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  • Anaerobic infections  (1)
  • Immunofluorescence test  (1)
  • Parasitological serodiagnosis  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Parasitological serodiagnosis ; Specificity ; Autoimmune disorders ; Neoplasms ; HIV infection ; AIDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sera from 120 patients with rheumatological disorders, neoplastic disease, infectious mononucleosis, and HIV infection, and from 30 healthy blood donors were tested for nonspecific reactivity in 13 routinely used parasite serological tests. Responses were detected in 3/30 healthy blood donors (10%) vs 25/120 patients (21%). Of 40 responses in these 28 responders most were weakly reactive, and 25 out of 40 responses were only at borderline level. Response rates were highest in patients with mononucleosis presumably due to heterophile antibodies. Only four patients had responses in at least two different serodiagnostic tests for the same parasitic infection. Response patterns indicative of a possible underlying, concurring, or superimposed parasitic infection, thus, were rare. Especially susceptible to nonspecific reactivity seemed to be immunofluorescent antibody tests for filariasis, schistosomiasis, and amebiasis. In conclusion, compared to healthy controls, false-positive serological responses seem to be more frequent in certain disease groups dependent on the test methods used. Second, the use of more than one serodiagnostic test for the same parasitic disease will substantially facilitate the identification of nonspecific reactivity. Third, for better defining the specificity of parasitological serodiagnosis, more studies should include control sera from patients with nonparasitic diseases that frequently show immunological abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Anaerobic infections ; Bacteroides ; Defense mechanisms ; Chronic granulomatous disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different strains ofBacteroides fragilis exhibit great differences in sensitivity towards serum from healthy volunteers. In the presence of 10% autologous serum, neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes (macrophages) caused significant killing ofB. fragilis. The measured phagocytic and killing activity of the cells is comparable to their activity against aerobic bacteria (S. aureus). In four patients with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood, phagocytosis was normal but killing ofB. fragilis andS. aureus in granulocytes or monocytes (macrophages) was appreciably lowered. This malfunction of the cells was accompanied by a disturbance in oxidative metabolism and inadequate iodination after phagocytosis ofB. fragilis. The results suggest that granulocytes and monocytes play an important role in host defense against endogenous infections with anaerobes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Pyelonephritis ; Antibody-coated-bacteria ; Subcultures ; Immunofluorescence test ; Urinary immunoglobulins ; Bakterielle Nephritis ; Antikörperbesetzte Bakterien ; Subkulturen ; Immunfluoreszenztest ; Immunglobuline im Urin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden drei Kollektive a) mit sterilem Urin b) mit signifikanter Bakteriurie ohne Antikörperbesatz c) mit signifikanter Bakteriurie mit Antikörperbesatz erstellt. Mittels Partigenplatten wurde im Urin quantitativ IgG, IgA, IgM und Transferrin bestimmt. Der Antikörperbesatz auf der Bakterienzellwand wurde mit dem Immunfluoreszenztest nachgewiesen. Von den bakterienhaltigen Urinen wurden Subkulturen angelegt. Die Subkulturkeime wurden mit dem ursprünglichen, jedoch mittels Bakterienfilter keimfrei gemachten Urin inkubiert und anschließend mit fluorescein-konjugiertem AH-IgG behandelt. Von mehreren Patienten konnte Serum gewonnen werden, mit welchem die Subkulturkeime ebenfalls inkubiert und anschließend mit fluorescein-konjugiertem AH-IgG behandelt wurden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß in keinem Falle im Urin spezifische Antikörper gegen die infizierenden Organismen vorhanden waren, obgleich die IgG-Menge im Urin erhöht und im Serum spezifische Antikörper nachgewiesen werden konnten. Dies erlaubt den Schluß, daß die Induktion zur spezifischen Antikörperbildung durch direkten Gewebekontakt der Mikroorganismen erfolgt und die Bakterien im Interstitium und nicht im Urin mit Antikörpern besetzt werden.
    Notes: Summary Three groups of subjects have been studied: the first group with sterile urine, the second with significant bacteriuria without antibody-coated bacteria and the third with significant bacteriuria with antibody-coated bacteria. IgG, IgA, IgM and transferrin were determined by immunological methods (partigen plates). The antibody coating was determined by immunofluorescence. Subcultures were prepared from the urine samples containing bacteria. The bacteria obtained from the subcultures were then incubated with the original urine which had been sterilised by passing through a filter. These were then treated with AH-IgG containing fluorescein. Serum was taken from several patients and incubated with the bacteria from the subcultures. These were also treated with AH-IgG fluorescein. In no case could specific antibodies against the infecting organisms be found, although IgG in the urine were elevated and specific antibodies were present in the serum. This leads to the conclusion that specific antibodies are formed by direct tissue contact of the bacteria and that coating is not established in the urine itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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