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  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1965-1969
  • preparation  (8)
  • Immunohistochemistry  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 596 (1991), S. 89-92 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Calcium oxychloride ; preparation ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: An Oxychloride of Calcium: Ca4OCl6Ca4OCl6 (hexagonal, P63mc, Z = 2), a = 905.8(3), c = 686.3(4) pm, (R = 0.031) crystallizes as colourless needles from reducing melts (CaCl2, Ca) that contain small amounts of „oxygen“. It contains „isolated“ tetrahedral units [Ca4O] and is isotypic with e.g., Ba4OCl6, Yb4OCl6 and K6HgS4. Ca4OCl6 does not form in the dehydration process of, for example, CaCl2 · 6 H2O.
    Notes: Ca4OCl6 (hexagonal, P63mc, Z = 2, a = 905.8(3)); c = 686.3(4) pm, (R = 0,031) kristallisiert in Form farbloser Nadeln aus „reduzierenden Schmelzen“ (CaCl2, Ca), die wenig „Sauerstoff“ enthalten. Es enthält „isolierte“ tetraedrische [Ca4O]-Einheiten und ist isotyp mit z. B. Ba4OCl6, Yb4OCl6 oder K6HgS4. Ca4OCl6 entsteht nicht beim Entwässern von z. B. CaCl2 · 6 H2O.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Epithelioid sarcoma ; Soft tissue sarcoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Marker co-expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare malignant tumour of young adults, usually presenting as a skin ulcer or subcutaneous nodule in the distal portion of the upper limb. Multiple recurrences and late metastases are typical, leading to fatality in a third to one-half of all cases. The slow evolution of the tumour is one reason for its delayed recognition. The other is its frequent histological misinterpretation, in particular, as a peculiar granulomatous reaction. In our case, the primary tumour presented a variant morphological pattern so closely mimicking a cavernous angiosarcoma as to mislead several reputable opinions. Later recurrences and metastases were typical of ES, while a focal angiomatoid pattern was maintained. The morphology and immunoreactivity to a wide spectrum of tumour markers is compared with that of six file cases of classical ES. Retrospectively, all neoplastic lesions in our patient were ES. In young adults, lesions of the upper extremity, even when angiomatoid or haemorrhagic, should raise a suspicion of ES. Once epithelioid sarcoma is suspected, the differential diagnosis can be elucidated on immunohistochemical grounds. Early diagnosis provides the best opportunity for radical surgery at a stage when the tumour has not spread locally or disseminated systemically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ; Wegener's granulomatosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nasal cavity ; Paranasal sinuses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Reports of sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, analysed with monoclonal antibodies, are scarce, and differentiation of these lymphomas from Wegener's granulomatosis can be difficult. In this study, we investigated histopathologically and immunohistologically 20 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, primary in the sinonasal region, and sinonasal biopsies from 11 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. All T-cell lymphomas (n=7) and plasmacytomas (n=4) were stage I at clinical presentation, while all B-cell lymphomas (n=9) presented at higher stages. T-cell lymphomas tended to be more frequent in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses; B-cell lymphomas more often presented in the nasopharynx. Remarkably, 1 B-cell lymphoma expressed MT1, and 1 T-cell lymphoma expressed L26 (CD 20). The follow-up of 2 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis was suggestive of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Retrospective immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the original histological diagnosis of non-specific inflammation had to be changed to T-cell lymphoma, pleomorphic small cell type. We conclude that a biopsy from the sinonasal region with a dense inflammatory infiltrate, consisting predominantly of Tlymphocytes, renders a diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis unlikely and is at least suspicious of T-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical analysis is warranted for this type of biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 284 (1992), S. 154-158 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: TNFα ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunoelectron microscopy ; Epidermis ; Sebaceous glands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence, distribution and cellular localization of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) were investigated in normal human and murine epidermis using immunohistological and immunoelectron microscopic methods with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The immunostaining revealed an intercellular plasma membrane and cytoplasmic labelling of the epidermal keratinocytes, but no labelling of Langerhans cells, melanocytes and Merkel cells. Large amounts of TNFα were regularly found in the sebaceous glands. These findings demonstrate that epidermal keratinocytes and especially sebocytes produce and release TNFα and that this keratinocytederived cytokine may be important for the structural and functional homeostasis of normal epidermis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 88 (1992), S. 204-212 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex of man ; Morphology of white matter neurons ; Subplate cells ; Golgi method ; Immunohistochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurons in the human cerebral cortical white matter below motor, visual, auditory and prefrontal orbital areas have been studied with the Golgi method, immunohistochemistry and diaphorase histochemistry. The majority of white matter neurons are pyramidal cells displaying the typical polarized, spiny dendritic system. The morphological variety includes stellate forms as well as bipolar pyramidal cells, and the expression of a certain morphological phenotype seems to depend on the position of the neuron. Spineless nonpyramidal neurons with multipolar to bitufted dendritic fields constitute less than 10% of the nuerons stained for microtubule associated protein (MAP-2). Only 3% of the MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons display nicotine adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase activity. The white matter pyramidal neurons are arranged in radial rows continuous with the columns of layer VI neurons. Neuron density is highest below layer VI, and decreases with increasing distance from the gray matter. White matter neurons are especially abundant below the primary motor cortex, and are least frequent below the visual cortex area 17. In contrast to other mammalian species, the white matter neurons in man are not only present during development, but persist throughout life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 258-261 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: alkaline-earth dihalides ; Ca3Br2CBN ; Sr3Cl2CBN ; preparation ; structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Synthesis of Alkaline-Earth Dihalides and the Structures of Ca3Br2CBN and Sr3Cl2CBNThe reaction of alkaline-earth carbonates with ammonium chloride or bromide yields alkaline-earth dihalides at relatively low temperatures (300°C). Ca3Br2CBN and Sr3Cl2CBN were synthesized in sealed niobium containers at 950°C from the metal, its dihalide, boron nitride and graphite. The crystal structure of Sr3Cl2CBN was refined from single crystal data. Sr3Cl2CBN crystallizes isotypic with Ca3Cl2CBN in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (No. 62) with a = 1448.4(2) pm b = 405.46(5) pm, c = 1170.0(1) pm. The lattice constants of Ca3Br2CBN and Sr3Cl2CBN were determined by orthorhombic indexing of the powder patterns (Ca3Br2CBN: a = 1444.3(2) pm, b = 390.64(6) pm, c = 1139.2(2) pm; Sr3Cl2CBN: a = 1444.0(4) pm, b = 405.27(8) pm, c = 1167.8(2) pm). There was no success in preparing homologues with Barium.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Erdalkalimetallcarbonaten mit Ammoniumchlorid oder Ammoniumbromid liefert bei relativ niedrigen Temperaturen (300°C) Erdalkalimetalldihalogenide. Ca3Br2CBN und Sr3Cl2CBN wurden in verschweißten Niobcontainern bei 950°C aus dem Metall, dessen Dihalogenid sowie Bornitrid und Graphit hergestellt. Die Kristallstruktur von Sr3Cl2CBN wurde mit Einkristalldaten verfeinert. Sr3Cl2CBN kristallisiert isotyp zu Ca3Cl2CBN in der orthorhombischen Raumgruppe Pnma (Nr. 62) mit a = 1448,4(2) pm, b = 405,46(5) pm, c = 1170,1(1) pm. Die Gitterkonstanten von Ca3Br2CBN und Sr3Cl2CBN wurden durch orthorhombische Indizierung der Pulverdiagramme bestimmt (Ca3Br2CBN: a = 1444,3(2) pm, b = 390,64(6) pm, c = 1139,2(2) pm; Sr3Cl2CBN: a = 1444,0(4) pm, b = 405,27(8) pm, c = 1167,8(2) pm). Es gelang nicht, Barium-homologe darzustellen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Rhenium ; rubidium rhenium halide hydrates ; preparation ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [Rb2(H2O)2][Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O, a Mixed Halide-Hydrate with the Anionic Dimer {[Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O}2-[Rb2(H2O)2][Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O crystallizes as dark redbrown single crystals from an hydrobromic-acid solution of ReCl3 and RbBr at 0°C. An important feature of the crystal structure (monoclinic, C2/c; a = 1494.61(8); b = 835.71(4); c = 3079.96(19) pm; β = 97.801(4)°; Vm = 573.9(4) cm3mol-1; R = 0.060; Rw = 0.038) is the connection of two anions [Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]- via a water molecule to dimers, {[Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O}2-. These dimeric units are contained in slabs that are stacked in the [001] direction and held together by Rb+ cations and crystal water.
    Notes: [Rb2(H2O)2][Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O kristallisiert in dunklen, rotbraunen Einkristallen aus bromwasserstoffsaurer Lösung von Rheniumtrichlorid und Rubidiumbromid bei 0°C. Ein wichtiges Merkmal der Kristallstruktur (monoklin; C2/c; a = 1494,61(8); b = 835,71(4); c = 3079,96(19) pm; β = 97,801(4)°; Vm = 573,9(4) cm3mol-1; R = 0,060; Rw = 0,038) ist die Verknüpfung zweier Anionen [Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]- über ein Wassermolekül zu Dimeren {[Re3(μ-Cl)3Br7(H2O)2]2 · H2O}2-. Diese dimeren Baugruppen sind zu Schichtpaketen zusammengefaßt, die längs [001] gestapelt und über die Rb+-Ionen in Gemeinsamkeit mit Kristallwasser verbunden sind.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 262-265 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Ca3(BN2)2 ; Sr3(BN2)2 ; NaSr4(BN2)3 ; preparation ; structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Structure of Sr3(BN2)2The structure of Sr3(BN2)2 was determined on single-crystal X-ray data collected with a four-circle diffractometer. Sr3(BN2)2 crystallizes in the cubic space group Im3m (no. 229) with a = 764.56(3) pm and Z = 3. The structure contains linear BN3-2 ions with a B—N bond length of 135.8(6) pm. The straight forward synthesis employing metal nitrides plus boron nitride yielded crystalline powders of M3(BN2)2 (M = Ca, Sr) at 1100°C (5 days). Cubic indexing of guinier patterns gave a = 765.8(1) pm for M = Sr and a = 734.7(2) pm for M = Ca. The structure refinement on a single crystal of Sr3(BN2)2 revealed that one strontium site (2a; 0, 0, 0) is occupied by only about 50%. It has been tried to fully occupy this site with an alkali metal (A) to obtain ASr4(BN2)3 (Z = 2). Reactions with A = Na yielded crystalline powders. Cubic indexing of the guinier pattern analogous to that of Sr3(BN2)2 gave a = 754.2(1) pm.
    Notes: Die Struktur von Sr3(BN2)2 wurde anhand von Einkristall-Röntgendaten, die durch Messung an einem Vierkreisdiffraktometer erhalten wurden, bestimmt. Sr3(BN2)2 kristallisiert in der kubischen Raumgruppe Im3m (Nr. 229) mit a = 764,56(3) pm und Z = 3. Die Struktur enthält lineare BN3-2-Ionen mit einer Bindungslänge B—N von 135,8(6) pm. Die gezielte Darstellung aus den Metallnitriden und Bornitrid zu M3(BN2)2 (M = Ca, Sr) bei 1100°C (5 Tage) ergab kristalline Pulver. Kubische Indizierung der Guinierdiagramme gab a = 765,8(1) pm für M = Sr und 734,7(2) pm für M = Ca. Die Strukturverfeinerung an einem Einkristall von Sr3(BN2)2 zeigte, daß eine Strontiumlage (2a; 0,0,0) nur zu etwa 50% besetzt ist. Es wurde versucht, diese Lage mit einem Alkalimetall (A) entsprechend ASr4(BN2)3 (Z = 2) vollständig zu besetzen. Reaktionen mit A = Na ergaben kristalline Pulver, deren Guinierdiagramme analog zu Sr3(BN2)2 kubisch mit a = 754,2(1) pm indiziert werden konnten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 594 (1991), S. 113-118 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Ca3Cl2CBN ; preparation ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ca3Cl2CBN, a Compound with the New CBN4- UnitThe new compound Ca3Cl2CBN was obtained from the reaction of Ca and CaCl2 with CaCN2, B and C or with BN and C, in sealed tantalum containers at 900°C. The crystal structure is related with the structure of Ca3Cl2C3 whereas the C34- units (C2v symmetry) are substituted by isoelectronic CBN4- anions (Cs symmetry): Ca3Cl2CBN, Pnma, a = 1 386.7(9) pm, b = 384.7(3) pm, c = 1 124.7(6) pm, Z = 4; R = 0.055, Rw = 0.036 for 380 independent intensities.The CBN4- units are located between layers of Ca2+ that are interconnected by Cl-. The bond angle (C—B—N) is 176° and bond distances are dC—B = 144 pm and dB—N = 138 pm, respectively.
    Notes: Die neue Verbindung Ca3Cl2CBN bildet sich bei der Reaktion von Ca und CaCl2 mit CaCN2, B und C oder mit BN und C in verschweißten Tantalkapseln bei 900°C. Die Kristallstruktur ist mit der Struktur von Ca3Cl2C3 verwandt, wobei statt den C34--Ionen (C2v-Symmetrie) isoelektronische CBN4--Einheiten (Cs-Symmetrie) vorliegen. Ca3Cl2CBN kristallisiert orthorhombisch (Pnma) mit: a = 1 386,7(9) pm, b = 384,7(3) pm, c = 1 124,7(6) pm, Z = 4; R = 0,055, Rw = 0,036 für 380 unabhängige Intensitäten. Die CBN4--Einheiten liegen zwischen Schichten aus Ca2+, die durch Cl- verbrückt sind. Der Bindungswinkel (C—B—N) beträgt 176°, die Bindungslängen dC—B = 144 pm und dB—N = 138 pm.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Polyphosphides ; Zintl-phases M3X11 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs; X = P, As) ; P113-, As113- cage anion ; preparation ; vibrational spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry and Structural Chemistry of Phosphides and Polyphosphides. 53. Preparation, Properties, and Vibrational Spectra of the Cage Anions P113- and As113-The Zintl-phases M3X11 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs; X = P, As) are prepared from the elements or from M3X7 and X. The compounds undergo a first-order phase transition from the crystalline to the plastically crystalline state. Unit cell and space group of both modifications and the transition temperature Tc are determined. The vibrational spectra of the crystalline compounds and the Raman spectrum of the P113- anion in en-solution as well are measured. The assignment of the frequencies is given, based on the 32-D3 symmetry of the X113- cage anion. Normal coordinate analysis is carried out in terms of Cartesian coordinates to avoid the problem of redundancies in using internal coordinates. The force constants [mdyn Å-1] obtained for the characteristic bonds r, s, and t are: fppr = 1.34, fpps = 1.20, fppt = 1.08; fAsAsr = 1.1, fAsAss = 0.91. Normal vibrations and the potential energy distribution (PED) are discussed.
    Notes: Die Zintl-Phasen M3X11 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs; X = P, As) werden aus den Elementen oder aus M3X7 und X synthetisiert. Die Verbindungen durchlaufen einen Phasenübergang 1. Ordnung vom kristallinen zum plastisch-kristallinen Zustand. Elementarzelle und Raumgruppe beider Modifikationen sowie Übergangstemperaturen Tc wurden bestimmt. Die Schwingungsspektren der kristallinen Verbindungen sowie das Raman-Spektrum des Anions P113- in en-Lösung wurden gemessen. Die Zuordnung der Schwingungsfrequenzen gelingt auf der Basis der Symmetrie 32-D3 der Käfiganionen X113-. Die Normalkoordinatenanalyse erfolgte in kartesischen Koordinaten, wodurch das in inneren Koordinaten auftretende Redundanzproblem vermieden wird. Auf diesem Wege erhaltene Kraftkonstanten [mdyn Å-1] der charakteristischen Bindungen r, s und t sind: fppr = 1, 34, fpps = 1, 20, fppt = 1, 08; fAsAsr = 1, 1, fAsAss = 0, 96, fAsAst = 0, 91. Die Normalschwingungen und die Verteilung der potentiellen Energie (PED) werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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