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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probucol for treatment of hyperlipidemia in persistent childhood nephrotic syndrome (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 13 (1999), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Probucol ; Nephrotic syndrome ; Hyperlipidemia ; Antioxidants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In a prospective, uncontrolled multicenter study, we have evaluated the effects of probucol on hyperlipidemia, proteinuria, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in hyperlipidemic children with persistent nephrotic syndrome. Probucol was started for a total of 12 weeks in 8 children and for 24 weeks in 14 children. Lipoprotein profiles, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, proteinuria, renal function, and electrocardiogram were monitored every 4 weeks. Side effects were recorded by questionnaire. Treatment was completed by 7 of 8 patients for 12 weeks and by 7 of 14 children for 24 weeks. After 12 weeks, the mean serum concentrations of triglycerides (−15%), total cholesterol (−25%), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−27%), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−23%), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (−24%), as well as apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (−19%), apo B (−21%), and MDA (−32%) were reduced. The positive effects of probucol on the lipoprotein profile persisted over 24 weeks; however, there was no significant effect on either proteinuria or GFR. In conclusion, probucol had beneficial effects on lipoproteins and lipid peroxidation, but improved neither proteinuria nor GFR. The drug was generally tolerated well, but had to be discontinued because of a prolonged QT interval in 4 of 22 patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050554
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of accumulation of midazolam in plasma and lipoprotein fractions during intravenous lipid infusions in patients on artificial respiration (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Midazolam ; lipoprotein binding ; albumin binding ; plasma triglycerides ; intravenous lipid infusions ; severely ill patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Severely ill patients often require total parenteral nutrition including intravenous liqid emulsions concurrently administered with lipophilic drugs. Therefore we investigated whether therapeutic application of a mixed medium chain/long chain triglyceride infusion affects the disposition of midazolam necessary for sedation in patients on artificial respiration. The concentrations of midazolam were measured in unfractionated plasma, and in lipoprotein fractions isolated from ex vivo blood samples, including determination of triglycerides and cholesterol; the albumin level was also analysed. Midazolam in the VLDL fraction was only 0.246 μg·ml−1, whereas the total plasma concentration averaged 1.101 μg·ml−1, and the midazolam content of the LDL plus HDL fractions amounted to 1.771 μg·ml−1. Albumin in these lipoprotein fractions was just as unequally distributed. A lipid infusion resulted in a significant elevation of total triglycerides from 157 to 221 mg·dl−1 and VLDL-triglycerides from 77 to 155 mg·dl−1. The triglyceride content of the LDL plus HDL fraction rose from 102 to 139 mg·dl−1. At the same time the midazolam concentration in unfractionated plasma and in the VLDL and the LDL + HDL fractions decreased to 0.899 μg·ml−1, 0.130 μg·ml−1, and 1.265 μg·ml−1, respectively. Cholesterol and albumin concentrations were not affected. The data show for the first time that a significant increase in plasma triglycerides during an intravenous lipid infusion does not result in accumulation of midazolam in lipoproteins, probably because albumin binding of the drug is very strong. The lack of midazolam trapping is important with respect to the safety of concurrent use of lipophilic drugs and intravenous lipid infusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314923
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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