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  • 1975-1979  (20)
  • 1955-1959  (9)
  • 1830-1839
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (26)
  • Isoprenaline  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 303 (1978), S. 139-144 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: α-Adrenoceptors ; Renin ; Isoprenaline ; Tyramine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of the indirect sympathomimetic agent tyramine on the isoprenaline-induced increase in plasma renin concentration was investigated in conscious rats. Tyramine caused a dose-dependent decrease in the isoprenaline-induced elevation of plasma renin concentration. Pretreatment of the rats with reserpine abolished this effect of tyramine, indicating that tyramine released catecholamines which acted on the inhibitory adrenoceptors. Pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine, an α-adrenoceptor antagonist, also abolished the inhibitory effect of tyramine on renin release, indicating that α-adrenoceptors mediated the observed inhibition of renin release. In rats with chronically denervated kidneys tyramine did not inhibit renin release. It is concluded that catecholamines which are released from renal sympathetic nerve endings can suppress renin release by activating α-adrenoceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: α-Adrenoceptors ; Isoprenaline ; Renin ; Sympathetic nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The importance of the sympatho-adrenal system for the isoprenaline-induced increase in plasma renin concentration was investigated in conscious rats. Ganglionic blockade by trimethidinium (10 mg kg−1) increased the dose-dependent elevation of plasma renin concentration induced by isoprenaline (0.03–0.48 μg kg−1 min−1). Also treatment of the rats with guanethidine (6 mg kg−1) or reserpine (2.5 mg kg−1, given 16 and 7 h prior to the experiments) further increased the effect of isoprenaline (0.5 μg kg−1 min−1) on plasma renin concentration. Unilateral renal denervation combined with contralateral nephrectomy doubled the effect of the β-sympathomimetic amine on renin release. The α-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine (3 mg kg−1) also enhanced the effect of isoprenaline on this parameter. It is concluded that apart from a stimulation of renin release via β-adrenoceptors the sympathetic nervous system may inhibit renin release via stimulation of α-adrenoceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 290 (1975), S. 315-321 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Isoprenaline ; Renin ; Vasoconstrictors ; Macula densa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mechanism of the increase in plasma renin concentration caused by the β-sympathomimetic agent isoprenaline has been further investigated. Rats were pretreated by occluding the left renal artery for 2 hrs, thus rendering the macula densa cells of this kidney nonfunctioning. After contralateral nephrectomy infusion of isoprenaline (1.5 μg/kg min) still caused a strong increase in plasma renin concentration. This increase was significantly suppressed by simultaneous infusion of angiotensin II (1.0 μg/kg min), the α-sympathomimetic amine phenylephrine (60 μg/kg min) or octapressin (10 mU/kg min). The results exclude any mediator-role of the macula densa receptors in the isoprenaline-induced release of renin. The possibility of a stimulation of renin release via the baroreceptors or a direct “secretomotoric” action of isoprenaline is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 3397-3411 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Di-and Polyamino Sugars, XXI. Synthesis of Derivatives of 2,4-Diamino-2,3,4-trideoxy-D-ribo-hexoseStarting with D-glucose the title compound has been synthesized as its di-N-acetyl. -trifluoroacetyl and N,N′-bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) derivative. The free sugar could not be obtained in a pure state.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung wurde, ausgehend von D-Glucose, in Form ihres Di-N-acetyl-, -trifluoracetyl- und ihres N,N′-Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-Derivates erhalten. Reindarstellung des freien Zuckers gelang nicht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 3596-3610 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic Seven-membered Ring Compounds, XVI. Synthesis of 3,5-Substituted 4-Phenyl-1-benzothiepins4-Phenyl-1-benzothiepins 7 and 8 are synthesized starting from their 5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-precursor 2; using the 2,5-dihydro-intermediate 12 yields the 4-phenyl-1-benzothiepins 13 and 14. The 1-benzothiepin 17 can be obtained from the diketone 1 directly. The 3-cyano-substituted compound 22 is prepared from its 2,5-dihydro-precursor 21. Some ring-contraction and ring-cleavage reactions of the heterocyclic seven-membered ring-system are described.
    Notes: Die 5-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-Vorstufe 2 wird in die 4-Phenyl-1-benzothiepine 7 und 8 übergeführt; aus der 2,5-Dihydro-Vorstufe 12 werden die 4-Phenyl-1-benzothiepine 13 und 14 dargestellt. Das 1-Benzothiepin 17 wird direkt aus dem Siebenring-Diketon 1 erhalten. Das 3-cyan-substituierte 1-Benzothiepin 22 erhält man aus der 2,5-Dihydro-Vorstufe 21. Es werden einige Ringverengungsbzw. Ringspaltungsreaktionen des heterocyclischen Siebenring-Systems beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 2545-2560 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Modern Flow Reactor for Kinetic Measurements of Gasphase Thermal Rearrangements: Thermolysis Kinetics of Some New Small Ring CompoundsAn apparatus with a laminar flow reactor is introduced, which serves for kinetic measurements in the gas phase using rather small amounts (5-10mg) of compounds. Test runs for the well studied vinylcyclopropane rearrangement and the retro-Diels-Alder reaction of dicyclopentadiene demonstrate the reliability of the results thus obtained.  -  The thermolytic rearrangements of the following compounds were studied with this device: diademane (1), dispiro[2.0.2.4]deca-7,9-diene (3) including the formation of o-ethylstyrene (4) and tetrahydronaphthalene 5, 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-1,5-hexadiene (6), 1,4-bis(cyclopropylidene)butane (8), dispiro[cyclopropane-1,2′-bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane-3′,1″-cyclopropane] (10), 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.0]hexane (11) and 2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.0]hexane-3-spirocyclopropane (12). All these reactions followed first order rate laws with the following Arrhenius relationships: ln(k1) = 33.6 - 31600/RT, ln(k3) = 34.2 - 35500/RT, ln(k4) = 33.6 - 35100/RT, ln(k5) = 33.6 - 36000/RT, ln(k6) = 29.1 - 33300/RT, ln(k8) = 22.0 - 26200/RT, ln(k10) = 32.0 - 35200/RT, ln(k11) = 32.0 - 40900/RT, ln(k12) = 32.3 - 39400/RT. The kinetic isotope effects of 1.4 and 1.1 (at 175°C) for the formation of 4 and 5 respectively and the difference Ea4 - Ea5 ≈ 0.1-0.9 kcal/mol strongly favor a mechanism, by which 3 rearranges via a 1,6-diradical to yield 4 and 5 by intramolecular disproportionation and recombination, respectively.
    Notes: Für kinetische Messungen in der Gasphase wird eine Apparatur mit laminarem Strömungsreaktor vorgestellt, die mit sehr geringen Substanzmengen (5-10mg) auskommt. Testmessungen an der eingehend untersuchten Vinylcyclopropanumlagerung und der Retro-Diels-Alder-Reaktion des Dicyclopentadiens beweisen die Verläßlichkeit der gewonnenen Daten.  -  Mit der Apparatur wurden die Thermolysen von Diademan (1), Dispiro[2.0.2.4]deca-7,9-dien (3) einschließlich Bildung von o-Ethylstyrol (4) und Tetrahydronaphthalin (5), 3,3,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,5-hexadien (6), 1,4-Bis(cyclopropyliden)butan (8), Dispiro[cyclopropan-1,2′-bicyclo[2.2.0]hexan-3′,1″-cyclopropan] (10), 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.0]hexan (11) und 2,2-Dimethylbicyclo[2.2.0]-hexan-3-spirocyclopropan (12) untersucht. Alle Reaktionen verlaufen nach Zeitgesetzen erster Ordnung und ergeben die folgenden Arrhenius-Beziehungen: ln(k1) = 33.6 - 31600/RT, ln(k3) = 34.2 - 35500/RT, ln(k4) = 33.6 - 35100/RT, ln(k5) = 33.6 - 3600/RT, ln(k6) = 29.1 - 33300/RT, ln(k8) = 22.0 - 26200/RT, ln(k10) = 32.0 - 35200/RT, ln(k11) = 32.0 - 40900/RT, ln(k12) = 32.3 - 39400/RT. Die kinetischen Isotopieeffekte von 1.4 und 1.1 bei der Bildung von 4 bzw. 5 (gemessen bei 175°C) und die gefundene Differenz Ea4 - Ea5 ≈ 0.1-0.9 kcal/mol sprechen für einen Umlagerungsmechanismus von 3 über ein 1,6-Diradikal, das intramolekular disproportioniert und rekombiniert zu 4, bzw. 5.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 3325-3335 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Phosphorus-containing Carbohydrates, XVII: Studies on the Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Glycosylphosphonates. Anomeric Effect and A-Value of the Dimethylphosphono GroupBy hydrogenation unsaturated glycosylphosphonates of type 1 give rise to the formation of 2,3-dideoxyglycosylphosphonates 2 and 2,3,4-trideoxyglycosylphosphonates 3. Their product ratio depends on configuration and conformation of the educts 1a-f. 1H and 13H and 13C NMR data permit an assigment of the anomers of the hydrogenated glycosylphosphonates. For the one-bond coupling constant between 13C-1 and 31P the correlation 1JC, Peq 〉 1JC, Pax is valid, which exhibits a difference of 19-23 Hz. The unsaturated glycosylphosphonates show deviations from Hudson's isorotation rule. In dimethyl cis-4-methyl-1-cyclohexanephosphonate (9) the A-value of the dimethylphosphono group has been determined to 8.34 kJ/mol. The ratio of conformers in 3a leads to an anomeric effect of the dimethylphosphono group of 2.33 kJ/mol.
    Notes: Ungesättigte Glycosylphosphonate vom Typ 1 liefern bei der Hydrierung außer 2,3-Didesoxyglycosylphosphonaten 2 auch 2,3,4-Tridesoxyglycosylphosphonate 3. Das Produktverhältnis ist von Konfiguration und Konformation der Ausgangsprodukte 1a-f abhängig. 1H- und 13C-NMR-Daten erlauben eine Anomerenzuordnung der hydrierten Glycosylphosphonate. Für die 13C-31P-Direktkopplung an C-1 gilt 1JC, Peq 〉 1JC, Pax mit einer Differenz von 19-23 Hz. Die ungesättigten Glycosylphosphonate zeigen Abweichungen von der Hudsonschen Regel. Am Dimethyl-cis-4-methyl-1-cyclohexanphosphonat (9) wurde der A-Wert der Dimethylphosphono-Gruppe zu 8.34 kJ/mol bestimmt. Aus der Konformerenverteilung bei 3a ergibt sich der anomere Effekt der Dimethylphosphono-Gruppe zu 2.33 kJ/mol.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 2561-2573 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis, Chemical Properties and Thermal Rearrangement of Spiro[3,4]octa-5,7-dieneThe synthesis of spiro[3.4]octa-5,7-diene (2) was achieved along two routes starting from spiro-[3.4]octan-5-one (5). In both cases the last step was a dehydrohalogenation of the halospiro-[3.4]octenes 8b/9b and 11, respectively, which had to be carried out at room temperature, because 2 dimerizes about as fast as cyclopentadiene. It also underwent addition of maleic anhydride and 2-chloroacryloyl chloride to yield 13 and 14a respectively. 14a could be degraded to the bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-en-5-on-7-spirocyclobutane (15a), which served as a precursor to the hydrocarbon 17. Above 90°C 2 isomerizes to a mixture of bicyclo[3.3.0]octadienes 18a and 18b. This reaction followed a first order kinetics in the gas phase with the Arrhenius equation ln(k) = 31.7 - 29200/RT. These kinetic parameters are interpreted in terms of a sigmatropic [1,5]-alkyl shift.
    Notes: Die Synthese von Spiro[3.4]octa-5,7-dien (2) gelingt ausgehend von Spiro[3.4]octan-5-on (5) auf zwei Wegen. Bei beiden wird in der letzten Stufe eine Dehydrohalogenierung eines Halogenspiro[3.4]octens 8b/9b bzw. 11 bei Raumtemperatur vorgenommen, weil 2 bei höheren Temperaturen ähnlich schnell dimerisiert wie 1,3-Cyclopentadien. Ebenso addiert es leicht Maleinsäureanhydrid und 2-Chloracryloylchlorid zu 13 bzw. 14a. 14a läßt sich zum Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-en-5-on-7-spirocyclobutan (15a) abbauen, aus dem der Kohlenwasserstoff 17 zugänglich ist. Oberhalb von 90°C isomerisiert 2 zu einem Gemisch der Bicyclo[3.3.0]octadiene 18a und 18b. Die Kinetik dieser Reaktion in der Gasphase zeigt einen Verlauf erster Ordnung und folgt dem Arrhenius-Ansatz ln(k) = 31.7 - 29200/RT. Daraus ist für den Mechanismus auf eine konzertierte [1,5]-Alkylverschiebung zu schließen.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Optically Active, Aromatic Spiranes, 5. Stereochemistry of Metallocenes, 39. An Universal Method for the Preparation, and Determination of the Absolute Configuration and Enantiomeric Purity of Chiral 2,2′-SpirobiindanesFrom optically active tricarbonyl(1-oxoindane)chromium complexes 1 of known configuration and enantiomeric purity by reaction with phthalaldehydic esters 2 and hydrogenation of the benzal derivatives 4 chiral key compounds 5 and 6 for the preparation of 2,2′-spirobiindan-1,1′-diones are obtained. Cyclization of 6 yields diastereomers (cis- and trans-7) which after mild removal of Cr(CO)3 afford the enantiomeric biindanones 8 from which 2,2′-spirobiindanes 9 are accessible. Chiralities and enantiomeric purities of all spiranes can easily be deduced from those of the indanones 1. This universal principle is presented for several methyl- and methoxy-2,2′-spirobiindan-1,1′-diones and -biindanes.
    Notes: Aus optisch aktiven Tricarbonyl(1-oxoindan)chrom-Komplexen 1 bekannter Konfiguration und enantiomerer Reinheit werden durch Umsetzung mit Phthalaldehydsäureestern 2 und Hydrierung der Benzalderivate 4 chirale Schlüsselverbindungen 5 bzw. 6 zur Darstellung von 2,2′-Spirobiindan-1,1′-dionen erhalten. Ringschluß von 6 führt zu Diastereomeren (cis- und trans-7), die nach schonender Abspaltung von Cr(CO)3 die enantiomeren Biindanone 8 liefern, aus denen die 2,2′-Spirobiindane 9 zugänglich sind. Chiralität und enantiomere Reinheit aller Spirane folgen aus jenen der eingesetzten Indanone 1. Dieses universelle Prinzip wird anhand einiger Methyl- und Methoxy-2,2y-spirobiindan-1,1′-dione und -biindane präsentiert.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 3538-3542 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Not mentioned2a-d, easily produced from the N-alkyl-N-phenylhydrazines 1a-d and 2-oxoglutaric acid, are decarboxylated to the compounds 4a-d in high yields. 2a is reduced to the 2,3-dihydro compound 3a and reacts via the amide 5a to the 5-thiocyanato derivative 6a.
    Notes: Contributions to the Chemistry of Indole, VIII. Decarboxylations of Some 1-Alkyl-2-carboxy-3-indolacetic Acids and Synthesis of a 5-Thiocyanato-2,3-dihydroindole-d, leicht darstellbar aus N-Alkyl-N-phenylhydrazin und 2-Oxoglutarsäure, werden mit hoher Ausbeute zu 4a-d decarboxyliert. 2a wird zum Dihydroindol 3a reduziert und über das Amid 5a zum 5-Thiocyanatoderivat 6a umgesetzt.
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