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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the cerebello-thalamo-cerebral pathway for the parietal cortex (1972)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 16 (1972), S. 89-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Thalamus ; Parietal Cortex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The cerebello-thalamo-cerebral projection system mediating the cerebellar-induced “superficial thalamo-cortical (T-C) response” (the basic type of the so-called recruiting response) to the anterior part of the middle suprasylvian gyrus was investigated electrophysiologically. Responses of thalamic neurones to stimulation of the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar nucleus (medial, interpositus and lateral) were recorded by microelectrodes. 2. In the anterior portions of the ventral thalamic nuclear complex, presumably in and/or around the ventral anterior (VA) nucleus, there were found neurones responding antidromically to stimulation of the suprasylvian cortex and orthodromically to that of the interpositus and the lateral nucleus of the cerebellum. They were called P neurones. The neurones responding antidromically to stimulation of the anterior sigmoid cortex and orthodromically to that of the cerebellar nuclei located mostly caudo ventrolateral to the place of P neurones, presumably in and/or around the ventral lateral (VL) nucleus. These were called F neurones. 3. The cerebellar excitation of P neurones was estimated on its latency to be monosynaptic and was usually followed by an inhibition lasting for more than 100 msec. Large unitary EPSPs were sometimes noted in P neurones on cerebellar stimulation as well as spontaneously. It was concluded that P neurones constitute the direct T-C projection system mediating the superficial T-C response (e. g., recruiting response) to the parietal cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233376
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical field potentials preceding visually initiated hand movements and cerebellar actions in the monkey (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Premovement cortical potential ; Visually initiated movement ; Cerebellum ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cortical field potentials preceding hand movements initiated by a visual stimulus were recorded with chronically implanted electrodes in premotor, motor and somatosensory cortices of monkeys, and the influences of cerebellar hemispherectomy on cortical potentials as well as reaction time of movements were examined. As reported previously, early surface-positive, depth-negative (2.5–3 mm depth from the cortical surface) premovement potentials emerged at about 40 ms latency after onset of the light stimulus bilaterally in premotor and forelimb motor areas. Early potentials in the forelimb motor area contralateral to the moving hand were followed at about 120 ms latency by surface-negative, depth-positive late premovement potentials which are considered to be mainly composed of superficial thalamo-cortical (T-C) responses. Unilateral hemispherectomy of the cerebellum contralateral to the motor area immediately eliminated the surface-negative, depth-positive potentials. Reaction time from onset of the light stimulus to the hand movement was prolonged by 90–250 ms after cerebellar hemispherectomy. If the dentate and interpositus nuclei were also lesioned, disappearance of the late potentials and delay of the movement continued for many months. However, if the interpositus was spared, there was earlier recovery of reaction time with simultaneous reappearance of the late premovement potentials in the motor cortex. The conclusion is drawn that the cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) activates the motor cortex via superficial T-C projections and participates directly in the initiation of reaction movements in response to an external stimulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238095
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acyloin condensation in aqueous system by durable polymer-supported thiazolium salt catalysts (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1711-1717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: durable catalyst ; thiazolium salt ; aqueous system ; acyloin condensation ; enzyme model ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We characterized three low-molecular-weight thiazolium salt analogues: N-methyl-5-(2′-benzyloxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium iodide (MBMTI), N-methyl-4-phenylthiazolium iodide (MPTI), and N-methylbenzothiazolium iodide (MBTI). MBMTI, having high-electron density on the thiezolium ring, was found to be a durable thiazolium salt in buffer solution. Then, the polymer-supported thiazolium salt catalyst having MBMTI structure as a catalytic site for acyloin condensation was prepared by the polymerization of the corresponding thiazole monomer and the following quaternization. The polymer catalyst had excellent catalytic activity even in buffer solution, while the corresponding low molecular weight catalyst did not show any activity in aqueous system. Furthermore, the durable polymer catalyst could be reused under the aqueous condition. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320913
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of vinyl chloride with n-butyl titanate-aluminum alkyls (1964)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 2 (1964), S. 487-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1964.110020502
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