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  • Myasthenia gravis  (2)
  • Ataxia  (1)
  • Clinical scale  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Peroneal muscular atrophy ; Ataxia ; Myoclonic epilepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei zwei Brüdern im Alter von 17 und 11 Jahren fanden sich Pes cavus, fehlende Muskeleigenreflexe, hochgradig gestörte Tiefensensibilität, eine Ataxie, ein Nystagmus, eine Dysarthrie und eine partielle Epilepsie mit myoklonischen Anfällen. Elektromyographisch ließ sich eine hochgradige Verlangsamung der motorischen Erregungsleitung an den unteren Extremitäten mit verlängerter distaler Latenz nachweisen. Eine Biopsie des Nervus peronaeus ergab einen vollständigen Myelinverlust zahlreicher Fasern. Sowohl der Vater wie 7 Onkel väterlicherseits hat einen Pes cavus, Hammerzehen und leichte periphere Sensibilitätsstörungen. Bei 3 von 7 Untersuchten fanden sich eine Verlangsamung der motorischen Erregungsleitung peripherer Nerven. EEG im Bereiche der Norm. Die epileptischen Anfälle manifestierten sich zunächst als Myoklonie der oberen rechten Extremitäten besonders während des Schlafes. Im EEG der beiden Exploranden zeigten sich fokale oder generalisierte epileptische Entladungen. Beim älteren der Brüder trat ein Status partialer motorischer Anfälle mit rechtsseitigen Adversiv-Attacken auf. Er starb plötzlich an einer Bronchopneumonie am 3. Tag des Status epilepticus. Die neuropathologische Untersuchung ergab eine nahezu vollständige Demyelinisierung des Tractus dentatorubralis und eine partielle Degeneration des Gollschen und Burdachschen Tractus im Halsmark. Die Zuordnung dieses Syndromes wird diskutiert und es wird eine autosomal dominante Vererbung mit unvollständiger Penetranz beziehungsweise unterschiedlicher Expressivität angenommen.
    Notes: Summary Two brothers, 17 and 11 years old, presented with pes cavus, absence of deep tendon reflexes, peripheral vibratory sensory loss, ataxia, tremor, nystagmus, dysarthria and partial myoclonic epilepsy. Electromyography showed severe slowing of motor conduction velocity in the lower extremities and increased distal latencies. A peroneal nerve biopsy showed absence of myelin sheath in most fibres resulting in numerous demyelinated nerve fibres. The father and seven uncles on the paternal side had pes cavus, hammer toes and moderate vibratory peripheral sensory loss. Three of seven siblings had slow motor conduction velocities on EMG. None had EEG abnormalities. Epilepsy started at an early age in both patients with myoclonic jerks of the right arm especially during sleep. EEG recordings were characterized by focal or diffuse epileptiform discharges. In the elder brother a partial motor epileptic status occurred with adversive seizures involving the right side of the body. He died of a broncopneumonia after 3 days of this epileptic status. Histopathological examination showed a severe demyelination of dentato-rubral pathways in the cerebellum and a partial degeneration of Goll and Burdach's tracts in the cervical spinal cord. The nosological classification of this syndrome is discussed and an autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance or variable expressivity is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Myasthenia gravis ; Multicentre follow-up study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A multicentre retrospective study was carried out on the characteristics and course of myasthenia gravis (MG) in Italy. Data from 1152 patients, fairly representative of the myasthenic population seeking medical advice, were analysed for diagnostic criteria, clinical aspects and therapeutic approaches. Mean follow-up was 4.9 years. The disease was correctly diagnosed within 2 years of the onset in 80% of cases. Onset of symptoms peaked in the second and third decade in females and fell between 20 and 59 years in males. At first observation 87% of the patients had generalized MG. Maximal worsening was observed within 3 years in 77% of patients. At the last follow-up, 35% of cases were symptom-free (pharmacological remission 24%, remission without treatment 11%). The more severe the disease at the first observation and at the maximal worsening of symptoms, the lower was the proportion of remissions. Steroids were given in 54% and immunosuppressants in 18%. Thymectomy was performed in 72%, mostly in women, younger than age 40, and with generalized MG. Thymectomy seemed to improve the course of the disease, mostly in patients operated on shortly after diagnosis and those with generalized mild-to-moderate disease and with a normally involuted thymus. MG was lethal in 4% of patients, principally men, older than 40, in grade 3 or worse at first observation, with a short history of disease, and with thymona.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 220 (1979), S. 21-29 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Thymic scan ; Thymus hyperplasia ; Thymoma ; Myasthenia gravis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 53 Patienten wurden mit einem 75Se-Methionin-Scan untersucht, um die Rolle der Thymusdrüse bei der Myasthenia Gravis zu beurteilen. Die Thymusdrüsen von 28 dieser Patienten wurden histologisch untersucht. Fünf von sechs primären Thymustumoren konnten mit dieser Technik nachgewiesen werden, und 8 von 12 Hyperplasien wurden festgestellt. Die oben genannten Daten sprechen dafür, daß 75Se-Methionin-Scan eine nützliche, nicht schädliche Untersuchung ist, um Neoplasien und abnorme Keimzentren zu diagnostizieren.
    Notes: Summary Fifty-three patients were investigated by 75Se methionine scan in order to evaluate the role of the thymus gland in myasthenia gravis. The thymus of 28 of the above patients was examined histologically. Five out of six thymomas were detected with this technique and eight out of twelve hyperplasias were revealed. The above data suggests that 75Se methionine scan is a useful, innocuous tool for diagnosing neoplasms and abnormal germinal centers in thymus glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 21 (2000), S. S975 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Key words Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy ; CT scan ; Clinical scale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Knowledge of selective muscle-involvement is useful to the clinician. Therefore we investigated in sarcoglycanopathy and dysferlinopathy: (i) the correlation between clinical scale, MRC scale and CT findings and (ii) the muscles involved. Patients with a definite diagnosis of dysferlinopathy and sacroglycanopathy were tested for their clinical functions and muscle strength and assigned a functional grade. Nineteen muscles were evaluated by CT. In dysferlinopathy, distal lower-limb muscles are involved, while in sarcoglycanopathy proximal muscles are more affected. In both groups, muscles with MRC 〈3 often had severe abnormalities on CT imaging, while muscles with MRC 〉4 could be either normal or abnormal. Dysferlinopathy and sarcoglycanopathy have different and selective muscle involvement. This may affect certain types of functional activity. There is a possible relationship between CT findings and MRC grade in muscles with a low (〈3) MRC grade. Abnormality on CT scan may precede the clinical symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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