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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The etiology of urolithiasis in udaipur (Western Part of India) (1986)
    Springer
    Urological research 14 (1986), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Stone formers ; Urolithiasis ; Stone inhibitors ; Hyperoxaluria ; Stone analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fifty-two cases of urinary tract calculus disease were investigated for dietary habits, routine chemical and microscopic urinalysis, bacterial culture, quantitative analysis of 24 h urine sample and qualitative analysis of the stones. 54 out of the 56 stones analysed were of mixed type. Magnesium ammonium phosphate was present in 78.2% stones. Dietary habits revealed principal dependence on cereals, lack of animal proteins, consumption of oxalate rich vegetables and widespread consumption of tea. Urinary tract infection was present in 63.7% of the cases. Significant calcium oxalate crystalluria (2+ to 4+) was present in 34.6% of the cases. Hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria associated with hyperoxaluria-lower excretion of magnesium and citric acid were important urinary risk factors in the local population. These observations strongly suggest the multifactorial etiology of stone disease in this region. Imbalanced nutrition and urinary tract infection were the principal risk factors for urolithiasis in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257889
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrition and urinary calcium stone formation in northwestern India: a case control study (1996)
    Springer
    Urological research 24 (1996), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Hyperoxaluria ; Nephrolithiasis ; Diet ; Hypercalciuric ; Tribal population
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The nutrient intake of 69 stone formers (SFs) from three subsets of the local population (urban 22, rural tribal 22 and rural nontribal 25) and 69 age, sex, weight and socioeconomically matched control subjects (NSs) (urban 20, rural tribal 22 and rural nontribal 27) was studied. Simultaneously their timed 24-h urine samples collected over a similar period were analyzed. In general caloric and protein intake was low in all the groups but was strikingly low in the rural subjects. Intake of all nutrients was lowest in the tribal group. Although no difference was observed in diet between NSs and SFs in the same population subjects, SFs had higher urinary excretion of oxalic acid and calcium and lower excretion of citric acid and excreted more saturated urine. Notably magnesium intake was normal in both NSs and SFs, but mean excretion of magnesium was lower than normal in all the groups, suggesting its defective absorption. The influence of dietary intake of protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, calcium and oxalic acid on urinary excretion of calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and citric acid was examined using the chi-square test. No association was observed, thus suggesting that this low nutrient intake did not influence the lithogenic process. Thus, the overall observations suggest: (a) poor nutrition, (b) no effect of diet on urinary stone disease, (c) no difference in the nutrient intake between NSs and SFs and (d) a higher excretion of promoters and a lower excretion of inhibitors in SFs than in NSs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304077
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and acetylene reduction activity ofAzolla caroliniana Willd. as influenced by split applications of urea fertilizer and their response on rice yield (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 18 (1988), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Azolla caroliniana ; N2-fixation ; rice yield ; crop N uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Experiment with different split applications of 40 kg N ha−1 of urea (U) at transplanting:30 days after transplanting:40 days before crop maturity with different proportions of 50:25:25, 25:50:25 and 0:50:50 splits, with and without Azolla, carried out for two consecutive seasons, revealed that fresh weight (FW), N2-fixation measured by acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and N yield of newly introducedAzolla caroliniana were higher with 0:50:50 treatment followed by 25:50:25 and 50:25:25.Azolla was unincorporated and left for self decomposition. The crop yield (grain yield, straw yield) and crop N uptake data indicated that among the no Azolla treatments, the use of 50:25:25 split resulted in highest crop yield and crop N uptake followed by 25:50:25 and 0:50:50 treatments, while these parameters recorded maximum value with 25:50:25 split in combination with Azolla followed by 50:25:25 and 0:50:50 treatments. The use of Azolla increased crop yield and crop N uptake significantly over no Azolla treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049513
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Azolla management on the growth, yield of rice and soil fertility (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 102 (1987), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla pinnata ; dual cropping ; N2-fixation ; spacing ; rice yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment conducted at Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, during three successive seasons showed that with the 120-day-duration variety Ratna two dual crops ofAzolla pinnata R. Brown (Bangkok isolate) could be achieved 25 and 50 days after transplanting (DAT) by inoculating 2.0 t ha−1 of fresh Azolla 10 and 30 DAT respectively. One basal crop of Azolla could also be grown using the same inoculum 20 days before transplanting (DBT) in fallow rice fields. The three crops of Azolla grown—once before transplanting and twice after transplanting—gave an average total biomass of 38–63 and 43–64 t ha−1 fresh Azolla containing 64–90 and 76–94 kg N ha−1 respectively in the square and rectangular spacings. Two crops of Azolla grown only as a dual crop, on the other hand, gave 26–39 and 29–41 t ha−1 fresh Azolla which contained 44–61 and 43–59 kg N ha−1 respectively. Growth and yield of rice were significantly higher in Azolla basal plus Azolla dual twice incorporated treatments than in the Azolla dual twice incorporation, Azolla basal plus 30 kg N ha−1 urea and 60 kg N ha−1 urea treatments. Azolla basal plus 30 kg N ha−1 urea and 60 kg N ha−1 urea showed similar yields but Azolla dual twice incorporation was significantly lower than those. The different spacing with same plant populations did not affect growth and yield significantly, whereas Azolla growth during dual cropping was 8.3 and 64% more in the rectangular spacing than in the square spacing in Azolla basal plus Azolla dual twice incorporation and Azolla dual twice incorporation treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370898
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-barrier fission of the system12C+232Th (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 351 (1995), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.85 Ge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fission fragment angular distributions for the system12C +232Th have been measured in the energy range 0.97〈Ec.m./VB〈1.22. The measured anisotropies have been compared with the predictions of the standard saddle point statistical model, using the second moment of the compound nucleus spin distribution 〈l2〉 deduced from a Wong model fit to the fission excitation function. While the measured anisotropies agree with the standard saddle point statistical model for Ec.m./VB〉1.05, they are abnormally large at lower energies. This is also true for the existing measurements of16O and19F +232Th systems. Since for this system pre-equilibrium fission contributions are not expected, this anomaly indicates strong channel coupling effects leading to an increase in 〈l2〉 at sub-barrier energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289529
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of varying periods of inoculation ofAzolla pinnata R. Brown on its growth, nitrogen fixation and response to rice crop (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 98 (1987), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azolla pinnata ; Inoculation ; Intercropping ; N2-fixation ; Rice yield ; Rice N-uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Inoculation of water fernAzolla pinnata R. Brown (Bangkok isolate) at the rate of 500kg fresh weight ha−1 in rice fields at weekly intervals after planting in addition to 30 kg N ha−1 as urea showed a decrease in its growth and N2-fixation with delay in application. Use of Azolla up to 3 weeks after planting (WAP) during wet and 4 WAP during dry season produced significantly more grain yield than 30 kg N ha−1, whereas its application upto one WAP produced more grain yield than 60 kg N ha−1. Grain yield with Azolla applied at the time of planting was similar to that of 60 kg N treatment during the wet season. Higher grain yields in zero and one WAP Azolla treatments resulted due to increase in both number of panicles m−2 and number of grains/panicle while the subsequent Azolla inoculations increased grain yield mainly by producing more number of grains/panicle. Dry matter and total N yields at maturity of rice crop were more with Azolla application upto 3 WAP during wet and 2 WAP during dry season while the reduction in sterility (%) was observed upto one WAP over 30 kg N ha−1 during both seasons. Number of tillers m−2 and dry matter production at maximum tillering and flowering were more than 30 kg N ha−1 with the use of Azolla upto one WAP. Increased grain N yield was observed with the use of Azolla upto 4 WAP during two seasons whereas straw N yield increased upto one WAP during wet and 2 WAP during dry season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374829
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