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  • Aorto-iliac occlusive disease  (1)
  • Architecture  (1)
  • Basilar artery stenosis  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 237 (1988), S. 91-100 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Basilar artery stenosis ; Basilar artery occlusion ; Continuous-wave Doppler sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the past 5 years we have investigated 29 patients with symptomatic basilar artery stenoses (14 cases) and occlusions (14) and a patent primitive trigeminal artery with thin-calibered basilar and vertebral arteries (1) using directional continuous-wave Doppler sonography of the vertebral arteries. A total of 19 patients survived, and 17 of them were clinically and sonographically reexamined after 40.4 ± 15.8 months (mean ± SD). Among the 8 patients with basilar stenoses, 6 — with no further transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in the interval — exhibited an increase in the summed modified Pourcelot indices (relative end-diastolic flow velocities) of the vertebrals by 0.18 ± 0.16; the other 2 showed a decrease by 0.26 each, in 1 case temporally related to a TIA, in the 2nd case without further clinical deterioration. In the 8 survivors with basilar occlusions, 5 remained — by sonographic criteria — unchanged with summed modified Pourcelot indices of the vertebrals of 0.00, while 3 patients exhibited a slight increase in the summed modified Pourcelot indices of 0.13 ± 0.03. While the difference between the outcome of subsets of patients treated with regimens of 30,000–40,000 units heparin/day or phenprocoumon and less radical drugs were statistically not significant, the former regimen appeared clinically more efficacious in preventing further deterioration in approximately two-thirds of the patients affected. Due to the potential recurrence of neurological symptoms, a treatment period with phenprocoumon of 6 months after discharge from hospital appears justified. Due to these therapeutic efforts, approximately half of the patients initially affected survived with no or only a mild neurological deficit. Directional continuous-wave Doppler sonography is, in our opinion, a reliable technique for examining the short- and long-term changes in peripheral vascular resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 344 (1977), S. 41-52 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Aorto-iliac occlusive disease ; Classification into 4 categories ; Choice of procedure ; Late results of endarterectomy and dacron bypass grafts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An der Heidelberger Klinik wurden von 1959-1974 1080 Wiederherstellungsoperationen zur Korrektur chronischer aorto-iliacaler Verschlüsse durchgeführt. Das Durchschnittsalter der 1071 Kranken - Geschlechtsverhältnis Männer : Frauen = 19:1 - betrug 54,2 Jahre. Ätiologisch stand die Arteriosklerose mit 87,9 % im Vordergrund. Entscheidung für die Wahl des Operationsverfahrens ist das morphologische Bild der Verschlußkrankheit, für dessen Klassifizierung 4 Typen vorgeschlagen werden: Segmentverschlüsse (Typ I, 44%); diffuse Veränderungen an Aorta und Beckenarterien (Typ II, 30%); Bifurkationstyp (Typ III, 17%); hoher Aortenverschluß (Typ IV, 9%). In den Jahren 1959-1965 kam das Bypassverfahren als erstes Rekonstruktionsprinzip im aorto-iliacalen Bereich zur Anwendung. Gleichzeitig wurden ab 1961 vereinzelt Desobliterationen durchgeführt. Von 1966 an wurde die halbgeschlossene und die offene Thrombendarteriektomie zum gleichberechtigten und langsam dominierenden Operationsverfahren. Als Indikation für die Ausschälplastik gelten der isolierte ein- oder beidseitige Segmentverschluß (Typ I), der sogenannte Bifurkationstyp (Typ III) und bei jüngeren Patienten diffuse Veränderungen im Bereich der Aorta und Beckenarterien. Die Anlage eines aorto-femoralen Bifurkationsbypass ist beim Gros der Fälle mit diffusen Veränderungen an Aorta und Beckenarterien (Typ II) und beim hohen Aortenverschlu\ (Typ IV) indiziert. 478 Verschlüsse wurden durch Ausschälplastik, 530 durch eine Bifurkationsprothese und 72 durch eine unilaterale Dacronprothese korrigiert. 77% der Fälle kamen im Stadium II nach Fontaine zur Operation. Bei 62% aller aorto-iliacalen Verschlüsse bestand zusätzlich eine Obliteration im femoropoplitealen Gefäßabschnitt. Die Operationsletalität lag bei 6.8 %. Die Ausschälplastik zeigte eine Erfolgsquote von insgesamt 90,7%, der Bifurkationsbypass von 92,2%, der unilaterale Bypass von 77,2%. Die weitere Aufschlüsselung der Ergebnisse in Abhängigkeit von der Nachbeobachtungsdauer ergab für Ausschälplastik und Bifurkationsbypass statistisch übereinstimmende Langzeitergebnisse.
    Notes: Summary An analysis has been made in 1080 aorto-iliac reconstructions performed from 1959 through 1974 at the Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg. The ages of 1071 patients ranged from 20-97 with an average of 54.2 years. The ratio of men to women was 19 to 1. The predominant underlying lesion was atherosclerosis in 87.9 %. The choice of reconstructive procedure is dictated by the nature and extent of the occlusive process beside certain systemic factors. Morphologic characteristics allow the classification into 4 categories of aorto-iliac obliterations: Segmental occlusions (type I, 44 %), diffuse involvement of the iliac arteries and the terminal aorta (type II, 30 %); limitation of the lesion to the bifurcation (type III, 17%); propagation of the process towards the renal arteries (type IV, 9%). From 1959 through 1965 dacron bypass grafting was the most frequently employed procedure. Since 1961 a small number of endarterectomies was carried out. Since 1966 endarterectomy was used in a rising number of cases and has become the most common type of aorto-iliac recontruction in the last 4 years. The indication for endarterectomy is restricted to segmental occlusions (type I), to lesions of the bifurcation (type III) and in younger patients to diffuse obliterations of the iliac arteries and the terminal aorta (type II). The dacron bypass graft is the method of choice in the greater part of diffuse lesions (type II) and in aortic occlusions up to the renal arteries (type IV). Endarterectomy was performed in 478, bilateral bypass grafting in 530 and unilateral bypass grafting in 72 cases. Stage II, i.e. intermittent claudication, was the indication in 77%, stage III and IV, i.e. resting pain and gangrene, in 23% of all reconstructions. Associated occlusive disease of the femoropopliteal arteries was present in 62%. The over-all operative mortality was 6.8%. For all the series endarterectomy showed a patency rate of 90.7%, bilateral bypass grafts of 92.2%, and unilateral bypass grafts of 77.2%. Accumulative patency rates by the life table method do not show statistically significant differences between endarterectomy and bilateral bypass grafts. Our preference for endarterectomy over bypass procedures in recent years seems also to be justified by the uncertain fate of the prostheses and their incorporation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 12 (1993), S. 364-367 
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Ultrasound ; Cortical bone ; Mechanical Properties ; Architecture ; Modulus of Elasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The square of ultrasound transmission velocity in a material is correlated to the modulus of elasticity, which is an indicator of its mechanical properties. This might make the measurement of ultrasound transmission velocity useful in the noninvasive diagnosis of bone diseases. Bone, however, is not an isotropic material but is architecturally structured. The aim of our study was to investigate and especially to quantify the influence of architecture in cortical bone on ultrasound transmission velocity. Twenty-two rectangular, flat specimens of cortical bone were prepared from diaphysis of fresh pig radius. Ultrasound transmission velocity was measured parallel and perpendicular to direction of Haversian channels. It was found to be 3647 ± 41 m/s parallel to and 2821 ± 29 m/s perpendicular to Haversian channels respectively (p〈0.001). Our results clearly indicate that there is an important influence of architecture in cortical bone on ultrasound transmission velocity which has to be taken into account in its clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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