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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil organic matter composition and pesticide bonding in sandy soils in relation to groundwater protection in the Northwest German Lower Plain (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Soil organic matter ; Microbial activity ; Groundwater contamination ; Pesticides ; Spodic horizons ; Landscape planning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In sandy gleyic soils with a low groundwater table under arboriculture in Northwest Germany, a wide variation of groundwater pollution by pesticides has been observed. We therefore examined data on microbial activity and soil organic matter composition by wet chemistry, cross-polarization magic-angle spinning and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and pyrolysis–field ionization mass spectromy. However, neither microbial activity nor the soil organic matter composition of cultivated topsoils explained the differences in xenobiotic leaching into the groundwater. Data from Anthrosols suggested that these soils have a higher capacity for pesticide bonding because of high amounts of aromatic and carboxylic C moieties in the soil organic matter. However, despite the same pesticide inputs and time of application, the leached output from these soils was higher than that from the Podzols. Initial data from subsoil investigations suggest that the presence of a spodic horizon most likely reduces groundwater pollution by pesticides. Studies to assess fixation capacity and desorption kinetics in Bh horison seem warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335954
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of a low humus level in arable soils on microbial properties, soil organic matter quality and crop yield (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 156-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Soil cultivation ; Carbon loss ; Microbial biomass ; Enzyme activities ; Soil organic matter quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  In arable soils in Schleswig-Holstein (Northwest Germany) nearly 30% of the total organic C (TOC) stored in former times in the soil has been mineralized in the last 20 years. Microbial biomass, enzyme activities and the soil organic matter (SOM) composition were investigated in order to elucidate if a low TOC level affects microbial parameters, SOM quality and crop yield. Microbial biomass C (Cmic) and enzyme activities decreased in soils with a low TOC level compared to soils with a typical TOC level. The decrease in the Cmic/TOC ratio suggested low-level, steady-state microbial activity. The SOM quality changed with respect to an enrichment of initial litter compounds in the top soil layers with a low TOC level. Recent management of the soils had not maintained a desirable level of humic compounds. However, we found no significant decrease in crop yield. We suggest that microbial biomass and dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities are not necessarily indicators of soil fertility in soils with a high fertilization level without forage production and manure application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050478
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil organic matter composition and pesticide bonding in sandy soils in relation to groundwater protection in the Northwest German Lower Plain (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 266-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Soil organic matter ; Microbial activity ; Groundwater contamination ; Pesticides ; Spodic horizons ; Landscape planning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In sandy gleyic soils with a low groundwater table under arboriculture in Northwest Germany, a wide variation of groundwater pollution by pesticides has been observed. We therefore examined data on microbial activity and soil organic matter composition by wet chemistry, cross-polarization magic-angle spinning and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectromy. However, neither microbial activity nor the soil organic matter composition of cultivated topsoils explained the differences in xenobiotic leaching into the groundwater. Data from Anthrosols suggested that these soils have a higher capacity for pesticide bonding because of high amounts of aromatic and carboxylic C moieties in the soil organic matter. However, despite the same pesticide inputs and time of application, the leached output from these soils was higher than that from the Podzols. Initial data from subsoil investigations suggest that the presence of a spodic horizon most likely reduces groundwater pollution by pesticides. Studies to assess fixation capacity and desorption kinetics in Bh horison seem warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335954
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of biological methods to determine the microbiological activity of soils under cultivation (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 13 (1992), S. 242-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Biological activity ; P availability ; Microbial biomass ; Alkaline phosphatase activity ; Dehydrogenase activity ; Soil cultivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In Ap horizons of typical arable soils under cereals in Northwest Germany, biological activity was estimated by measuring microbial activity. Twelve soils on local farms and six soils on a research farm were analysed. Microbial biomass, dehydrogenase activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity were compared with the biological availability of P, an index describing the relationship among several P fractions that has been used in ecological agriculture. The correlation between the microbial biomass and dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity was strong but the correlation between the biological availability of P and the enzyme activities was weak. In contrast, in the farm fields, there was a significant correlation between the microbial biomass and the biological availability of P. The correlation between the biological availability of P and pH was highly significant (r=0.65–0.93***). Explanations for these correlations are discussed and proposals for further investigations are made. (1) Is the pH effect a direct chemical one or an indirect biological one? (2) Which soil organisms affect the biological availability of P in contrast to the microbial biomass, dehydrogenase activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity? (3) Is the method suitable for the investigation of all arable soils?
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340583
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    d-NMR-Untersuchungen der behinderten Rotation am N—C(X)-Bindungsfragment. XV. Beeinflussung der Rotationsbarriere im NR2—C(X)—R1-Bindungsfragment durch elektronische und sterische SubstituenteneffekteHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. H. G. O. Becker zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 29-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: d-N.M.R. Investigations of the Restricted Rotation at the N—C(X)-Bonding Fragment. XV. Influence of the Rotational Barrier in the NR2—C(X)-R1-Bonding Fragment by Electronic and Steric Substituent Effects.The rotational barriers ΔG≠ of the restricted rotation about partial C,N-double bonds are determined for 4 series of urea-derivatives, and analogous compounds by complete lineshape analysis and approximation equations. Some general conclusions are drawn about the validity range of the approximations independence on the low temperature splitting Δν, the possible corrections within the margin of error and the internal temperature measurement. The dependence of the determined free enthalpies of activation about the effect of heteroatoms X, the NR2-substituents and the electronic and steric influence of the substituents R1 are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240106
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chemie der Acylthioharnstoffe. IIIAls II. Mitt. gilt: Lit. [1]; als I. Mitt.: J. Liebscher u. H. Hartmann, Z. Chem. 14, 470 (1974).. Bildung von 1,3,5-Thiadiazin-2-thionen bei Acylsenföl-Amin-Umsetzungen (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 320 (1978), S. 647-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Chemistry of Acylthioureas. III. Synthesis of 1,3,5-Thiadiazine-2-thiones by the Reaction of Acylisothiocyanates with AminesIn course of synthesis of benzoyl-thioureas from benzoyl-isothiocyanate and sec. amines some new 6-amino-4-phenyl-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione 5 are prepared and characterized chemically and spectroscopically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19783200418
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesen und Eigenschaften Mono- und diphenylsubstituierter Monothio-β-dicarbonylverbindungen und ihrer Nickel(II)chelateHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. H. G. O. Becker zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 324 (1982), S. 292-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses and Properties of Mono- and Disubstituted Monothio-β-dicarbonyl Compounds and their Nickel(II) chelatesReaction of phenylacetaldehyde with phosphorous oxichloride and dimethylformamide yielded 3-chloro-2-phenyl-propenal, which was converted into 2-phenyl-monothiomalonic dialdehyde 2 by treating with sodium sulfide nonahydrate. Furthermore the reactions of other mono- and diphenylsubstituted monothio-β-dicarbonyl compounds with aniline on the one side and nickel(II)acetate on the other side have been studied. It was shown, that compounds 1-6 react in different way with aniline yielding either sulfur free products or in case of 1 and 4 enaminothioketones, which are of interest as building blocks for syntheses.In contrast to this the nickel complexes of 1-6 indicates an one another similar, typical chelate structure, which have been elucidated by u.v.-vis-, i.r.- and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19823240213
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Säurestärke und Komplexbildung von Curcuminoiden (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 330 (1988), S. 111-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acidity and Complex Formation of CurcuminoidsThe stoichiometric acid dissociation constants of curcumin 1a and derivatives as well as the stoichiometric stability constants of the Cu(II)- and Ni(II)-complexes of these substances have been determined by pH-potentiometric titrations in dioxane-water mixture.The influence of different substituents on the pKa-values and the stability constants is discussed. The complexing properties of the —CO—CH2—CO— structural element of the ligands are not significantly changed when the phenyl group is substituted by the styryl group. Solid CuL2-complexes have been characterized. The coordination of the ester group in the tricarbonyl ligand systems 4 was excluded by i.r. spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19883300120
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ligand Properties of N-Acyl-thiocarbamic-O-alkylesters - A new class of aza-analogous 1,3-thioxoketones (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 337 (1995), S. 184-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of six N-benzoyl-thiocarbamic-O-alkylesters (R=Me, Et, i-Pr, Benzyl, n-Hex, n-Dodec; 1-6) has been prepared and characterized. They are weak monoprotic acids. The compounds behave as fairly stable and versatile bidentate (O,S)-chelating ligands towards multivalent metal ions e. g. Ni(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) the stability constants of which have been determined in 75 vol% dioxane/water. The molecular structure of bis(O-ethyl-N-benzoylthiocarbamato)nickel(II) 2a is presented. The coordination of the nickel atom is square planar with the two sulphur atoms in cis position.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19953370141
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und 1H-NMR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen neuer Curcuminanaloga (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 334 (1992), S. 696-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and 1H-NMR Spectroscopic Investigations of New Curcumin AnalogaThe synthesis of numerous symmetric and non-symmetric curcumin(hetero) analoga (1-3) systematic variation of the conjugated chain and substituents is described. The structure of most compounds is confirmed by 1H-n.m.r.-spectroscopy. All compounds show E-configuration. Conjugation and tautomerism are discussed based on spectroscopic data.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19923340810
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