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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 21 (1967), S. 49-70 
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 205 (1965), S. 308-308 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] 14C-PHBA is prepared using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Chemolithotrophically grown cells8 are gathered, washed, and suspended (0.5 mg dry weight/ml.) in a nitrogen-free mineral medium. From this suspension 100 ml. are pipetted into the 2 1. round flask and stirred at a temperature of 30 O. After ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 52 (1965), S. 667-668 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 54 (1967), S. 374-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 205 (1965), S. 308-309 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During growth, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are consumed in the ratio of 8 : 3 : 1. Bacteria grown under these conditions can withstand a very high partial pressure of oxygen and contain very little reserve material (poly-b-hydroxybutyric acid). Since hydrogen and oxygen are directly ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 554-555 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mutanten eines Bodenbakteriums (Hydrogenomonas H 16), welche Poly-β-hydroxybuttersäure-Granula nicht zu synthetisieren und anzuhäufen vermögen, wurden isoliert. Anreicherungs- und Selektionsverfahren zur Isolierung solcher Mutanten werden beschrieben und die physiologischen Eigenschaften der isolierten Mutanten charakterisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 67 (1969), S. 110-127 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Rohextrakten aus Hydrogenomonas H 16 und davon abgeleiteten Mutanten wurden die regulatorischen Eigenschaften der Threonin-Desaminase und der Acetohydroxysäure-Synthase untersucht. 1. Die Aktivität der Threonin-Desaminase wurde nach zwei Verfahren im zusammengesetzten optischen Test an der NADH2-Oxydation gemessen: durch Umsetzung des entstehenden Ammoniaks mit Glutamat-Dehydrogenase zu Glutamat und durch Reduktion des entstehenden α-Ketobutyrats durch Lactat-Dehydrogenase zu α-Hydroxybutyrat. Das pH-Optimum liegt in Tris-Puffer bei pH 9,0. Die Desaminierungsreaktion wird bereits durch 0,3 mM L-Isoleucin vollständig gehemmt. Die Hemmung läßt sich durch L-Valin teilweise aufheben. Die Substrat-(Threonin)-Sättigungskurve hat paraboloiden, in Gegenwart von Isoleucin (0,05 mM) sigmoiden Verlauf. Der Hill-Koeffizient beträgt in Abwesenheit des Inhibitors n=1,1 und in Gegenwart von Isoleucin n=2,4 (pH 8,3). 2. Von einer isoleucin-auxotrophen Mutante, deren Threonin-Desaminase defekt ist, wurde eine prototrophe Revertante isoliert, die Isoleucin ausscheidet. Die Threonin-Desaminase dieser Mutante unterscheidet sich vom Wildtypenzym durch eine verminderte Affinität für Isoleucin; halbmaximale Hemmung erfolgt bei 2,5 mM Isoleucin gegenüber 0,2 mM beim Wildtypenzym. 3. Die Acetohydroxysäur-Synthase wird bei pH 9,0, dem pH-Optimum der katalytischen Aktivität, durch L-Valin zu 25% gehemmt; bei pH 7,4 bewirken 0,1 mM L-Valin eine 50%ige Hemmung. Die Hemmung ist spezifisch; L-Isoleucin und L-Leucin bewirken weder eine Aktivitätsminderung, noch wirken sie antagonistisch. 4. Während des Wachstums einer isoleucin-valin-auxotrophen Mutante im Chemostaten werden bei Wachstumsbegrenzung durch L-Valin beide Enzyme, die Threonin-Desaminase und die Acetohydroxysäure-Synthase, dereprimiert gebildet. Wachstumsbegrenzung durch Isoleucin führt zur Derepression der Bildung der Threonin-Desaminase.
    Notes: Summary Threonine desaminase and acetohydroxyacid synthase in cell-free extracts of Hydrogenomonas H 16 and mutants derived therefrom have been studied with respect to their regulatory properties. 1. The activity of threonine desaminase has been determined employing two combined optical tests using the oxidation of NADH2 as indicator system: by trapping the ammonia produced through glutamate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate and by reducing the α-ketobutyrate produced through lactate dehydrogenase. Optimum pH has been found to be 9.0 in tris-buffer. The desaminase reaction is completely inhibited already by 0.3 mM L-isoleucine. The inhibition is partially relieved by L-valine. The substrate (threonine) saturation curve has paraboloid shape; in the presence of isoleucine (0.05 mM) its shape is sigmoid. The Hill-coefficient in the absence of the inhibitor is n=1.1 and in the presence of L-isoleucine is n=2.4 (pH 8.3). 2. A prototrophic revertant has been isolated from an isoleucine requiring mutant defective in threonine desaminase. This revertant excretes isoleucine. The threonine desaminase of this revertant differs from the wildtype enzyme by a diminished affinity for isoleucine; half maximal inhibition occurs at 2.6 mM isoleucine in contrast to 0.2 mM at the wildtype enzyme. 3. The acetohydroxyacid synthase has its pH optimum at 9.0. At this pH the inhibition by L-valine amounts to 25%. At pH 7.4 a 50% inhibition was observed at a 0.1 mM concentration of valine. By varying the magnesium concentration an 80% inhibition was observed at 0.2 mM valine. The sensitivity of the enzyme is specific for L-valine; L-isoleucine and L-leucine neither decrease the activity nor act antagonistically. 4. When an isoleucine-valine-auxotrophic mutant was grown in a chemostat and when growth was limited by the concentration of valine, the formation of both enzymes, threonine desaminase and acetohydroxyacid synthase, became derepressed. When growth was limited by the concentration of isoleucine only threonine desaminase became derepressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 79 (1971), S. 204-219 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Rohextrakte und teilweise gereinigte Enzympräparate aus Hydrogenomonas eutropha Stamm H 16 wurden auf die Enzyme der Carboxylierung von Pyruvat und Phosphoenolpyruvat geprüft. Zur Bestimmung der Enzymaktivitäten wurden radiometrische Methoden unter Verwendung von 14C-Bicarbonat angewandt, da optische Tests auf Grund hoher Aktivitäten von NADH-Oxydase zu unbefriedigenden Ergebnissen führten. 2. Die Geschwindigkeiten der CO2-Fixierung in den verschiedenen experimentellen Ansätzen sind vom Wachstumssubstrat der Zellen (Fructose, Lactat, Succinat und Wasserstoff + Kohlendioxyd) abhängig. 3. Die Aktivitäten der Phosphoenolpyruvat-Carboxykinase und Phosphoenolpyruvat-Carboxylase sind hoch. Die Aktivität des letztgenannten Enzyms ließ sich durch Zusatz von Acetyl-Coenzym A auf das 4–5 fache erhöhen. 4. Das Vorhandensein einer biotin-abhängigen Pyruvat-Carboxylase ließ sich ausschließen; unter den angewandten experimentellen Bedingungen wurde das Enzym in Extrakten aus Hefe ohne Schwierigkeit nachgewiesen. 5. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die bisher an autotrophen Mikroorgnismen durchgeführten Untersuchungen dieses Stoffwechselzweigs diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary 1. Crude extracts and partially purified enzyme preparations obtained from Hydrogenomonas eutropha strain H 16 have been tested for enzymes carboxylating pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Radiometric methods employing 14C-bicarbonate have been used for the determination of enzyme activities; due to the presence of high activities of NADH oxidase coupled optical tests were unsatisfactory. 2. The rates of carbon dioxide fixation are dependent on the growth substrate of the cells (fructose, lactate, succinate, and hydrogen + carbon dioxide). 3. The activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase are high. By acetyl coenzyme A the latter enzyme was stimulated by a factor of four or five. 4. The presence of a biotin dependent pyruvate carboxylase could be excluded, while under the same experimental conditions this enzyme could be determined in yeast. 5. The results are discussed with respect to similar investigations in other autotrophic microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 79 (1971), S. 220-230 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zellfreie Extrakte aus Hydrogenomonas eutropha Stamm H 16 katalysieren die Biosynthese von Phosphoenolpyruvat aus Pyruvat und Adenosintriphosphat. Unter identischen Bedingungen erfolgte diese Synthese auch durch Extrakte aus Escherichia coli. Das Reaktionsprodukt Phosphoenolpyruvat wurde durch Papierchromatographie, durch Anwendung von radioaktivem Pyruvat und durch einen gekoppelten enzymatischen Test unter Einsatz eines gereinigten Präparates von 3-Desoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonsäure-7-phosphat Synthase, AMP wurde als zweites Produkt der PEP-Synthasereaktion nachgewiesen. Die Versuchsergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, daß der Stamm H 16 über ein Enzym verfügt, welches Pyruvat direkt phosphoryliert.
    Notes: Summary Crude extracts from Hydrogenomonas eutropha strain H 16 catalyze the biosynthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate and adenosine triphosphate. Under identical conditions extracts from Escherichia coli synthesized phosphoenol-pyruvate from pyruvate also. The reaction product phosphoenolpyruvate has been identified by paper chromatography, by employing radioactive pyruvate and by a coupled enzyme assay, using a purified preparation of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulonic acid-7-phosphate synthase. AMP has been found as the second product of the PEP-synthase reaction. From these results it is concluded that strain H 16 contains an enzyme phosphorylating pyruvate directly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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