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  • Chemistry  (10)
  • Auditory cortex  (2)
  • Engineering  (2)
  • skeletal muscle  (2)
  • 32P-postlabelling  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): Key words31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; skeletal muscle ; glucose metabolism ; fetal growth ; programming.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Thinness at birth is associated with insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in adult life. As muscle is an important site of insulin resistance, and because thin babies have reduced muscle mass, thinness at birth may affect muscle structure and function and impair carbohydrate metabolism. We have therefore used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the bioenergetics of gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in 16 normoglycaemic women who had a low (≤ 23 kg/m3) and 9 women who had a high (〉 23 kg/m3) ponderal index at birth. In the flexor digitorum superficialis study anaerobic metabolism was stressed with a constant heavy workload. Low ponderal index subjects fatigued more rapidly (3.3 vs 5.8 min); as phosphocreatine decreased, the accompanying drop in muscle pH was less than in the high ponderal index group. In the first minute of exercise phosphocreatine fell and adenosine diphosphate rose more rapidly (p = 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Gastrocnemius showed a similar trend late in exercise (this exercise was more oxidative, becoming more anaerobic with increasing workload). These changes were not explained by differences in body composition, muscle mass or blood flow. The findings are consistent with a decreased lactic acid and glycolytic adenosine triphosphate production in the low ponderal index group and suggest the possibility that the mechanisms which control substrate utilisation and metabolism in adult life be programmed during prenatal life. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1205–1212]
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Schlagwort(e): 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; skeletal muscle ; glucose metabolism ; fetal growth ; programming
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Thinness at birth is associated with insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in adult life. As muscle is an important site of insulin resistance, and because thin babies have reduced muscle mass, thinness at birth may affect muscle structure and function and impair carbohydrate metabolism. We have therefore used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the bioenergetics of gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in 16 normoglycaemic women who had a low (≤ 23 kg/m3) and 9 women who had a high (〉23 kg/m3) ponderal index at birth. In the flexor digitorum superficialis study anaerobic metabolism was stressed with a constant heavy workload. Low ponderal index subjects fatigued more rapidly (3.3 vs 5.8 min); as phosphocreatine decreased, the accompanying drop in muscle pH was less than in the high ponderal index group. In the first minute of exercise phosphocreatine fell and adenosine diphosphate rose more rapidly (p=0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Gastrocnemius showed a similar trend late in exercise (this exercise was more oxidative, becoming more anaerobic with increasing workload). These changes were not explained by differences in body composition, muscle mass or blood flow. The findings are consistent with a decreased lactic acid and glycolytic adenosine triphosphate production in the low ponderal index group and suggest the possibility that the mechanisms which control substrate utilisation and metabolism in adult life be programmed during prenatal life.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Auditory cortex ; Single neurones ; FM tones
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the primary auditory cortex of cats anaesthetized with nitrous oxide, single neurones were examined with respect to their responses to tone bursts and linear modulations of the frequency of an on-going continuous tone. Using FM ramps of 2.0 kHz excursion and varying centre frequency, each of 39 neurones was examined for its preference for the direction of frequency change of a ramp whose centre frequency was varied in and around the neurone's response area. Direction preference was strictly associated with the slopes of the cell's spike count-versus-frequency function over the frequency range covered by the ramp. Preferences for upward- and downward-directed ramps were associated with the low- and high-frequency slopes of the spike count function, respectively. The strength of the cell's direction preference was associated with the relative steepness of the spike count function over the frequency range covered by the ramp. The timing of discharges elicited by the frequency modulations was found to be the sum of the cell's latent period for tone bursts plus the time after ramp onset that the stimulus frequency fell within the neurone's response area. The implications of these data for the processing of narrow and broad frequency-modulated ramps are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 67 (1987), S. 479-492 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Auditory cortex ; Single neurons ; AM tones ; Rate intensity function ; Complex stimuli
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Single neurons in the auditory cortex of anesthetized cats were examined quantitatively for their sensitivity to the sound pressure level of characteristic frequency (CF) tone pulses, and to 6 dB, linear modulations in the amplitude of a continuous CF carrier tone. The direction and rate of amplitude modulation (AM), and the carrier level on which it was imposed, were manipulated parametrically. Studied with amplitude modulations, the majority of neurons responded only to intensity increments. The minimum carrier level upon which an amplitude modulation was able to evoke spike discharges was typically comparable to the tone pulse threshold SPL. For many neurons, an “intensity increment response area”, i.e., the domain of AM rate and carrier level conjunctions within which a 6 dB AM was able to evoke discharges, could be delimited. For many neurons, preferred rate of AM drifted from high to low with increases in the carrier level on which the modulation was imposed. The most vigorous responses to AM stimuli often occurred when the carrier levels were associated with the rising slope or the peak of the tone pulse rate intensity function. It may be possible to understand the general form of AM response areas in terms of short-term adaptation, the disposition of excitatory and inhibitory tone pulse response areas, and the spectra of the AM stimuli used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 62 (1990), S. 467-470 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): PAH ; White blood cell ; DNA adducts ; 32P-postlabelling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary White blood cell DNA adducts were measured in coke workers, local controls and countryside controls using the 32P-postlabelling technique. The method detected aromatic adducts including those formed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Coke workers are heavily exposed to PAHs particularly when working at the batteries. A difference in adduct levels was noted between the coke workers at the battery as compared to other jobs. The adduct levels in the non-battery were higher than those in the countryside controls.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 3049-3058 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Bei der elektro- oder fotochemisch initiierten Polymerisation von N,N′-(4,4′-sulfonyldiphenylen)dimaleinsäureimid (4) in Gegenwart von Zinkdibromid und Toluol nehmen die Umsätze linear mit der Bestrahlungs- oder Stromeinwirkungszeit zu. Der Reaktionsmechanismus scheint in einer 2π+2π-Cycloaddition zu bestehen, welcher zu einer Elektro- oder Photo-Kondensation von 4 führt.
    Notizen: A study has been made of the electro- and photo-initiated polymerization of N,N′-(4,4′-sulfonyldiphenylene)dimaleimide (4) in the presence of zinc dibromide and toluene. Product yields were linearly dependent on the photo irradiation or current passage times. The reaction mechanism appears to be a 2π+2π cycloaddition resulting in the electro or photo condensation of 4.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 519-528 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A computer orientated method is presented which generates meshes of triangular elements in plane and curved surfaces. Depending on geometrical and material variations, the region to be discretized is divided into a number of four sided zones. By using curvi-linear co-ordinate systems, nodes within and on the boundary of each zone are automatically positioned and referenced to a global Cartesian co-ordinate system. Elements are automatically assembled from these nodes. Input data is required to specify the positions and material properties of each zone and how they are connected. Examples are given which illustrate the range of meshes that can be generated. Extension of the method to generate three-dimensional tetrahedral elements is indicated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 8 (1974), S. 914-916 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The paper shows a procedure for estimating the shape parameter of a Gamma distribution from a sample. This procedure uses a rapidly converging iteration to solve the maximum-likelihood equation and suggests a simple formula for determing the starting value.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 319-330 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Measurements are reported on the acoustic attenuation and velocity of dry and wet samples of poly(methyl methacrylate) over a temperature range of 5° to 70°C and over a frequency range of 5 to 35 MHz. Lowering of the glass transition temperature with increase in water content was reflected in an increase in the acoustic attenuation and a lowering of the velocity at high temperature. Comparison of the infrared spectra of wet and dry thin films indicates that water exhibits spectroscopic characteristics of isolated rather than highly clustered molecules. A study of the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of water into the polymer matrix provided an activation energy for the migration process. The data suggest that water plasticizes poly(methyl methacrylate) via specific local interactions with the backbone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 8 (1966), S. 456-460 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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