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  • 1985-1989  (521)
  • pharmacokinetics  (242)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (224)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging of cor triatriatum (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 9 (1988), S. 149-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Cor triatriatum ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Phase display
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Magnetic resonance imaging utilizing spin echo sequences was used to demonstrate cor triatriatum in an 18-year-old boy. Phase map images aided the diagnosis by demonstrating the presence of slowly flowing blood in the accessory atrial chamber. Magnetic resonance is an excellent modality for the noninvasive diagnosis of cor triatriatum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02080555
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (1986)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 15 (1986), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Osteonecrosis ; Bone disease, hip
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study investigates the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MR) in identifying avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head and in monitoring its therapy. The detection of AVN, particularly in its early stages, is imperative to give therapeutic intervention the best opportunity for successful management. The results of magnetic resonance imaging are compared with those of the standard diagnostic modalities in evaluation of patients with the lesion. Examinations were performed at 0.12 T with a repetition time (TR) of 143 ms and times to echo (TE's) of 10 or 20 ms. This study represents a retrospective review of 90 hips which were examined in 45 consecutive patients. Of these, 52 hips were biopsied as part of treatment. MR was shown to be sensitive in the detection of AVN. Comparison of MR with radionuclide imaging showed comparable sensitivity and specificity. MR was also noted to be sensitive in the detection of early AVN. Preliminary results suggest that MR can monitor treatment of the affected hip, and may even be able to predict patient response to therapy. Although further work is necessary to determine the role of MR in the evaluation of the patient presenting with hip pain, MR is a sensitive method in detecting AVN and in monitoring its course in patients suspected of having the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of a new penem antibiotic, FCE 22101, in healthy volunteers after a single intravenous dose (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 633-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: FCE 22101 ; penem antibiotic ; pharmacokinetics ; single dose ; healthy volunteers ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The clinical tolerance and pharmacokinetics of FCE 22101 (sodium (5R, 6S)-6-[(1R)-hydroxyethyl]-2-carbamoyloxymethyl-2-penem-3-carboxylate), a new penem antibiotic, have been studied after giving a single i.v. dose of 4 mg·kg−1 to ten healthy male volunteers. The pharmacokinetics was estimated according to a two-compartment open model. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 15.5 (1.08) µg·ml−1, mean (SEM). FCE 22101 was rapidly cleared from the systemic circulation [ $$t_{1/2\lambda _z } $$ =44.2 (4.2) min; CL=7.21 (0.47) ml·kg−1·min−1]. The mean apparent volume of distribution at steady-state was 246 (16.9) ml·kg−1. The mean residence time relative to the 10 min infusion was 39.4 (1.5)min. Urinary recovery of FCE 22101 showed wide inter-subject variation, ranging from 10.2 to 53.6% of the dose. No subject complained of adverse effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637750
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal excretion and pharmacokinetics of methotrexate and 7-hydroxy-methotrexate following a 24-h high dose infusion of methotrexate in children (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: methotrexate ; hydroxymethotrexate ; lymphoid malignancy ; renal excretion ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In children with lymphoid malignancies 18 courses of methotrexate (18–200 mg/kg) administered as a 24-h infusion were monitored. Plasma concentrations and renal excretion rates of methotrexate (MTX) and 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OHMTX) were determined. A low correlation was found between the administered dose of MTX and the body exposure to MTX or 7-OHMTX. Although 84% of the MTX eventually recovered from the urine was excreted during the 24 h of the infusion, the renal clearance of MTX was markedly lower during the time of the infusion than after it. There were courses with a low and others with a high renal clearance of MTX during the infusion, despite the same urine flow. A low MTX renal clearance was correlated with a high body exposure to MTX. As the same variations were also seen in the same patient during successive courses, pharmacokinetical characterization of patients appears questionable. The renal clearance of 7-OHMTX was significantly lower than the renal clearance of MTX, and the body exposure to 7-OHMTX ranged from 2–40% of the MTX body exposure. Treatment courses with a low or a high body exposure to 7-OHMTX were not associated with different urinary recoveries of the metabolite. Differences in MTX hydroxylation could not be substantiated. Because the concentration of 7-OHMTX is high soon after the end of an infusion, a specific method of MTX determination should be chosen for controlling treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614310
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic studies on some phenylethylamine drugs: Molecular orbital calculations (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 31 (1987), S. 855-869 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic absorption spectra of some phenylethylamine drugs, namely, d-pseudoepherine, l-pseudoephedrine, l-ephedrine, dl-ephedrine dl-norephedrine, phenylethylamine, methoxyphenamine, and l-noradrenaline were investigated in polar and nonpolar solvents. The observed transitions were interpreted, and the role of σ-π interaction was explored. Molecular orbital calculations were performed on representatives of the above group of compounds, namely, d-pseudoephedrine, l-ephedrine, and l-noradrenaline using the INDO procedures and adopting the best conformer of the molecule. The transition energy, band intensity, and dipole moments were calculated and corresponded satisfactorily with the experimental values.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.560310603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography of the brain in embolic left atrial myxoma (1989)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1989), S. 137-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cerebral angiography ; Atrial myxoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of left atrial myxoma presenting exclusively with neurological symptoms, studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with cerebral angiography and computed tomography (CT) is reported. Typical angiographic findings suggested the diagnosis of myxoma. MRI showed multiple ischemic lesions disseminated throughout the entire brain, some of which had been clinically asymptomatic. Because of its sensitivity in identifying small cerebral infarcts, MRI should prove in the future to be a first-choice technique in the evaluation of the presence of and extent of cerebral involvement in embolic left atrial myxoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00698841
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of intracerebral haematoma at low field (0.15T) using T2 dependent partial saturation sequences (1988)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 30 (1988), S. 367-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Intracerebral haematoma ; Low field MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Results of MRI at 0.15T in twelve successive patients with intracerebral haematoma are reviewed. Using T2 weighted spin echo (SE) and partial saturation (PS without a refocussing 180° pulse) sequences, low intensity areas were seen in eleven of the twelve cases. These included central regions (three cases), a peripheral rim (seven cases) and more diffuse patterns involving the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres (two cases). One case initially displayed a peripheral rim and later a central low intensity region. Central low intensity regions were seen in acute, subacute, and chronic cases. Follow up in five cases displayed an increase in signal within the haematoma in three cases and a decrease in signal intensity in two cases. Low signal intensity areas can be seen within and around intracerebral haematomas imaged with T2 weighted sequences at low field strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404099
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The disposition of biphenylacetic acid following topical application (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1988), S. 639-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: biphenylacetic acid ; plasma and synovial fluid concentrations ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma and synovial fluid concentrations of biphenylacetic acid were determined following application of 3 g of 3% biphenylacetic acid gel to one knee of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The mean peak plasma concentration was 34 ng/ml. Synovial fluid concentrations tended to follow plasma concentrations but at a somewhat lower level, the mean peak synovial fluid concentration was 21 ng/ml. The average ratio of synovial fluid AUC (0–24 h) to plasma AUC (0–24 h) was 0.58, r=0.97. Where patients had bilateral effusions, the concentration in the ipsilateral knee at each time point examined was not significantly different to that in the contralateral knee, suggesting that absorption was initially into the plasma and subsequently into the synovium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542502
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a single daily dose treatment of fenofibrate on plasma lipoproteins in hyperlipoproteinaemia IIb (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hyperlipoproteinaemia ; fenofibrate ; single daily dose ; plasma lipids ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The safety and efficacy of a single daily dose of fenofibrate (200 mg) have been evaluated in 12 Type IIB hyperlipidaemic patients in a three-month study. At the same time the pharmacokinetics was studied to check whether this new dosage schedule would give a therapeutic plasma levels of fenofibrate. At the single daily dose of 200 mg, fenofibrate was highly effective, very well tolerated, and it reached therapeutic plasma levels without accumulation. It appears that fenofibrate can usefully be employed at this dosage in hyperlipidaemia, especially since patient compliance is better when only one daily dose need be taken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061412
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlations between in vitro dissolution, in vivo bioavailability and hypoglycaemic effect of oral glibenclamide (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1986), S. 177-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: glibenclamide ; bioavailability ; pharmacokinetics ; dissolution ; hypoglycaemia ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study has been carried out investigating four different marketed oral preparations of glibenclamide, correlating the effectiveness of the drug in these preparations in lowering plasma glucose concentrations with (i) the in vitro dissolution of the drug, measured by the British Pharmacopoeal and Desaga methods, and (ii) the in vivo bioavailability, assessed in 12 healthy human volunteers. The two dissolution methods yielded different rank orders of ease of dissolution of the drug from the various preparations; the findings of neither dissolution method correlated adequately with the results of the in vivo bioavailability studies, which correctly predicted the abilities of the preparations to reduce plasma glucose concentrations. Relative to an oral glibenclamide solution the bioavailabilities of the drug from three tablet preparations were 0.69, 0.49 and 0.24. The mean elimination half-life of the drug was 1.5 h and assuming complete bioavailability of the drug from oral solution the mean systemic clearance was 0.095 l kg−1h−1, and the mean apparent volume of distribution was 0.20 l kg−1. It is concluded that it may be unsafe to use in vitro dissolution data as a basis for assessing the bioequivalences of different glibenclamide preparations intended for oral use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606655
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