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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Horseradish peroxidase ; Concanavalin A ; Human pituitary adenoma ; Functioning adenoma ; Non-functioning adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intracellular lectin (Con A)-binding sites of human pituitary adenoma were examined by electron microscopy using the horseradish-peroxidase (HRP)-labelling technique. In this study were used 16 cases of human pituitary adenomas operated on in our clinics between 1977 and 1981: they concluded 4 each of PRL-, GH-, ACTH-producing and hormonal non-functioning adenomas. In parallel with the detection of lectin-binding sites, basal levels of their secreting hormones were determined by the radioimmunoassay technique, and their producing hormones were characterized light microscopically by the immunocytochemical HRP-labelling technique. In the present study, for hormonal functioning adenoma cells, mature or large granules of each specific type of adenoma cells had no definite Con A-binding sites. On the other hand, immature or small secretory granules of RPL- or GH-producing adenoma cells showed a positive reaction with Con A. ACTH-producing adenomas so far examined revealed no definite binding sites. Some variable results were obtained concerning non-functioning adenomas. Lectins have been and will be very useful in the detection of different subtypes of adenomas in each specific group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ferritin labeled lectin ; Human pituitary adenoma ; Functioning adenoma ; Non-functioning adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lectin-binding sites of the human pituitary adenoma cells were examined by electron microscopy in correlation with their functional states. In this study used were 37 cases of the human pituitary adenomas which had been operated in our clinics from 1977 to 1979. They were divided into four groups: 13 cases of PRL-producing adenomas, nine of hGH-producing adenomas, three of ACTH-producing adenomas, and 12 of hormonal non-functioning adenomas. In parallel with the detection of the lectinbinding sites by means of the ferritin-labeling method, the basal levels of their secreting hormones were determined by the radioimmunoassay technique, and their producing hormones were characterized light microscopically by the immunocytochemical HRP-labeling technique. The present study clearly shows that the ferritinlabeled, lectin-binding sites of the human pituitary adenoma cells prefixed with aldehyde are different in number between PRL- or hGH-producing adenoma cells and non-functioning ones. Morphologically resemblin, non-functioning adenoma cells and mixed somatotrophic and lactotrophic adenoma cells are definitely distinguished from each other by the findings of the ferritin-labeled RCA-binding sites' distribution pattern. Lectins have been proved very useful to evaluate the membrane characteristics of the human pituitary adenoma cells in association with their functional states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Lectin ; Paget's disease ; Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) ; Light and electron microscopy ; Epidermis ; Cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lectin-binding pattern in extramammary Paget's disease was studied using seven different lectins (Con A, WGA, RCA-I, PNA, SBA, DBA, and UEA-I) by means of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeling method. By light microscopy it was observed that Con A, WGA, RCA-I, and DBA stained almost all the extramammary Paget cells, while PNA, SBA, and UEA-I stained only some of them. Normal keratinocytes and tumor cells from other diseases such as mammary Paget's disease, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell epithelioma, Bowen's disease, and seborrheic keratosis were positively stained with Con A, WGA, and RCA-I, but not with DBA except in some of the mammary Paget's cells. By electron microscopy it was observed that DBA stained the cell membrane and the Golgi apparatus of the extramammary Paget cells. The present results suggest that DBA is a specific lectin for glycoconjugates in extramammary Paget cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 862-863 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Short-term desensitization of the contractile response of the guinea-pig taenia caecum to histamine was tested in the absence of Ca++. Desensitization was monitored both by the fall of histamine response and by the decrease of irreversible blockade by phenoxybenzamine. In Ca++-free solution with 0.2 mM EGTA, desensitization occurred as in normal physiological solution containing Ca++.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 77 (1983), S. 417-422 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity in rabbit articular cartilage induced by joint contracture were studied by light and electron microscopy. The knee joint was plaster-immobilized for 3–9 weeks in the flexion position. Three different age groups of rabbits were examined, at the age of 1 month (young), 1 year (adult), and over 2.5 years (old). ALPase activity was detected in the cartilage taken from the distal end of the femur, employing the lead citrate method. Positive activity was primarily localized in the plasma membrane of the chondrocytes and also in the pericellular matrix vesicles. Before immobilization the positive cells were distributed exclusively in the deep zone of the cartilage, whereas after immobilization activity was present in cells both in the middle and deep zones. This phenomenon was most evident in the old group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Concanavalin A (Con A)-binding sites were labeled with colloidal gold (CG), stained with ruthenium red, and observed under a high-voltage electron microscope. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were labeled by the indirect Con A/CG labeling method at 0° C. After washing, some of the cells were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37° C. The specimens were then stained with ruthenium red, to enhance the contrast of the cell surface, and embedded in Epon. Sections (0.3∼3 μm thick) were cut and examined by high-voltage electron microscopy at accelerating voltages of 200∼1,000 kV. Staining with ruthenium red provided a strong contrast of the cell surface and the invaginating tubules beneath it against the cytoplasm; in thick sections, both of them were clearly seen by stereomicroscopy. CG particles which represented Con A-binding sites were also sufficiently electron dense to be recognized by high-voltage electron microscopy of thick sections. The two- and three-dimensional distribution of CG particles on the ruthenium-red-positive cell surface was clearly visualized. At 0° C, Con A-binding sites were randomly distributed on the cell surface. The redistribution and endocytosis of Con A-binding sites were seen at 37° C. The three-dimensional organization of membrane invagination, which represented the process of endocytosis, was clearly seen by stercomicroscopy. The combination of CG labeling and ruthenium red staining is a useful method for high-voltage electron microscopic analysis of the two- and three-dimensional distribution of CG-labeled ligands on the cell surface in thick sections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 81 (1984), S. 435-439 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Binding, redistribution, and endocytosis of colloidal gold (CG)-labeled concanavalin A (ConA) were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured on Formvar-coated platinum grids. Either fixed or unfixed cells were labeled by the indirect ConA-CG labeling method. Specimens were critical-pointdried and observed by TEM and SEM in the same region. Surface-bound ConA-CG was easily seen by SEM. Stereomicroscopic observation by TEM clearly showed the threedimensional distribution of ConA on the cell surface as well as in the cytoplasmic vesicles and vacuoles. In the prefixed cells, CG was distributed randomly on the cell surface. When unfixed cells were labeled at 0° C, a similar binding pattern was observed, although the density of bound CG was decreased. When cells labeled with ConA-CG at 0° C were further incubated at 37° C, redistribution and endocytosis of the label were seen. Endocytosed CG in the cytoplasmic vesicles and vacuoles was clearly seen by TEM. In addition, three-dimensional location and relationship with other organelles were easily observed. Combined TEM and SEM observation of CG-labeled whole-cell-mount specimens is a useful method to study the dynamics of cellbound ligands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lectin binding patterns in normal human skin were studied using five different biotinyl lectins and avidin-horseradish peroxidase. The staining pattern was specific for each lectin. In the epidermis, peanut agglutinin (PNA) and soybean agglutinin (SBA) preferentially stained the cell membranes of keratinocytes in the spinous and granular cell layers, indicating changes in the saccharide residues during keratinocyte differentiation. In the secretory segment of an eccrine sweat gland, the superficial cells gave a strong granular staining with Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA). Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and SBA, on the other hand, strongly stained the basal cells. With these lectins, two types of cells in the secretory segment were clearly distinguished. These results show that (1) PNA and SBA binding sites increase during the course of keratinocyte differentiation, and (2) RCA, DBA, and SBA are good markers to distinguish two types of cells in the secretory segment of an eccrine sweat gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 80 (1984), S. 415-420 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carbohydrate moieties on the surface of dissociated rat liver cells were examined electron microscopically using ferritin-or horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated lectins as probes. Rat liver was fixed by perfusion with 0.7% glutaraldehyde via the portal vein and dissociated into single cells with gentle homogenization. Concanavalin A (ConA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) bound almost evenly to the entire cell surface of hepatocytes as well as of endothelial cells. Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) revealed no binding to any region. Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) was found to bind exclusively to the sinusoidal surface of hepatocytes and to endothelial cell surfaces. Soybean agglutinin (SBA)-binding was restricted to the endothelial cell surfaces and part of the sinusoidal microvilli of hepatocytes. Regional differences in lectin-binding pattern were visualized between the sinusoidal and the lateral or bile-canalicular surfaces of the hepatocytes. A polarity may exist on the hepatocyte cell surfaces in terms of the distribution pattern of the carbohydrate moieties, especiàlly those of N-acetylgalactosamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 81 (1984), S. 209-212 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distal portions of rat colon from 14-, 16-, 18-, and 21-day fetuses, newborns, and adults were histochemically examined for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by light and electron microscopy. The specificity of AChE activity in Auerbach's plexus was confirmed by specific and/or nonspecific cholinesterase inhibition tests. Enzyme activity was first detectable after 18 days of gestation and became stronger with age. The reaction product was demonstrated by electron microscopy in and between the plasma membranes of the nerve fibers and their terminals. Ganglion cells also showed positive activity in the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The distribution pattern of the reaction product in fetal and newborn rat colons was basically the same as in adult rat colon. Therefore, the localization of AChE activity is considered to be a good marker for identifying premature ganglion cells in Auerbach's plexus, and the degree of AChE staining is a good indication of the degree of maturation of the plexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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