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  • Chemistry  (8)
  • Erythrocyte aging  (2)
  • time-resolved fast spectrocopy  (2)
  • Adductor pollicis muscle  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Bioenergetics 972 (1988), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0005-2728
    Keywords: (Human erythrocyte) ; Encapsulation ; Erythrocyte aging ; Hexokinase
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Molecular Cell Research 972 (1988), S. 1-3+6-8 
    ISSN: 0167-4889
    Keywords: (Human erythrocyte) ; Encapsulation ; Erythrocyte aging ; Hexokinase
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Neuromuskuläres Monitoring ; M. adductor pollicis ; M. orbicularis oculi ; Cisatracurium ; Atracurium ; Key words Neuromuscular monitoring ; Adductor pollicis muscle ; Orbicularis oculi muscle ; Cisatracurium ; Atracurium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objectives: Muscle relaxants have different pharmacodynamic profiles in various muscles. Therefore, results obtained for one muscle cannot be extrapolated to other muscles. In the adductor pollicis muscle cisatracurium exerts a pharmacodynamic profile comparable to atracurium, despite the known difference in onset time. However, studies evaluating the neuromuscular effect of cisatracurium in different muscles are lacking. Accordingly, this study compares the pharmacodynamic profile of cisatracurium and atracurium in the orbicularis oculi muscle (OO) – which shows a neuromuscular course similar to the diaphragm and the laryngeal muscles – and the adductor pollicis muscle (AP). Methods: Forty-five patients (ASA I–II), scheduled for elective spinal surgery were anaesthetized with propofol and fentanyl. Endotracheal intubation was performed without using a muscle relaxant. Neuromuscular transmission was monitored using acceleromyography in both muscles. Patients received 0.1 mg/kg (2× ED95) or 0.15 mg/kg (3× ED95) cisatracurium, or 0.5 mg/kg atracurium (2× ED95) at random. Onset and recovery times were measured according to the recommendation of the Copenhagen Consensus Conference. Results: Onset time was significantly shorter in the OO than in the AP following 0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium and 0.5 mg/kg atracurium (P〈0.05). No differences in onset time between the two muscles were found after 0.1 mg/kg cisatracurium. The recovery of T1 to 10% of its control was completed sooner in the OO than in the AP in all three groups (P〈0.05). Conclusions: Cisatracurium shows a dose-dependent shorter onset time in the OO than in the AP. This is consistent with the current view that the onset of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers is more rapid in the OO than in the AP. However, at least a dose of 3× ED95 of cisatracurium was necessary to show a difference in onset time between both muscles. In contrast, atracurium is reported to lead to a significantly shorter onset of neuromuscular block in the OO following 2× the ED95. The more rapid recovery of T1 to 10% of its control in all three groups in the OO is due to the relative resistance of this muscle to muscle relaxants.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Muskelrelaxanzien zeigen ein unterschiedliches pharmakodynamisches Wirkungsprofil an verschiedenen Muskelgruppen. Am M. adductor pollicis hat Cisatracurium, bis auf eine längere Anschlagzeit, ein vergleichbares pharmakodynamisches Profil wie Atracurium. Untersuchungen an anderen Muskelgruppen wurden für Cisatracurium bisher nicht durchgeführt. In der vorliegenden klinischen Studie sollte daher die neuromuskuläre Wirkung von Cisatracurium am M. orbicularis oculi (OO) – dessen neuromuskuläre Reaktion annähernd derjenigen des Diaphragmas und der Larynxmuskulatur entspricht – und am M. adductor pollicis (AP) im Vergleich mit Atracurium untersucht werden. Methodik: Untersucht wurden 45 Patienten (ASA I–II), die sich einer elektiven Wirbelsäulenoperation unterziehen mußten. Nach Narkoseeinleitung erfolgte die Intubation ohne vorherige Injektion eines Muskelrelaxans. An beiden Muskeln wurde die evozierte Muskelantwort mittels Akzeleromyographie gemessen. Die Patienten erhielten randomisiert 0,1 mg/kg (2× ED95), 0,15 mg/kg (3× ED95) Cisatracurium oder 0,5 mg/kg Atracurium (2× ED95). Die Anschlag- und Erholungszeiten wurden entsprechend den Empfehlungen der Copenhagen Consensus Conference definiert. Ergebnisse: Nach 0,15 mg/kg Cisatracurium und 0,5 mg/kg Atracurium waren die Anschlagzeiten am OO kürzer als am AP (p〈0,05). Nach 0,1 mg/kg Cisatracurium fanden sich keine Unterschiede in den Anschlagzeiten zwischen beiden Muskeln. Der Zeitintervall bis zur 10% Erholung der T1-Antwort war in allen drei Gruppen am OO kürzer als am AP (p〈0,05). Schlußfolgerung: Cisatracurium zeigt eine dosisabhängig kürzere Anschlagzeit am OO als am AP. Dieser Befund steht im Einklang mit der bisherigen Erfahrung, daß nicht- depolarisierende Muskelrelaxanzien dosisabhängig eine kürzere Anschlagzeit am OO haben im Vergleich mit dem AP. Auffallend war, daß dieser Unterschied zwischen beiden Muskeln erst ab einer 3fachen ED95 auftrat, während für Atracurium eine schnellere Anschlagzeit am OO bereits ab einer 2fachen ED95 beschrieben wird. Die höhere Resistenz des OO gegenüber Muskelrelaxanzien erklärt die schnellere Erholung der T1-Antwort.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 2143-2149 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: diphenoquinones ; disorder-controlled hopping ; doped polymers ; electron transport ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electron mobilities have been measured in poly(styrene) doped with an isomer mixture of two diphenoquinone (DPQ) compounds over a range of fields, temperatures, and DPQ concentrations. The results are interpreted within the framework of a formalism based on disorder, due to Bässler and coworkers. The formalism is based on the assumption that charge transport occurs by hopping through a manifold of localized states with superimposed energetic and positional disorder. The key parameter of the formalism is the energy width of the hopping site manifold. For DPQ doped poly(styrene), the energy width is 0.118 eV and independent of the intersite distance or DPQ concentration. The width can be described by a model based on dipolar disorder, if it is assumed that the fluctuations of hopping site energies are due to group dipole moments associated with the carbonyl groups of the DPQ molecules. The interpretation of the experimental results leads to the further conclusion that polaronic effects need not be invoked to explain transport phenomena in this class of doped polymers. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 7 (1997), S. 83-86 
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: photoluminescence ; time-resolved fast spectrocopy ; photoinduced absorption spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: We have studied the photophysics of linear trans-quinacridone films by applying a variety of transient and continuous wave photomodulation techniques. Our experimental results demonstrate the ultrafast formation of excimer species which are responsible for the emission. The excimer decay kinetics seems to suggest a predominantly charge transfer character of these emitting species. This is consistent with the long-lived states which we detected on the millisecond time scale. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 7 (1997), S. 35-38 
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: photoluminescence ; time-resolved fast spectrocopy ; photoinduced absorption spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: We have studied the photophysics of linear trans-quinacridone films by applying a variety of transient and continuous wave photomodulation techniques. Our experimental results demonstrate the ultrafast formation of excimer species which are responsible for the emission. The excimer decay kinetics seems to suggest a predominantly charge transfer character of these emitting species. This is consistent with the long-lived states which we detected on the millisecond time scale. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hyaluronan ; glycosaminoglycans ; GAG synthesis ; GAG degradation ; chick embryo ; fibroblasts ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In order to evaluate the relationship between glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and degradation, the effect of NH4Cl, which inhibits lysosomal degradation, on GAG production was analysed in vitro in concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated fibroblasts from 7 and 14-day-old chick embryos. 35SO4 incorporation into total proteoglycan (PG), 3H incorporation into individual GAG classes, β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase and β-D-glucuronidase activity were determined. The results indicate a correlation between Con A and NH4Cl effects: NH4Cl induced a reduction principally in the GAG classes most stimulated by Con A. Thus HA and DS are much more stimulated by Con A and inhibited by NH4Cl than are CS and HS.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 12 (1994), S. 217-220 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Hexokinase ; red blood cells ; IgG-binding ; phagocytosis ; C3 ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Hexokinase inactivating antibodies were loaded into human erythrocytes using an encapsulation procedure based on hypotonic haemolysis, isotonic resealing and reannealing. Red blood cells loaded with anti-hexokinase IgG showed 20 percent residual hexokinase activity and reduced glycolytic activity. 9Incubation of these cells in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as terbutyl hydroperoxide (TBH) and then in autologous plasma, promoted opsonization by autologous IgG and complement deposition, but not haemolysis. Furthermore, the antihexokinase IgG loaded cells treated with TBH were actively recognized and phagocytosed by macrophages. Thus, metabolic impairment of human erthrocytes promotes autologous IgG binding, C3 deposition and phagocytosis, a mechanism already reported for the removal of senescent erythrocytes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 6 (1988), S. 175-182 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Erythrocytes ; glucose metabolism ; uncleotide catabolism ; phenylhydrazine ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In addition to the well known effect of phenylhydrazine on red blood cells (methaemoglobin and Heinz body formation, autologous IgG binding, lipid peroxidation, etc.) an increased glucose utilization was observed. Measurement of 14CO2 formation from [1-14C]-glucose showed a maximum value at 2 mM phenylhydrazine followed by a progressive inhibition on increasing the drug concentration to 16 mM. Concomitantly we found a reduction in the reduced glutathione concentration but not a corresponding increase in the level of oxidized glutathione. Phenylhydrazine also causes ATP depletion. The ATP is in part dephosphorylated to ADP and AMP and in part converted to inosine monophosphate and hypoxanthine. Measurement of the cell content of reduced and oxidized pyridine nucleotides was also performed and showed a progressive increase in the reduced forms of these coenzymes. Thus phenylhydrazine promotes cellular ATP depletion followed by adenine nucleotide catabolism that is not efficiently counteracted by an increase in glucose utilization. The relevance of these data to the mechanism of phenylhydrazine-induced anemia is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 15 (1997), S. 163-170 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: titanium coated with plasma spray or hydroxyapatite ; cell proliferation ; glycosaminoglycans ; human bone cells ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Bone cells derived from the human jaw were cultured on titanium, titanium coated with hydroxyapatite (THA) or with plasma spray (TPS) to study the behaviour of the cells anchored to implant substrates. Bone cells were cultured in MEM with the addition of [3H]-thymidine to evaluate cellular proliferation, and [3H]-glucosamine to evaluate GAG synthesis and accumulation in the extra-cellular matrix (ECM). Moreover, to study the degradation of GAG bone cells were cultured in the presence of NH4Cl, an amine known to inhibit lysosomal activity. Our results show that TPS is the substrate that favours both cellular proliferation and the accumulation of GAG in the ECM. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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