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  • Bone  (2)
  • Chondrogenesis  (2)
  • BMP receptors  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bone morphogenetic proteins and skeletal development: the kidney-bone connection (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 14 (2000), S. 598-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Morphogens ; Cytokines ; Cartilage ; BMP receptors
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of pleiotropic morphogens isolated and cloned from the demineralized extracellular matrix of bone. BMPs and related cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) initiate, promote and maintain bone and cartilage. The pleiotropic effects of BMPs are based on concentration-dependent thresholds. Targeted disruption of gene action by homologous recombination has demonstrated the role of BMP 7 in kidney, eye and skeletal development. BMP 7 is critical for kidney tubulogenesis, retinal pigmented epithelium differentiation and skeletal pattern. BMP 7 is also synthesized by the kidney and is detectable in serum; hence BMP 7 is both an autocrine and endocrine morphogen. It is likely renal BMP 7 may influence skeletal development and growth in children although there may be sources of other BMPs with skeletogenic actions. In conclusion, we are beginning to unravel the mysteries of kidney-bone connection with special reference to pediatric nephrology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670000364
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in proline synthetic and degradative enzymes during matrix-induced cartilage and bone formation (1979)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Proline ; Cartilage ; Bone
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Proline biosynthetic and degradative enzymes are unevenly distributed in differentiated mammalian tissues. Activities of the synthetic enzymes are relatively high in collagenous tissues, whereas activities of the degradative enzymes are high in noncollagenous tissues. In order to further characterize tissue-specific proline biosynthesis and degradation, we have determined proline enzyme activities during cartilage and bone formation induced by demineralized bone matrix. We can thus follow temporal changes in enzyme activity in a single tissue as different cell types develop. Ornithine aminotransferase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase have peaks of activity which correlate with maximal type II collagen synthesis by chondrocytes. Both enzymes also are active during bone formation. In contrast, proline oxidase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase are present at low levels and do not change as new cell types appear. Arginase activity peaks during the first 3 days and then rapidly decreases by the time cartilage and bone formation begin. These observations further substantiate the importance of proline biosynthesis in collagenous tissues. The close correlation between ornithine aminotransferase activity and type II collagen synthesis suggests that the pathway from ornithine to proline may be especially important during formation of type II collagen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441197
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of a bone matrix-derived chemotactic factor (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Chemotaxis ; Bone ; Osteoblasts ; Bone proteins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary When demineralized bone matrix powder is implanted subcutaneously in the rat, the early responses involve the appearance and proliferation of mesenchymal cells at the site of implantation, followed by cartilage and bone formation. The ability of cells to migrate to the implant suggests that chemotaxis may be a critical event in this process. Therefore, using the modified Boyden chamber assay, we tested extracts of demineralized bone matrix for chemotactic activity. We have identified and partially purified, on molecular sieve chromatography, a heat labile and trypsin-sensitive protein (Mr=60,000–70,000) that is a potent chemoattractant for mouse calvaria, osteoblast-like cells (MMB-1), but not for monocytes (putative osteoclast precursors). These findings suggest that chemotactic protein(s) have a significant role in the recruitment of osteoprogenitor cells to a site of bone repair.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405081
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Somatostatin can locally inhibit proliferation and differentiation of cartilage and bone precursor cells (1981)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 425-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone induction ; Insulin ; Chondrogenesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The influence of somatostatin on discrete stages of collagenous-matrix-induced endochondral bone formation has been investigated. Local injection of somatostatin, i.e., without any measurable systemic effect, resulted in a 75% reduction of cell proliferation as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation and ornithine decarboxylase activities. The minimum effective inhibitory dose of somatostatin was 0.25 µg/day. Twice daily local injections of the hormone during cartilage formation also resulted in an inhibition, but this was shown to be due to impaired cell proliferation rather than to a direct effect of somatostatin on differentiation. Injection of somatostatin into developing bone tissue after the cartilage stage impaired osteogenesis, assessed by45Ca incorporation and alkaline phosphatase activity. Concurrent injections of insulin and somatostatin obliterated the inhibitory effect of the latter on cell proliferation. Somatostatin can locally regulate the proliferation and differentiation of chondroprogenitor and osteoprogenitor cells in vivo and may directly contribute to the regulation of bone growth by its ability to counteract the stimulatory effect of insulin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409466
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of vitamin A on matrix-induced endochondral bone formation (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 732-739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Mesenchymol cell proliferation ; Chondrogenesis ; Osteogenesis ; Proteoglycans
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The influence of retinoic acid on matrix-induced endochondral bone differentiation was determined. Retinoic acid was administered during discrete stages of endochondral bone formation, specifically, mesenchymal cell proliferation, chondrogenesis, bone formation, and mineralization. In retinoic acid-treated rats examined on day 3 following matrix implantation, biochemical markers for mesenchymal cell proliferation were about 50% of the controls. Chondrogenesis on day 7, assessed by35SO4 incorporation into proteoglycans, was 27% of the control. In addition, dissociative extraction of proteoglycans with 4.0 M guanidine-HCl and chromatography on Sepharose CL-2B revealed the synthesis of a smaller molecular weight proteoglycan when compared to controls which exhibited the cartilage-specific type. Osteogenesis and bone mineralization were monitored by alkaline phosphatase activity and45Ca incorporation. On day 11 alkaline phosphatase activity was decreased by 40% and45Ca incorporation was 48% of the control. These results revealed the multiple foci of the actions of excess vitamin A.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405115
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