulomas could be demonstrated as well. The Michaelis-Menten constant for glycerol was not different from the values found in hepatic tissue. So far, these enzymatic activities had been found to be easily assessable in liver and kidney tissue only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01497309
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Wirkung eines lipidmobilisierenden Peptids aus Schweinehypophysen bei verschiedenen Species (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 437-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Ratte, Maus, Meerschweinchen, Mensch, Kaninchen und Schwein konnte in vitro — und bei den beiden letztgenannten Species auch in vivo — eine lipolytische Wirkung eines von uns aus Schweinehypophysen dargestellten lipidmobilisierenden Polypeptids nachgewiesen werden. Beim Menschen zeigte sich nur ein Effekt auf die Glycerin-, nicht auf die Fettsäurefreisetzung; beim Schwein war in vitro keine Lipolysestimulation zu erzielen, in vivo dagegen eine starke Wirkung. Wie Untersuchungen der Cyclo-AMP-Phosphodiesterase-Aktivität im Fettgewebe des Menschen und der Ratte ergeben haben, ist als möglicher Wirkungsmechanismus eine Hemmung dieses Enzyms zu diskutieren. — Dieser Nachweis einer offenbar universellen Wirksamkeit stellt einen weiteren Hinweis auf das Vorhandensein eines speziellen lipidmobilisierenden Peptids in der Hypophyse dar.
    Notes: Summary The lipolytic effect of a polypeptide isolated from pig pituitaries was investigated in vitro and/or in vivo in 6 species. In vitro the peptide was active in the rat (MED 0,1 µg/ml), in the mouse and guinea-pig (MED 1,0 µg/ml each) and in the rabbit (MED 0,01 µg/ml). In human adipose tissue there was only an effect on glycerol liberation, in the pig no effect at all. But in vivo a strong action could be demonstrated in the minipig by injection of 100 µg/kg intravenously. Phosphodiesterase activity in adipose tissue of man and rat was inhibited by the peptide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485003
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replication of human cytomegalovirus in a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line depends on the state of differentiation of the cells (1994)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 138 (1994), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was investigated in a new human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (KFR) with morphological and biochemical characteristics of fetal striated muscle precursors (rhabdomyoblasts). KFR cells exhibited the unique property for spontaneous morphological transformation from a poorly-differentiated state into well-differentiated (myotube-like) rhabdomyoblasts. The poorly-differentiated rhabdomyoblasts promoted both complete viral gene expression and the production of infectious virus. In contrast, in well-differentiated rhabdomyoblasts HCMV infection was abortive. The results showed that replication of HCMV in this human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line depended on the state of cellular differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01379143
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased HIV-1 production in chronically infected H9 cells grown in protein-free medium (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 125 (1992), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Human T cell line H9 was established in a protein-free 1:1 mixture of Ham's F-12 and IMDM. After 230 passages (3 years) in protein-free medium, the cells designated H9-PF were infected with HIV-1. The infectivity titers of HIV-1 in cell culture medium were monitored by determining the median tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50). Additionaly, the production of viral antigen in cells was measured by an immunoenzymatical alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method using a monoclonal antibody against HIV-1-p24 antigen. In acutely infected H9-PF and H9 cultures similar TCID50 values and percentage of cells positive for p24 antigen were found. In contrast, both TCID50 values and percentage of cells positive for p24 antigen were by far greater in chronically infected H9-PF than in H9 cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309650
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