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  • General Chemistry  (10)
  • Amphetamine  (5)
  • Ultrasound  (5)
  • Aggression  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pancreatic carcinoma in a neonate (1983)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 13 (1983), S. 284-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Neonate-adenocarcinoma ; Computed tomography ; Pancreas ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The clinical and radiographic findings in a neonate with adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas are presented. CT revealed the mass to be well defined, with an inhomogeneous density before and after intravenous contrast enhancement. Ultrasound revealed the mass to be mainly densely echogenic with small, irregular, echo-free areas. The portal vein was intimately applied to the posterior aspect of the mass. The literature concerning adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the pediatric age group is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00973349
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biliary disease in metachromatic leukodystrophy (1983)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 13 (1983), S. 313-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Biliary tract ; Metachromatic leukodystrophy ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper illustrates the previously unreported sonographic changes in the biliary tract in metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). Gallbladder wall thickening due to sulfatide deposition, intraluminal globules of sulfatide or papillomatosis may cause symptoms referrable to the biliary tract in these patients. A series of patients whom, we have studied is briefly alluded to in order to bring to the attention of the radiologist MLD as a rare cause of biliary disease in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01625956
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral injury in the neonatal brain (1983)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 13 (1983), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Ultrasound ; Neonate ; Hypoxic/ischaemic lesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ultrasound has been used in 11 neonates whose history or clinical features suggested the possibility of hypoxic/ischaemic lesions. The ultrasound findings were correlated with computed tomographic findings in nine infants and with pathological findings in two. On ultrasound scan, areas of increased echoes represented both hypoxic/ischaemic and haemorrhagic lesions. However, the distinction between them could not be made with certainty. Cystic changes were shown clearly by ultrasound as were cerebral vascular pulsations in and adjacent to the areas of increased echoes. With computed tomography, hypoxic/ischaemic lesions were represented by areas of decreased density and haemorrhagic lesions by areas of increased density. Computed tomography failed to clearly demonstrate the cystic changes. Three types of lesions, viz. diffuse, focal and periventricular were based on the location of brain injury, the former two occurring in term infants and the latter in premature infants. Ultrasound has been shown to be of value for definition of the site and extent of hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral lesions in the newborn and for observation of their evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01625955
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congenital epithelial splenic cysts in children (1982)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 12 (1982), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Spleen ; Cysts ; Ultrasound ; Abdomen ; Mass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The clinical, radiographic and sonographic features of four children with congenital epithelial splenic cysts are described. All four cases presented with a left upper quadrant mass and few symptoms. In one case the spleen descended into the pelvis in the upright position. In three cases the sonographic findings showed the mass to be completely sonolucent. In the fourth case the mass was echogenic and echoes were distributed homogeneously throughout the mass. These internal echoes were due to the presence of fat droplets within the cyst fluid. Internal echoes may also be due to hemorrhage into the cyst. In all four cases a rim of splenic tissue was visible around part of the cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00971799
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine as a discriminative cue in rats: Inability of related drugs to produce a nicotine-like cueing effect (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 27 (1972), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Lobeline ; Amphetamine ; Arecoline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to enter one arm of a T-maze after the subcutaneous administration of 0.4 mg/kg and to enter the opposite arm following the injection of an equal volume of saline. Administration of 0.4 mg/kg nicotine isomethonium iodide hydroiodide, 0.4–10.0 mg/kg lobeline sulfate, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine sulfate and 0.25–2.0 mg/kg arecoline hydrobromide produced responses which resembled the established saline effect. Pretreatment with 10.0 mg/kg lobeline had no significant effect on the nicotine-cued response. The inability of these structurally and/or functionally similar drugs to produce a nicotine-like discriminative effect is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429392
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on morphine-withdrawal syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Pilocarpine ; Atropine ; Dexetimide ; Methylscopolamine ; Morphine addiction ; Narcotic withdrawal ; Aggression ; Wet shakes ; Diarrhea ; Dopamine ; Acetylcholine interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of pilocarpine, atropine and dexetimide were studied on the occurrence and intensity of morphine-withdrawal signs observed after cessation of chronic morphine injections. Pilocarpine was effective in reducing both ‘wet-dog’ like body shakes and aggression but it increased diarrhea and weight loss. Pretreatment with atropine blocked all of the effects of pilocarpine on withdrawal signs. Methylscopolamine pretreatment blocked only diarrhea. The administration of atropine or dexetimide produced no significant effect on any of the withdrawal signs. These results indicate a role for central cholinergic mechanism in narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427289
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased drug sensitivity in the drug discrimination procedure afforded by drug versus drug training (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 102 (1990), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Drug discrimination ; Norfenfluramine ; Amphetamine ; Pentobarbital ; Session-to-criterion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to discriminate norfenfluramine (NF) 1.4 mg/kg from its vehicle or amphetamine (AMPH) 0.8 mg/kg or pentobarbital (PB) 6.0 mg/kg in order to determine the role that drug combination training plays in the rate of learning and sensitivity to lower drug doses. The results suggest that drug versus drug training can increase the rate of drug discrimination learning for some drugs that are learned slowly when trained in a drug versus vehicle training procedure, whereas drug versus drug training does not increase the rate of learning for other drugs that are learned rapidly. Drug versus drug training does, however, appear to increase the level of stimulus control of the training drug for all drugs examined in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245925
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of apomorphine and nigrostriatal lesions on aggression and striatal dopamine turnover during morphine withdrawal: Evidence for dopaminergic supersensitivity in protracted abstinence (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 34 (1974), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Aggression ; Morphine Addiction ; Apomorphine ; Dopamine Receptors ; Receptor Supersensitivity ; Narcotic Abstinence ; Nigrostriatal Lesion ; Medial Forebrain Bundle Lesion ; Protracted Abstinence ; Dopamine Turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Reliable aggression was seen in rats which were grouped 30 days after undergoing continuous withdrawal from morphine. This withdrawal aggression, associated with long-lasting effects of morphine dependence, was blocked by morphine or lesions of the nigrostriatal bundle, but not by lesions of the median forebrain bundle. When the nigrostriatal lesioned rats were treated with a small dose of apomorphine, the aggression was reinstated. Apomorphine reduced the turnover of dopamine in the 30-day withdrawn rats at doses which were ineffective in similarly housed non-dependent rats. These results suggest that animals undergoing protracted morphine abstinence show aggression due to a latent dopaminergic supersensitivity, similar to that previously reported during acute narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421218
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic mediation of the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 42 (1975), S. 185-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Haloperidol ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Apomorphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After rats were trained to differentiate between the effects of d-amphetamine and saline in a state-dependent task, pretreatment with the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, α-methyl-p-tyrosine, significantly decreased amphetamine discrimination. Pretreatment with the dopamine-Β-hydroxylase inhibitor, disulfiram, or with the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor, p-chloro-phenylalanine, was observed to have no effect on the rats' ability to discriminate d-amphetamine. Administration of haloperidol, a selective dopamine receptor blocker, completely abolished the amphetamine discrimination, whereas α- and Β-adrenergic receptor blockade had no effect. Apomorphine, a dopamine receptor stimulant, produced amphetamine-like responses and this was, likewise, abolished by pretreatment with haloperidol. These data suggest that dopaminergic systems mediate the interoceptive cue produced by d-amphetamine in rats, and these results are discussed in relation to possible dopamine mediation of amphetamine psychosis and paranoid schizophrenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429551
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 101 (1990), S. 126-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Cathinone ; Amphetamine ; Cathine ; Drug discrimination ; Dopamine ; CGS 10746B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The drug discrimination paradigm was used to evaluate in rats the ability of the discriminate response to either 0.8 mg/kgd-amphetamine or 0.8 mg/kgl-cathinone to generalize to 2.4–6.0 mg/kg of the active cathinone metabolited-norpseudoephedrine, also known as cathine. When tested 24 h after vehicle administration, cathine generalized in a dose-related fashion in rats (n=6) trained with cathinone (ED50=3.03 mg/kg) and in rats (n=8) trained with amphetamine (ED50=2.93 mg/kg). In contrast, when cathine was tested 24 h after the administration of either amphetamine or cathinone, it produced significantly decreased discriminative performance. The possibility that this acute tolerance may have been produced by release, and subsequent depletion, of brain dopamine was tested by pretreating rats with the dopamine release inhibitor CGS 10746B. When CGS 10746B was administered prior to cathinone it significantly decreased cathinone discrimination. In addition, acute tolerance to cathine at 24 h after vehicle-cathinone co-administration was reversed when cathine was tested 24 h after CGS 10746B-cathinone co-administration. The results suggest that cathinone-produced discriminative stimulus, as well as the acute tolerance to cathine, may be dopaminergically mediated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253729
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