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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salt-tolerance in plants. I. Ions, compatible organic solutes and the stability of plant ribosomes (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polysomes and ribosomes recovered from a number of plant species were tested for stability when incubated at 25°C in salt solutions in the absence of ATP and initiation factors. Stability was assessed by sucrose density gradient analysis. The stability was inversely proportional to salt concentrations above 125 mol m−3 KCl. Polysomes were less stable in the presence of Na+ than K+ salts, and were much less stable in Cl− than in acetate salts. Polysomes from Triticum aestivum. Hordeum vulgare, Capsicum annuum, Helianthus annuus. Pisum sativum, Atriplex nummularia, Beta vulgaris, Cladophora sp., Enteromorpha sp. and Corallina cuvieri were similarly sensitive to KCl. Polysomes from Ulva lactuca were more sensitive than the other species. Cytoplasmic and plastid polysomes from T. aestivum were similarly unstable in 500 mol m−3 KCl. Unprogrammed ribosomal subunit couples from T. aestivum, B. vulgaris and U. lactuca showed Mg2+-dependent conformational instability and dissociation in KCl. Slight differences in ribosomal stability were observed between species, but these were unrelated to the salt tolerances of the plants. The ‘compatible’ organic solutes, glycinebetaine and proline, failed to reduce ion-induced instability. Ribosome yield and polysome profiles were similar in leaves of B. vulgaris containing significantly different levels of both Na+ and Cl− after growth in media containing 50 or 200 mol m−3 NaCl. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that plants maintain a cytoplasmic solute environment that is compatible with ribosomal stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11591840
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of salinity on the yield and composition of Diplachne fusca (Kallar grass) (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 4 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Aspects of the response of Kallar grass (Diplachne fusca) to root salinity have been studied. Field observation on the high level of tolerance of this species have been mirrored in pot trials and a 50% yield (dry matter) was obtained at ECe 22.3. While salt stress led to Na and Cl uptake, most of these ions appeared to be secreted selectively from the leaves. The shoot K+ content on a tissue water basis remained unaffected by salt stress and the shoot tissue had a high K+ selectivity. Osmotic adaptation was mainly brought about by tissue dehydration and not net salt accumulation although the compatible solute glycinebetaine was accumulated in fairly high concentrations.The organic and inorganic chemical composition of the shoots, including the trace elements Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn, is such as to make this species a highly promising plant for the exploitation of saline soils which might otherwise not be amenable to agriculture use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1981.tb01040.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical composition of salt-marsh plants from Ynys Môn (Anglesey): the concept of physiotypes (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 3 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chemical compositions of a number of halophytes from salt marshes on Ynys Môn (Anglesey), Wales, and of some related mesophytes and sand dune plants have been determined. Analyses of the inorganic ions broadly confirmed the existence of a characteristic chemical composition of many monoco-tyledonous salt-marsh plants in that they contain high levels of potassium and relatively low levels of sodium. In contrast to most dicotyledonous halophytes, especially members of the Chenopodiacease, the monocots restrict the entry of inorganic ions and use high levels of soluble sugars to maintain an adequate solute potential. Low calcium levels were not found to be a feature of these plants, as was previously reported. The large amounts of sugars found in the monocotyle-donous plants suggested that they must be located mainly in the vacuoles, in contrast to glycinebetaine which is thought to accumulate principally in the cytoplasm of the salt accumulating Chenopodiaceae. The monocotyledonous halophytes which accumulate proline differ from the normal monocotyledonous physiotype in the accumulation of larger quantities of sodium. Triglochin maritima is one species of this type, and Puccinellia maritima a less extreme example. Spartina spp. accumulating glycinebetaine and β-dimethyl-sulphoniopropionate also have unusually high inorganic ion contents for monocots. Several salt marsh plants contained large quantities of amino acids other than proline. As with ionic composition, the nature of the organic solutes broadly followed taxonomic lines. The usefulness of the physiotype concept is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11581858
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PLASMALEMMA AND TONOPLAST: THEIR FUNCTIONS IN THE PLANT CELL (Book). (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Plant, cell & environment 5 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11611560
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exploratory study to evaluate staff attitudes towards geriatric psychiatry (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of advanced nursing 8 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2648
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This work is part of a larger study carried out at the Murray Royal and Murthly Hospitals within the Tayside Health District. The survey was concerned with staff attitudes towards geriatric psychiatry patients and shows that the nurses in these peripheral hospitals hold a positive attitude towards this area of nursing. These findings appear to contradict the popular opinion held throughout the nursing service, that the geriatric psychiatry nursing area is very unpopular with trained, untrained and learner nurses. In the study by Hooper [Nursing Times (1981) 77 37–40/43–44], anxiety levels among learners towards the geriatric nursing areas were found to be very high. This appears to correlate with Kogan [Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology (1961) 62, 616–622], which summarized is as follows: Young subjects were imputed to have a more consistently negative view of old people.' By using a series of two precoded questionnaires that the subjects completed, an overview of staff attitudes towards the geriatric psychiatry areas was obtained. The hypothesis on which the study was based was as follows: that a negative view towards geriatric psychiatry would be found among the staff of the Murray Royal and Murthly Hospitals.' However, the findings of this study did not support the hypothesis on any counts and gave a highly positive attitude scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00290.x
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  • 6
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    Beef (1981)
    Canberra : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Quarterly review of the rural economy. 3:1 Supplement (1981:Feb.) 36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0156-7446
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Commodity outlook statements
    Notes: National Agricultural Outlook Conference: Canberra Theatre 27-29 January 1981
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:6017-1981-003-01-000038
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  • 7
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    Beef (1982)
    Canberra : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Quarterly review of the rural economy. 4:1 Supplement (1982:Feb.) 44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0156-7446
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: COMMODITY OUTLOOK STATEMENTS
    Notes: Papers presented to the NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK CONFERENCE 26-28 January 1982. Canberra Theatre
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:6017-1982-004-01-000037
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  • 8
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    Industry paper (1983)
    Canberra : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Quarterly review of the rural economy. 5:1 (1983:Mar.) 38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0156-7446
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: COMMODITY SESSIONS
    Abstract: Beef and veal
    Notes: Featuring Outlook '83
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:6017-1983-005-01-000018
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-molecular-weight carbohydrates in some salt-stressed plants (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 53 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A study was made of the effects of salinity on the concentrations of free sugars, glycinebetaine, proline and other chemical components of Aster tripolium L., Daucus carota L., Honkenya peploides (L.) Ehr. and Plantago coronopus L. (Dicotyledones); and Carex extensa Good., Eleocharis uniglumis (Link) Schutt., Juncus maritima Lam. and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmel.) Palla (Monocotyledones) grown in the laboratory. In Plantago coronopus the level of the polyol sorbitol increased when the plants were subjected to NaCl stress, while in Honkenya peploides the cyclitol pinitol accumulated. No consistent pattern emerged with respect to the changes in free sugar contents in either the monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous plants, though the monocotyledonous plants generally had higher sugar contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb05040.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmotic adaptation in Ulva lactuca under fluctuating salinity regimes (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 155 (1982), S. 409-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Dimethylsulphoniopropionate ; Osmotic adaptation ; Salinity (fluctuating) ; Ulva
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study has been made of the osmotic responses of the green intertidal alga, Ulva lactuca, under two fluctuating salinity regimes; sinusoidal and square-wave fluctuations between 30 and 100% sea water in a 12 h cycle. These regimes closely resemble the tidal fluctuation of salinity encountered by the alga in its natural estuarine habitat. Data on changes in the inorganic ions, potassium, sodium, chloride and sulphate; in the organic solute, dimethylsulphoniopropionate; in the total sugar levels and estimated osmotic and turgor pressures under the two salinity regimes are reported. Significant differences in the solute responses under these different conditions were detected. In general, better control of ion fluxes appeared to be exercised under the sinusoidal conditions which also buffered changes in dimethylsulphoniopropionate levels. Influxes of potassium were highly light-dependent. Chloride levels conspicuously failed to reach the steady-state levels in the 6-h-hyper-osmotic part of either the abrupt or gradual cycle. The possible significance of these data, which may better reflect osmotic changes in the natural environment, and some of the problems encountered, particularly in accounting for charge balance under some conditions, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394469
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