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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning tunneling microscopy of polyimide monolayers prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 6 (1990), S. 1246-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00097a009
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of a semiquantitative and a quantitative method for assessing vertebral fractures in osteoporosis (1994)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 4 (1994), S. 154-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Deformity Index ; Fracture assessment ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis progression ; Spine ; Vertebra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is no agreed definition for the assessment of vertebral fractures and deformities in patients with osteoporosis. Radiographs of 66 patients randomized for therapy with etidronate or placebo were analyzed at baseline and during follow-up (60/120/150 weeks) independently using two procedures. The first method of spinal deformity index (SDIG) and vertebral deformity score (VDSG) is based on a semiquantitative visual reading of each vertebra between T4 and L4. The second method of spine deformity index (SDIM) and vertebral deformity index (VDIM) is based on vertebral height measurements of T4 through L5 and each measurement from T5 to L5 (anterior, middle and posterior height) is related to T4 and compared with the respective T4-related normal range. There was good agreement between the mean vertebral deformation from T5 to L4 graded by VDSG and VDIM, with correlation coefficients betweenR=0.52 (p〈0.0001) andR=0.9 (p〈0.0001) respectively. Spinal deformation at baseline as measured by SDIM and SDIG was correlated withR=0.76 (p〈0.0001). For diagnosing a vertebra as fractured or not, VDIM reached a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 85% using VDSG as a standard, and on the other hand VDSG reached a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 88% in relation to VDIM. The changes in spinal deformation from week 0 to 150 were correlated withR=0.58 (p〈0.0002) between SDIM and SDIG. To detect vertebral fracture progression the sensitivity of VDIM was 74% and the specificity 86%, when changes in VDSG were used as a standard. On the other hand sensitivity for VDSG was 56% and specificity 95% to detect vertebral fracture progression, when changes in VDIM were used as a standard. The comparison of changes in spinal deformation in the etidronate and placebo group during the 3-year study demonstrated that changes in SDIM during follow-up confirmed the results found by the changes in SDIG. As an independent standard for vertebral deformity and fracture definition is not available, the present study does not allow a decision as to whether semiquantitative reading (SDIG) or vertebral height measurements (SDIM) are closer to the biological truth. We conclude that in clinical studies the assessment of vertebral fractures or deformations should be validated by the comparison between two different established techniques, performed independently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623062
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of noble metal ions on silica with chemically bonded ligands (1994)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 116 (1994), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: noble metals ; silica ; separation ; complexing agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The separation of noble metal ions was investigated by chemically bonded ligands based on the concept of “hard” and “soft” acids and bases according to Pearson; influences of ion pairing and chelating effects are discussed. Complexing groups containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur were immobilized on silica gel. Ag, Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt and Rh were adsorbed in the acidic range (pH 0 to pH 5) and eluted from the gel in the range from pH 0 to pH 7.5 avoiding formation of hydroxides and coprecipitation of the noble metals. The separation is dependent on the immobilized ligand, the pH-value of sorption and desorption and the eluent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244066
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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