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  • 1970-1974  (8)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 30 (1970), S. 353-366 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Application of 50–100 μg/ml of compound 48/80 induces vacuolation of the cytoplasma of rabbit kidney cell cultures. These vacuoles originate from activated lysosomes. Comparison of structure analoges of the monomer of compound 48/80 with compound 48/80 and Resochin® in respect to the inhibition of giant cell formation, activation of lysosomes and release of histamine indicate that induction of these phenomena depend on the drug concentration used: Resochin® activates lysosomes already at a concentration of 1 μg/ml, whereas 50 μg/ml are necessary to inhibit the formation of giant cells. Resochin never stimulates the release of histamine. With compound 48/80, however, release of histamine has been demonstrated at a concentration of 0.1 μg/ml, inhibition of giant cell formation at 10 μg/ml and activation of lysosomes at 50 μg/ml. These data suggest that in respect to the three phenomena the compounds probably are characterized by different reaction mechanisms. Lysosomal enzymes do not induce the herpesvirus-induced giant cell formation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach Anwendung von 50 bis 100 μg Compound 48/80 pro ml treten im Zytoplasma von Kaninchennierenzellen Vacuolen auf. Sie gehen durch Autolyse aus den aktivierten Lysosomen hervor. Vergleichsuntersuchungen mit Strukturverwandten des Monomers von Compound 48/80 und mit Resochin® hinsichtlich der Hemmung der Riesenzellbildung, der Aktivierung der Lysosomen und der histaminfreisetzenden Wirkung haben ergeben, daß die drei genannten Phänomene bei unterschiedlichen Schwellenkonzentrationen ausgelöst werden. Resochin® aktiviert die Lysosomen schon in einer Konzentration von 1 μg/ml, während die Riesenzellbildung erst bei 50 μg/ml blockiert wird. Histamin wird nicht freigesetzt. Demgegenüber setzt Compound 48/80 Histamin schon in einer Konzentration von 0,1 μg/ml frei, die Riesenzellbildung wird mit 10 μg/ml blockiert, und die Lysosomen werden mit 50 μg/ml aktiviert. Aus den Befunden wird gefolgert, daß die drei genannten Phänomene auf unterschiedlichen Wirkungen der jeweils angewandten Substanz beruhen. Die herpesbedingte Riesenzellbildung wird nicht durch lysosomale Enzyme hervorgerufen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paper describes experiments about the degree of dependency of capsid, envelope and antigen synthesis byherpesvirus hominis upon viral DNA synthesis. The DNA synthesis has been blocked by different doses of Ara-C and the remnant DNA-synthesis has been measured by [3H]-thymidine incorporation after CsCl-density gradient centrifugation. Electron microscopic studies were done in parallel after incubation of infected cells with different doses of Ara-C. Finally, antigens were prepared after infection without and with added Ara-C. Increasing amounts of Ara-C inhibited the synthesis of viral DNA and infective particles. 1.5 μg Ara-C reduced the remaining incorporation into DNA to about less than one per cent. In contrast, by electron microscopy considerable amounts of particle synthesis takes place and absorbing capacity for neutralizing antibodies can be observed. Only 15 μg completely prevents the particle synthesis. The same amount completely prevents the synthesis of neutralizing antibody-absorbing capacity. Despite this, the synthesis of membrane bound antigens is not reduced as evidenced by immun-adherence-hemadsorption. It has been concluded that capsid and envelope synthesis is dependent upon viral DNA synthesis. This means, they both may be considered as late proteins. Membrane antigens, by contrast, are to be considered as early antigens. The particle synthesis as shown by ultrathin sections and of absorbing capacity despite complete lack of [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA under 1.5 μg per ml of Ara-C is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 156 (1971), S. 272-283 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird über die Ursache einer „unspezifischen“ Reaktion (background) berichtet, die bei der Durchführung der Immunadhärenz-Hämadsorption und der Immunadhärenz-Reaktion auftritt. Sie wird in den Antigen-Komplement- und Komplement-Kontrollen beobachtet. In einigen Zellarten stört sie die Ablösung der Immunadhärenz-Hämadsorption beträchtlich. Sie wird bei Verwendung von Meerschweinchen-, Hamster- und Menschenkomplement beobachtet. Entsprechende Versuche haben gezeigt, daß die C-Faktoren C1, C4, C2 und C3 verantwortlich sind. Unerkannte Antikörper z. B. vom Typ der Isoagglutinine, als Ursache dieses Störphänomens, ließen sich durch Absorptionsversuche ausschließen. Es wird die Möglichkeit diskutiert, daß gewisse Receptoren auf der Zelloberfläche existieren, die die Anlagerung und Aktivierung von Komplement ohne Anwesenheit von Antikörpern gestatten.
    Notes: Summary It is reported about the cause of a “nonspecific” reaction (background) which appears in performing the Immune Adherence Hemadsorption and the Immune Adherence Reaction. This background is observed in the antigen-complement and the complement controls. With some cell types it considerably disturbs the evaluation of the tests. This phenomenon can be observed after using complement of different species. The experiments have shown that the C-factors C1, C4, C2 and C3 are involved. Unrecognized antibodies could be excluded by absorption experiments. It is discussed that certain “receptors” on the surface of cultured cells could activate complement despite complete lack of antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 46 (1974), S. 127-139 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tritium-labelled Compound 48/80 is strongly bound by herpesvirus-infected and noninfected cells. Its potency to inhibit lecithine-biosynthesis decreases in time, despite it remains bound to cells. Cpd 48/80 and the dimer have proven to be inhibitors of choline kinase (E.C.2.7.1.32). This effect is small with respect to its potency of overall inhibition of lecithine-biosynthesis. Therefore, it is assumed that it inhibits further the choline transport through the membranes. The dimer of Cpd 48/80 exclusively inhibits lipid-biosynthesis, but does not affect giant cell formation suggesting that “receptors” for the dimer and Cpd 48/80 differ perhaps in size. There is no evidence, therefore, that lipid-biosynthesis is an essential requirement for giant cell formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 46 (1974), S. 140-147 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Choline kinase has been found to be a soluble enzyme with a molecular weight of 105,000 in the cytoplasm of primary rabbit kidney cells. It has been purified 150-fold. It was investigated whether the inhibiting effect of Cpd 48/80 on virus-induced giant cell formation is due to interference with this enzyme. Cpd 48/80-dimer was shown to inhibit the choline kinase activityin vitro without a concomitant inhibition of giant cell formation. Likewise, another competitive inhibitor of choline kinase, purinyl-6-histamine, does not prevent giant cell formation. This finding suggests that there is no correlation between choline kinase activity and giant cell formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 38 (1972), S. 56-66 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Data are presented about the activity of the thymidine-, uridine- and choline-kinase after infection with 21 strains ofherpesvirus hominis of serotype I or II in rabbit kidney cells. Type I strains increase the activity of the thymidine-kinase 15–20 fold over the controls, whereas the type II strains demonstrate a moderate activity, the level of the enzyme is increased 2–5 fold. One giant cell forming strain exhibits unusual properties, the TK activity decreases in correlation to the controls. The uridine- and choline-kinases induce the respective enzymes in different manner. The strains tested are divided into 5 groups depending upon the activity of the enzymatic activity. The implications of the results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 40 (1973), S. 205-214 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The biosynthesis of herpesvirus DNA in rabbit kidney cells is inhibited to 50% by PEA (2-Phenylethanol) at 0.65 mg PEA/ml. The inhibition of cellular DNA synthesis in uninfected cells by PEA is about twice as sensitive as that of viral DNA synthesis. The cellular DNA-dependent DNA polymerase is inhibited in a non-competitive way. The 50% inhibitory concentration amounts to 0.8 mg PEA/ml. In contrast the herpesvirus induced DNA-dependent DNA polymerase is 10-fold more resistant towards PEA. It is assumed that, contrary to the synthesis of cellular DNA, the PEA induced inhibition of viral DNA synthesis is not caused by an inhibition of the virus-induced DNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 42 (1973), S. 278-284 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this paper we report on a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase produced in herpesvirus infected cells which is not present in virions. It differs from the polymerases of noninfected cells by its molecular weight as well as by its insensitivity to cytosine arabinoside triphosphate (ara-CTP).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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