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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platinum determination in nutrient plants by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with special respect to the hafnium oxide interference (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 1157-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Platinum, emitted from automobile exhaust catalysts, is mainly oxidised in a humic soil, as described previously [1]. An experiment with nutrient plants was carried out to elucidate the bioavailability and accumulation of these platinum containing species. The plants [Allium cepa L. (Weiß, Frühling), Rephanus sativus L. (Riesenbutter), Vicia faba L. (Hedin, Herzfreya), Zea mays L. (Delis) and Solanum tuberosum L. (Selma)] were grown under natural conditions. For mass balances all ways of platinum transport into and out of the system were monitored during the growing period. Plants growing in untreated soil took up less than 1% of the platinum naturally present in the soil [0.15±0.11 μg kg-1 (78%)]. Plants growing in soil treated with a platinum containing tunnel dust took up slightly more platinum. The comparison of ICPquadrupole-MS results with those obtained by a double focusing magnetic sector ICP-MS showed a strong dependence of the platinum concentration on the Hf-content in the sample. An evaluation method for the correction of the Hf-influence for ICP-quadrupole-MS is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050323
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary electrophoresis coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CE/ICP-MS) and to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE/ESI-MS): An approach for maximum species information in speciation of selenium (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 456-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract On-line hyphenations consisting of a separation and a detection step are one of the most efficient techniques for identification and characterization of metal containing species. The high resolution power of capillary electrophoresis (CE) is used for the separation of three selenium species, whereas either electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are taken for molecule or element specific detection. This work gives an overview about the possibilities and limitations, when using the two hyphenated systems for speciation investigations. In order to show the power of the two complementary techniques, a CZE method using 5% acetic acid as background electrolyte was applied to the separation of selenomethionine (SeM), selenocystine (SeC) and selenocystamine (SeCM). Depending on the species and the element, the detection limits of the CE/ICP-MS hyphenated system are up to 102 to 103 times better than that for the CE/ESI-MS system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051222
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of noble metal ions on silica with chemically bonded ligands (1994)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 116 (1994), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: noble metals ; silica ; separation ; complexing agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The separation of noble metal ions was investigated by chemically bonded ligands based on the concept of “hard” and “soft” acids and bases according to Pearson; influences of ion pairing and chelating effects are discussed. Complexing groups containing oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur were immobilized on silica gel. Ag, Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt and Rh were adsorbed in the acidic range (pH 0 to pH 5) and eluted from the gel in the range from pH 0 to pH 7.5 avoiding formation of hydroxides and coprecipitation of the noble metals. The separation is dependent on the immobilized ligand, the pH-value of sorption and desorption and the eluent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01244066
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of free iodide in human serum: Separation from other I-species and quantification in serum pools and individual samples (1996)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 122 (1996), S. 67-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: iodide ; iodine ; ion chromatography ; quality control ; human serum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A method for the determination of free iodide in human serum was developed. For this purpose iodide from pooled serum samples was separated from the organic manner by SEC. The iodide fraction subsequently was freezedried and analyzed by ion chromatography for quantification. Investigations for recovery and precision were carried out and were found to show sufficient results. For quality assurance ICP-MS was taken additionally as an total I-detector [1], using native and iodide-spiked serum samples. The iodide results of ICP-MS as well as those of IC were well corresponding. Iodine containing SEC-fractions from iodide-spiked samples showed no increased I-values except that in the iodide fractions, proving that there was no iodide conversion into other I-species (and vice versa) during the whole procedure. Free iodide from two serum pools of different healthy persons was determined as 2.25 and 2.43 μg I−/L, respectively. The values are related to total iodine levels determined by ICP-MS. For comparative reasons a table of individual iodine and iodide values is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01252407
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First International Conference on Trace Element Speciation in Biomedical, Nutritional and Environmental Sciences (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 429-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality control and reference materials in speciation analysis (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 439-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This contribution describes the need and some strategies for a rigid quality control in speciation analysis. Firstly, the term “chemical speciation” is defined and differentiated from experimental concepts now called “operationally defined speciation” or “functionally defined speciation”. The need for quality control in speciation is given by the big number of sources of errors during sampling, sample preparation, separation and detection. Errors such as stability problems, contaminations or losses, spectral interferences etc. are discussed. On the other hand, several concepts for problem solutions are described. One of these solutions is the use of certified reference materials (CRM). Unfortunately, species-certified CRM are only available for few matrices and few elements, e.g. mercury in fish or sediments, lead in solutions and urban dust etc. Therefore special quality control strategies are necessary for each part of the analytical speciation procedure. Several examples of such procedures are given and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051219
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The capability of ultrafiltration and ETV-ICP-MS for size fractionation studies of arsenic and selenium species in ground water samples with high concentrations of iron, manganese and sulfur (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362 (1998), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A simple, but highly sensitive procedure for the determination of particular and colloidally bound arsenic and selenium species in ground water samples with high concentrations of iron, manganese and sulfur is presented. Samples were first filtered through a 0.45 μm filter to separate the particulate matter from the dissolved. Aliquots of the filtered sample were submitted to ultrafiltration through membrane filters with pore diameters of 30 nm and 1 nm, respectively. Filtrates were analyzed by ETV-ICP-MS for their arsenic and selenium concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051074
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new method for the analysis of arsenic species in urine by using HPLC-ICP-MS (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362 (1998), S. 313-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Urinary arsenic speciation is considered to be an effective procedure to differentiate between toxic inorganic and less toxic organic arsenic exposure. The aim of the present work was to develop a new method for the simultaneous determination of the main arsenic species so far detected in urine: arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), methylarsonic acid (MA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and arsenobetaine (AsB). The method is based on anion exchange HPLC coupled on-line to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for element specific detection. Experimental parameters, such as column type and composition of the mobile phases were optimized in order to get best separation, little matrix interferences, lowest detection limits, and short total times of analyses. Best chromatographic conditions were obtained by using a Dionex AS14 anion exchange column and a gradient elution with tetramethylammonium hydroxide and ammonium carbonate as eluting compounds. The detection limits (3 σ) were found to be in the sub μg L–1 range. The method was applied to analyze different urine samples from persons with and without consumption of seafood. To avoid significant matrix influences, samples (24 h urine) had to be diluted 1 : 5 with water and were filtered through a 0.45 μm filter prior to analyses. Special attention was focused on the validation of the method according to the regulations of the “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft” (DFG) for the analyses of hazardous substances in biological materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051080
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platinum speciation with hyphenated techniques: high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis on-line coupled to an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer – application to aqueous extracts from a platinum treated soil (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 360 (1998), S. 18-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 1. An on-line hyphenation of reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is applied, using an ultrasonic nebuliser combined with a membrane desolvator as the interface. Thus, organic solvents (e.g. methanol, hexane) or gradients (e.g. methanol/water) as well as aqueous NaHCO3/NaCl mixtures can be directly used without influence on the plasma. The high resolution power of HPLC enables the separation of Pt-species, whereas ICP-MS is taken for element specific detection with low detection limits. 2. Additionally, a powerful on-line coupling of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and ICP-MS [1, 2] was used for platinum speciation in parallel. With these two methods, independent from each other, first characterisation is achieved about the nature of Pt species formed by interaction with a soil. Aqueous extracts of a clay-like humic soil, treated with a Pt contaminated tunnel dust and Pt model compounds [3] were examined to elucidate transformation processes of Pt-species in a soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050635
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coupling of capillary electrophoresis with ICP-MS for speciation investigations (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 594-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An online hyphenation of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is developed, using a homemade nebulizer as the interface. The high resolution power of CE is used for the separation of metal species, whereas ICP-MS is taken for element specific detection with low detection limits. Metal species of standard solutions and real samples are separated and monitored by UV and ICP-MS. After optimization, electropherograms with high resolution were obtained, showing low detection limits around 1 μg/L (e.g. Pt-species) and very high resolution. Typical analysis times were below 22 min. Quality control aspects concerned species stability during the analytical procedure and stability of electrical current during nebulization. A possible interfering suction flow was estimated and found to be negligible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050220
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