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  • Animal models  (2)
  • Cartilage  (2)
  • Gastro-intestinal cancer  (2)
  • Blutgerinnungsfaktoren  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regional registry of gastro-intestinal cancer North Baden (2.2 million inhabitants) (1978)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 380 (1978), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cancer registry ; Gastro-intestinal cancer ; Histo-pathologic diagnoses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Vorzüge eines bevölkerungsbezogenen patho-anatomischen Registers werden diskutiert. In einem Gebiet mit einer guten medizinischen Versorgung hat ein Organregister für Magen/Darm-Tumoren, das sich auf histologisch-pathologische Diagnosen stützt, folgenden Vorteil: Es reduziert die Stellen, an denen die Daten erhoben werden, auf einige wenige und erreicht dadurch eine sehr hohe ZuverlÄssigkeit. Als Nachteil mu\ in Kauf genommen werden, da\ die histologisch-pathologischen und die klinischen Daten in zwei verschiedenen ArbeitsgÄngen erhoben werden müssen. Die Organisation und die geographische Situation des regionalen Registers für gastro-intestinale Tumoren in Nord-Baden werden beschrieben. Die Inzidenzen der Magen/Darm-Tumoren für die Jahre 1971 und 1975 in Nord-Baden (2.2 Millionen Einwohner) werden angegeben.
    Notes: Summary The advantages of a population-based registry are discussed. It is shown that a registry for gastro-intestinal cancer in a district with expert medical care based upon histo-pathological diagnosis, has the principal advantage that it limits the sites of material collection to a few effective contributors, thus providing highly accurate data. The disadvantage of collecting data by two separate steps should be tolerated. The geographic situation and the organization of the regional registry for gastro-intestinal cancer in North Baden are described and the incidences for these cancers for the years 1971–1975 are given for the population of 2.2 million.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430622
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incidence of gastro-intestinal cancer in North Baden (West Germany) 1971–1977 (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 93 (1979), S. 301-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Gastro-intestinal cancer ; Incidence ; Cancer registry ; Gastrointestinaler Krebs ; Inzidenzen ; Tumorregister
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Inzidenz bösartiger Tumoren des Ösophagus, des Magens, des Dünndarms, des Kolons und des Rektums der Jahre 1971 bis 1977 im Regierungsbezirk Nordbaden, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, bestimmt. Die Relation der Inzidenzen zu den Ernährungsgewohnheiten der Bevölkerung wird kurz diskutiert. Sowohl die Altersverteilung der Inzidenzen als auch die altersstandardisierte Inzidenz und die Geschlechterverhältnisse zeigen deutliche Unterschiede der einzelnen Tumorlokalisationen. Die Inzidenz des Kolonkrebses steigt über den betrachteten Zeitraum besonders bei Frauen stark. Auch das Risiko, an Rektumtumoren zu erkranken, hat sich in den 7 Jahren erhöht. Die Ergebnisse des auf patho-anatomischer Basis arbeitenden Registers sind mit denen klinischer Register gut vergleichbar.
    Notes: Summary The incidences of the cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, small intestines, colon, and rectum for the years 1971–1977 in the regional district of North Baden, Federal Republic of Germany are presented and their relation to environmental factors are discussed briefly. The age specific incidence as well as the age standardized incidence and the sex ratios show remarkable differences due to the specific tumor localizations. The colon cancer incidence in the female population increases steeply during the period considered. The risk of developing rectal cancer also increases. The results of the pathoanatomic registry are well comparable with the data from clinical registries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964587
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchung der Gerinnungsproteine im Brandblaseninhalt bei schweren Verbrennungen (1977)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 35 (1977), S. 241-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Blutgerinnungsfaktoren ; Brandblasen ; Permeabilität (Kapillardurchlässigkeit) ; Coagulation factors ; Burn blisters ; Permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Following clotting factor assays were performed on the fluid of burn blisters of 11 patients with severe burns: Fibrinogen levels, Factor II, V, X and XIII, thrombin time, fibrin split products, plasminogen, antithrombin III, IgA, IgM, IgG, ethanol gelation test and total proteins. The results showed, that a quantity of Factor II, X and XIII, antithrombin III, plasminogen and IgG had left the circulation. On the contrary we found only small concentrations of Factor V, fibrinogen, IgM and IgA in the fluid of burn blisters. This distribution suggested that the losses of plasma proteins into the burn blisters were correlated to their concentration and their molecular weight. The decrease of plasma coagulation proteins during the first days after severe burns was probably partly due to losses through the walls of the vessels, because of the increased capillary permeability.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 11 Patienten werden folgende Untersuchungen des Brandblaseninhaltes durchgeführt: Fibrinogen, F.II, F.V, F.X und F.XIII, Fibrinogen-Fibrin-Spaltprodukte, Thrombinzeit, Plasminogen, Antithrombin III, IgA, IgM, IgG, Äthanol-Test und Gesamteiweiß. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß nach thermischem Trauma beträchtliche Mengen der Faktoren II, X und XIII, Antithrombin III, Plasminogen und IgG das Gefäßsystem verlassen, während F.V, Fibrinogen, IgM und IgA nur im geringen Ausmaß in der Blasenflüssigkeit nachweisbar sind. Nach diesem Verteilungsmuster der Brandblasenproteine muß angenommen werden, daß ihr Austritt aus dem Intravasalraum entsprechend ihrer Plasmakonzentration und Molekülgröße erfolgt. Der Abfall von Gerinnungsfaktoren bei Verbrennungspatienten in den ersten Tagen ihrer Erkrankung läßt sich somit zum Teil durch Verluste aus dem Gefäßsystem infolge der Permeabilitätssteigerung erklären.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00999465
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interference of cartilage surface with interaction of granulocyte elastase with α1-proteinase inhibitor (1987)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 7 (1987), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor ; Leucocyte elastase ; Cartilage ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synovial fluids of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis contain elevated levels of granulocyte (PMN) elastase in complex with alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-PI), whereas free-elastase activity is usually not detectable. This absence of free enzymatic activity in joint effusions has cast some doubt on the pathophysiological relevance of PMN elastase in inflammatory joint destruction. Our in vitro experiments using bovine nasal cartilage demonstrate that incubation with elastase and alpha 1-PI in equimolar concentrations to or even in excess of the serum proteinase inhibitor resulted in significant tissue destruction as assessed by histological staining for proteoglycans, release of uronic acid from the matrix and loss of mechanical stability. Though in the supernatants containing alpha 1-PI, free-elastase activity was not detectable, immunofluorescent staining for elastase evidenced penetration of the enzyme into the matrix. Simultaneous measurements of the incubation media employing a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorption assay (ELISA) revealed PMN elastase in complex with alpha 1-PI but without correlation to the parameters of tissue degradation. In comparison with the results obtained using the chromogenic substrate Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-pNA (SAPA) for titration of alpha 1-PI against elastase, the employment of cartilage matrix showed that a fourfold increase in inhibitor concentration was necessary to achieve 100% enzyme inhibition. Hence, cartilage surface obviously interferes with the interaction between alpha 1-PI and elastase. Measurements of elastase-inhibitor concentrations or free enzymatic activity in synovial fluid seem to have limited value in predicting cartilage destruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270466
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Animal models of autoimmune diseases (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Autoimmune diseases ; Pathogenesis ; Animal models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Failure of distinction between self and non-self is regarded a critical event in the pathogenesis of several human diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, uveoretinitis or diabetes mellitus. Autoagressive immune reactions driven by activated autoreactive lymphocytes are a characteristic feature of these autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which the pathogenic control of autoreactive lymphocytes deviates from physiology can be studied in appropriate animal models under well-defined experimental conditions. Experimental models of autoimmune diseases in rodent inbred strains allow for the genetic mapping of susceptibility loci and might help to identify candidate genes also relevant to the pathogenesis of human diseases. Finally, the experimental models are valuable tools to develop rational immunotherapeutic strategies. Interesting features of some of the models employed for such research will be introduced in this review.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xenobiotic immunosuppressive agents: therapeutic effects in animal models of autoimmune diseases (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Immunosuppressive drugs ; Autoimmune disease ; Animal models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An unprecedented arsenal of new xenobiotic immunosuppressive agents has been developed recently. Most of the new immunosuppressants have been tested primarily in the treatment of allograft rejection in experimental models of transplantation, and some of the new drugs have already proven their safety and efficiency in extensive clinical trials on transplant patients. Another field for their potential application is the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This review will give an overview of the therapeutic potential of the new xenobiotic drugs in different animal models of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, thyroiditis and uveoretinitis. The new xenobiotics are either inhibitors of the de novo synthesis of nucleotides, for example mycophenolate mofetil, mizoribine, leflunomide, and brequinar, or are immunophilin-binding agents (cyclosporin, FK506 and rapamycin) that inhibit signal transduction and cell cycle progression in lymphocytes. A different mode of action is likely to account for the immunosuppressive effects of deoxyspergualin, which may interfere with intracellular chaperoning by the heat shock protein HSP70 and the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050014
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lysosomal elastase: Effect on mechanical and biochemical properties of normal cartilage, inhibition by polysulfonated glycosaminoglycan, and binding to chondrocytes (1981)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 1 (1981), S. 73-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Biomechanics ; Lysosomal elastase ; Proteoglycans ; Collagen ; Cartilage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rheumatic joint destruction usually starts with the destabilisation of cartilage. Lysosomal elastase is a candidate effector of this process, since this enzyme is found at the site of cartilage erosion by rheumatoid synovial tissue. In order to prove this hypothesis we assessed the mechanical stability of cartilage during treatment by this enzyme in vitro. An indentation apparatus was used for this purpose and biochemical as well as microscopic techniques were used to supplement the results thus obtained. Our findings show that elastase irreversibly impairs the stability of cartilage by lysis of matrix proteoglycans without the help of additive enzymes. Collagen fragmentation played no significant role during elastase-induced destabilisation, while specific collagenase attacked the collagen network within the matrix only subsequent to the removal of proteoglycans. These findings suggest that elastase is a leading enzyme during proteolytic cartilage degradation. In addition polysulfonated glycosaminoglycan was found to reduce the mechanical effect of elastase on normal cartilage. It is therefore concluded that local inhibition of elastase promises therapeutic benefit during rheumatic cartilage degradation. Upon treatment of cartilage with elastase we observed this enzyme not only within the matrix under destruction but also bound to chondrocytes. These findings support the hypothesis that elastase plays a role on the matrix not only by direct degradation, but also by an indirect effect mediated through living chondrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541157
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