Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • ADH  (2)
  • Ca2+ transport  (2)
  • Calcitonin  (2)
  • Heterogeneity of Nephron Function  (2)
  • Kidney Tubules  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Brattleboro ; Antidiuretic hormone ; Calcitonin ; Parathyroid hormone ; Glucagon ; Electrolyte ; Micropuncture ; Electron probe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of (1-desamino-8-d-arginine) vasopressin (dDAVP) on water and electrolyte transport in the distal tubule were investigated by micropuncture. Since, in addition to antidiuretic hormone, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and glucagon stimulate the adenylate-cyclase system in this nephron segment, experiments were performed on hormone-deprived rats, i.e. homozygous DI Brattleboro rats with reduced levels of endogenous parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and glucagon. Along the distal tubule, dDAVP enhanced water, Cl, Na and Ca reabsorption and sharply increased net K secretion. Phosphate transport was left unchanged and Mg reabsorption was not significantly altered by dDAVP between the early and late distal tubule. Antidiuretic hormone also slightly increased water filtration rate in the superficial nephron, which rose in proportion to whole kidney glomerular filtration rate. It is concluded that, in rats: 1) antidiuretic hormone stimulates water, NaCl and Ca absorption and enhances K secretion along the distal tubule and 2) the tubular effects of dDAVP on electrolyte transport in the loop and distal tubule are responsible for decreasing Mg and Ca urinary excretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: ADH ; Transepithelial ion net fluxes ; Na+, Cl−, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport ; Electron microprobe ; Mouse kidney ; Cortical and medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop ; In vitro microperfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin, AVP) on transepithelial Na+, Cl−, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ net transports was investigated in medullary (mTAL) and cortical (cTAL) segments of the thick ascending limb (TAL) of mouse nephron, perfused in vitro. Transepithelial net fluxes (J Na +,J Cl −,J K +,J Ca 2+,J Mg 2+) were determined by electron probe analysis of the collected tubular fluid. Transepithelial potential difference (PDte) and transepithelial resistance (Rte) were measured simultaneously. cTAL segments were bathed and perfused with isoosmolal, HCO 3 − containing Ringer solutions, mTAL segments were bathed and perfused with isoosmolal HCO 3 − free Ringer solutions. In cTAL segments, AVP (10−10 mol·l−1) significantly increasedJ Mg 2+ andJ Ca 2+ from 0.39±0.08 to 0.58±0.10 and from 0.86±0.13 to 1.19±0.15 pmol·min−1 mm−1 respectively. NeitherJ Na + norJ Cl −, (J Na +: 213±30 versus 221±28 pmol·min−1 mm−1,J Cl −: 206±30 versus 220±23 pmol·min−1 mm−1) nor PDte (13.4±1.3 mV versus 14.1±1.9 mV) or Rte (24.6±6.5Ω cm2 versus 22.6±6.4Ω cm2) were significantly changed by AVP. No significant effect of AVP on net K+ transport was observed. In mTAL segments, Mg2+ and Ca2+ net transports were close to zero and AVP (10−10 mol·l−1) elicited no effect. However NaCl net reabsorption was significantly stimulated by the hormone,J Na + increased from 107±33 to 148±30 andJ Cl − from 121±33 to 165±32 pmol·min−1 mm−1. The rise inJ NaCl was accompanied by an increase in PDte from 9.0±0.7 to 13.5±0.9 mV and a decrease in Rte from 14.4±2.0 to 11.2±1.7 Ω cm2. No K+ net transport was detected, either under control conditions or in the presence of AVP. To test for a possible effect of HCO 3 − on transepithelial ion fluxes, mTAL segments were bathed and perfused with HCO 3 − containing Ringer solutions. With the exception ofJ Ca 2+ which was significantly different from zero (J Ca 2+: 0.26±0.06 pmol·min−1 mm−1), net transepithelial fluxes of Na+, Cl−, K+ and Mg2+ were unaffected by HCO 3 − . In the presence of AVP,J Mg 2+ andJ Ca 2+ were unaltered whereasJ NaCl was stimulated to the same extent as observed in the absence of HCO 3 − . In conclusion our results indicate heterogeneity of response to AVP in cortical and medullary segments of the TAL segment, since AVP stimulates Ca2+ and Mg2+ reabsorption in the cortical part and Na+ and Cl− reabsorption in the medullary part of this nephron segment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Calcitonin ; Distal tubule ; Micropuncture ; Electron-probe ; Brattleboro rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of human calcitonin (HCT) on the distal tubule were investigated by micropuncture in hormone-deprived rats, i.e. in the absence of parathyroid hormone, antidiuretic hormone and glucagon, which might have masked these effects. Two groups of rats were studied: hormone-deprived and hormone-deprived+HCT, infused at 1.0 mU/min\100 g b.w. In the urine, HCT markedly reduced Ca and Mg excretion whereas excretion of water, Na and K was not significantly affected. Along the distal tubule, HCT strongly enhanced Na, Cl, Mg, Ca and total solute reabsorption, decreased K secretion but did not alter water or phosphate transport. It is concluded that HCT stimulated Na, Cl, Ca and Mg reabsorption. If, as suggested, HCT also stimulated the reabsorptive component of K transport, the hormone should therefore elicit the same physiological effects in the distal tubule and the thick ascending limb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Single Nephron Filtration Rates ; High, Normal and Low Sodium Diet ; Heterogeneity of Nephron Function ; Structure and Function ; Einzelnephronfiltrat ; Höhe, Normal und Niedridge Kochsalzdiät ; Unterschiede der Nephronfunktion ; Struktur und Funktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La distribution intrarénale des débits de filtration glomérulaire par néphron (fg) est étudiée en fonction de l'apport sodé chez trois groupes de rats: normaux, carencés en sodium et surchargés en sodium. Les fg ont été déterminées soit indirectement par la méthode de Hanssen soit grâce à une modification de cette méthode qui procure directement les valeurs absolues [23]. Chez les rats normaux, la fg est égale à 27,9 nl/min pour les néphrons superficiels et à 38,5 nl/min pour les néphrons juxtamédullaires. Il n'existe pas de différence décelable entre les fg de nos rats sans sel et celles de nos rats normaux. Chez les rats surchargés en sel, les fg des néphrons superficiels et juxtamédullaires passent respectivement à 52,4 nl/min et à 52,7 nl/min. Au cours de nos surcharges sodées l'augmentation de filtration glomérulaire du rein résulte donc d'une augmentation de la fg de tous les néphrons. Celle-ci est cependant nettement plus marquée pour les néphrons superficiels et le rapport fg néphrons superficiels/fg néphrons juxtamédullaires qui est de 0,7 environ chez les rats normaux et sans sel, atteint 1,0 au cours de nos surcharges sodées. Ainsi dans cette dernière condition physiologique l'hétérogénéité fonctionnelle des néphrons disparaît. La variation des fg est discutée en fonction de ce que l'on sait de la variation de la distribution intrarénale de la rénine sous l'influence de l'apport sodé.
    Notes: Summary The intrarenal distribution of single glomerular filtration rates (SGFR) was studied in rats previously fed a normal or a low sodium diet during antidiuresis, or in rats previously fed a high sodium diet during hypertonic saline diuresis. SGFR were determined either indirectly by Hanssen's technique, or directly by means of a modification of this technique which gives absolute values [23]. In the normal rats, the mean value of SGFR of superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons was equal to 27.9 nl/min and 38.5 nl/min, respectively. There was no appreciable difference between SGFR in our normal and salt-deprived rats. In the salt-loaded rats, the mean value of SGFR of superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons reached 52.4 nl/min and 52.7 nl/min, respectively. Therefore, the increase of the GFR of the whole kidney during salt loading was due to an increase of SGFR of all the nephrons. However, the increase of SGFR was more important for the superficial ones and the ratio SGFR superficial nephrons/SGFR juxtamedullary nephrons which was 0.7 in the normal rats reached 1.0 in the salt-loaded rats, indicating that there was no more functional heterogeneity of nephrons during our salt loadings. The variation of SGFR is discussed in relation to the sodium dependent variation of the intrarenal distribution of renin observed by many authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney Tubules ; Single Nephron Filtration Rate ; Distribution of Single Nephron Filtration Rate ; Structure and Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous présentons dans ce travail une modification de la technique de Hanssen qui permet de la rendre quantitative. Un indicateur glomérulaire marqué (ferrocyanure de sodium14C) est perfusé à des rats anesthésiés jusqu'à l'obtention d'une concentration plasmatique stable. Puis 20 μl d'une solution à 10% de ferrocyanure non marqué sont injectés rapidement au dessus de l'artère rénale gauche. Quelques secondes plus tard, le pédicule rénal gauche est lié. Le ferrocyanure contenu dans le rein est alors précipité sous forme de bleu de Prusse insoluble, puis les tubules proximaux sont disséqués après macération. De la radioactivité contenue dans le néphron entre le glomérule et le précipité de ferrocyanure non marqué (radioactivité qui correspond donc au14C ferrocyanure filtré pendant un temps déterminé) et de la concentration plasmatique de cet indicateur, on déduit le débit de filtration (fg) du néphron considéré. Les résultats obtenus chez trois rats non diurétiques sont donnés à titre d'exemple. La fg de néphrons superficiels et profonds ayant une longueur moyenne de tubule proximal de 7,6 mm et 8,9 mm respectivement a été calculée à partir de l'équation de la droite de régression décrivant la variation de la fg en fonction de la longueur du tubule proximal: elle a été trouvée égale à 29,1 nl/min pour les néphrons superficiels et 40,1 nl/min pour les néphrons profonds. La validité de la technique est attestée 1. par le fait que la filtration glomérulaire totale du rein, calculée à partir des fg, est sensiblement identique à celle mesurée quelques minutes plus tôt (C in 2. par le fait que les valeurs des fg ainsi que les corrélations anatomo-fonctionnelles rapportées sont identiques à celles obtenues par la technique de Hanssen, 3. enfin par le fait que les fg des néphrons superficiels sont semblables à celles habituellement mesurées par microponction. Notre technique conserve tous les avantages de la méthode de Hanssen, mais elle en supprime les inconvénients liés à l'hétérogénéité de distribution dans le rein de l'indicateur marqué puisqu'ici, au lieu d'être administré en une seule injection, le ferrocyanure marqué est perfusé à l'animal; de plus, elle permet une mesure quantitative des valeurs individuelles de fg même sur des reins anuriques.
    Notes: Summary We describe a modification of Hanssen's technique. Anesthetized rats were infused with a14C−Na-ferrocyanide solution. At equilibrium, 20 μl of a 10% non labelled ferrocyanide solution were injected as a short pulse above the left renal artery. A few seconds later, the left renal pedicle was tied. Ferrocyanide contained within the kidney was precipitated as insoluble Prussian blue and the proximal tubules were microdissected after maceration. From the radioactivity contained within the nephron from the glomerulus to the precipitate of non labelled ferrocyanide (radioactivity which is due to the14C filtered during a given time) and from the14C plasmatic concentration, we deduced the single glomerular filtration rate (SGFR) of the nephron. Three non diuretic rats are given as example. The SGFR of superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons was respectively equal to 29,1 nl/min and 40,1 nl/min when calculated for the mean value of the length of their proximal tubules (respectively 7.6 mm and 8.9 mm) from the equation of the regression line which described the correlation between SGFR and the length of the proximal tubule. The reliability of the technique is supported 1. by the fact that the value of the GFR of the whole kidney calculated from SGFR's was the same asC in measured just prior, 2. by the fact that SGFR values and the anatomo-physiological correlations were identical to those obtained with the Hanssen's technique, 3. and by the fact that the SGFR of superficial nephrons agree with most of those obtained with the micropuncture techniques. Most of the criticisms of Hanssen's technique, which arise from the observation that the bolus of labelled precipitate is sometimes inhomogenously distributed from one region of the kidney to another, are not valid here because instead of being injected as a pulse, the14C-ferrocyanide is infused continuously into the animal. Moreover, our technique allows measurements of SGFR's even in non urine forming kidneys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 308 (1969), S. 260-276 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Kidney Tubules ; Single Nephron Filtration Rates ; Heterogeneity of Nephron Function ; Structure and Function ; Nierentubuli ; Einzelnephronfiltrationsrate ; Unterschiede der Nephronfunktion ; Struktur und Funktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Non-diuretic rats and saline diuretic psammomys received 0.05 ml14C Na ferrocyanide i.v. Their kidneys were frozen in vivo 8–10 sec later. The quantity of14C ferrocyanide precipitated as prussian blue (Hanssen) in the lumen of a microdissected proximal tubule was proportional to its glomerular filtration rate (gfr). Distance between dye front and glomerulus was proportional to mean flow velocity (v). Fractional water reabsorption at the dye front was calculated using gfr, v and luminal radius. There were large differences in gfr, v and fractional water reabsorption between superficial and deep nephrons. Published micropuncture data agrees quantitatively with our results. Glomerular volume, tubular length and luminal radius increased from superficial to juxtamedullary proximal tubules in both species. Filtration rate varied directly with glomerular volume suggesting an influence of capillary surface area on filtration. Tubular length and luminal radius correlated with gfr. Proximal water reabsorption rate correlated with luminal radius in psammomys but not in rat tubules. Water reabsorption by the entire proximal tubule decreased with length in rat tubules but increased in psammomys. The discrepancy may be due to differences in blood flow distribution which alter gfr and/or water reabsorption in superficial relative to deep nephrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: ADH ; Mouse nephron ; Microperfusion ; NaCl transport ; Mg2+ transport ; Ca2+ transport ; Electron microprobe analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on transepithelial Na+, Cl−, Ca2+ and Mg2+ net fluxes (JNa, JCl, JMg, JCa) was investigated in isolated perfused cortical thick ascending limb segments (cTAL) of the mouse nephron, using the microperfusion technique and the electron microprobe analysis to determine the ionic composition of the collected tubular fluid. Simultaneously, the transepithelial potential difference (PDte) and the transepithelial resistance (Rte) were recorded. Prior to the flux measurements cTAL segments were perfused for one hour. During this equilibration period PDte decreased significantly from +19.9±1.6 to +14.9±1.l mV and Rte increased from 30.6±3.5 Ωcm2 to 38.8±2.4 Ωcm2 (n=7), reflecting a decline in NaCl transport. After ADH was added to the bath solution at 10−10 mol.l−1, PDte increased from +14.4±1.1 to +18.0±1.5 mV, accompanied by a rise in JNa and JCl from 205±11 to 273±19 and from 216±12 to 283±21 pmol.min−1.mm−1 (n=7), respectively. JCa and JMg also increased from 0.81±0.07 to 1.50±0.12 and from 0.43±0.11 to 0.76±0.08 pmol.min−1.mm−1 (n=7), respectively. All these effects were fully reversible after withdrawal of the hormone. In conclusion our data indicate that ADH stimulates divalent cation transport and NaCl transport in the cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop of the mouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Ca2+ transport ; Mg2+ transport ; Electron microprobe analysis ; Cortical thick ascending limb ; Furosemide ; Parathyroid hormone ; Paracellular shunt pathway permeability ; Tight junctions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that in the cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop of the mouse (cTAL) Ca2+ and Mg2+ are reabsorbed passively, via the paracellular shunt pathway. In the present study, cellular mechanisms responsible for the hormone-stimulated Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport were investigated. Transepithelial voltages (PDte) and transepithelial ion net fluxes (J Na, J Cl, J K, J Ca, J Mg) were measured in isolated perfused mouse cTAL segments. Whether parathyroid hormone (PTH) is able to stimulate Ca2+ and Mg2+ reabsorption when active NaCl reabsorption, and thus PDte, is abolished by luminal furosemide was first tested. With symmetrical lumen and bath Ringer's solutions, no Ca2+ and Mg2+ net transport was detectable, either in the absence or in the presence of PTH. In the presence of luminal furosemide and a chemically imposed lumen-to-bath directed NaCl gradient, which generates a lumen-negative PDte, PTH slightly but significantly increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ net secretion. In the presence of luminal furosemide and a chemically imposed bath-to-lumen-directed NaCl gradient, which generates a lumen-positive PDte, PTH slightly but significantly increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ net reabsorption. In view of the observed small effect of PTH on passive Ca2+ and Mg2+ movement, a possible interference of furosemide with the hormonal response was considered. To investigate this possibility, Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport was first stimulated with PTH in tubules under control conditions. Then active NaCl reabsorption was abolished by furosemide and the effect of PTH on J Ca and J Mg measured. In the absence of PDte and under symmetrical conditions, no Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport was detectable, either in the presence or absence of PTH. In the presence of a bath-to-lumen-directed NaCl gradient, Ca2+ and Mg2+ reabsorption was significantly higher in the presence than in the absence of PTH. Finally, when active NaCl transport was not inhibited by furosemide, but reduced by a bath-to-lumen-directed NaCl gradient, PTH strongly increased J Ca and J Mg, whereas only a small increase in PDte was noted. In conclusion, these data suggest that PTH exerts a dual action on Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport in the mouse cTAL by increasing the transepithelial driving force for Ca2+ and Mg2+ reabsorption through hormone-mediated PDte alterations and by modifying the passive permeability for Ca2+ and Mg2+ of the epithelium, very probably at the level of the paracellular shunt pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...