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  • Chemotherapie  (2)
  • Refractory neoplasms  (2)
  • nucleare RNA  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of aclacinomycin A in acute leukemia and various solid tumors (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 105 (1983), S. 162-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Aclacinomycin A ; Phase II study ; Refractory neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aclacinomycin A (ACM) is a new anthracycline antibiotic with a reduced cardiac toxicity in animal models. A phase II study was performed in a total of 25 patients, 23 of whom are evaluable for response. All suffered from recurrent and advanced tumors. Pretreatment consisted of at least four different chemotherapeutic agents (range: 4–9). Lung cancer patients (3/9) were irradiated to the mediastinum. Eighteen patients were pretreated with doxo- or daunomycin. The dose for solid tumors was 2–3 mg/kg given on 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks. Leukemia patients received a daily dose of 20 mg/m2, and standard response criteria were used. Marked reductions of leukocyte counts were achieved in leukemia patients. The overall response rate was about 15% in solid tumors, but major objective responses (CR+PR) have not been observed. Myelosuppression was commonly moderate in solid tumor patients, nausea and vomiting were rare, and alopecia was not induced. Cumulative cardiotoxicity was not evaluated in this trial. Treatment with ACM requires further investigation in acute leukemias and solid tumors, not pretreated with anthracycline antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406927
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of rapidly labelled nuclear RNA of high specific activity from human leukaemic cells (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 677-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human Leukaemia ; 32P-orthophosphate ; nuclear RNA ; Menschliche Leukämie ; 32P-Orthophosphat ; nucleare RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden Methoden zur Präparation von nuklearer RNA hoher spezifischer Aktivität aus menschlichen Leukämiezellen beschrieben. Das Inkubationsmedium basiert auf Hepes-Puffer und der Verwendung von dialysiertem Kalbsserum zur Verbesserung der Bedingungen für den32P-Orthophosphat-Einbau in die hochmolekulare Kern-RNA. Die erreichten spezifischen Aktivitäten erlauben detaillierte Nucleotid- und Oligonucleotidanalysen der verschiedenartigen Ribonucleinsäurespezies in menschlichen Leukämiezellen.
    Notes: Summary Methods are presented which provide the preparation of highly labelled nuclear RNA from cells of the different forms of human leukaemia. An incubation medium is described that is based on Hepes buffer and on the use of exhaustively dialyzed fetal calf serum offering suitable conditions for the uptake of32P-orthophosphate into the RNA of leukaemic nuclei. The specific activities reached may allow more detailed nucleotide and oligonucleotide analyses of the various RNA species present in human leukaemic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468172
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in nuclear RNA labelling patterns of BURKITT lymphoma, leukaemic lymphosarcoma and various human leukaemias (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 680-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: BURKITT lymphoma ; leukaemic lymphosarcoma ; chronic myelotic leukaemia (CML) ; acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) ; chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) ; 32P-orthophosphate ; nuclear RNA ; Burkitt-Lymphom ; leukämische Lymphosarcomatose ; akute myeloische Leukämie (AML) ; chronischmyeloische Leukämie (CML) ; chronisch-lymphatische Leukämie (CLL) ; 32P-Orthophosphat ; nucleare RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Aus Zellen des Burkitt-Lymphoms, eukämischer Lymphosarcomatose, chronisch-lymphatischer Leukämie, chronisch-myeloischer und akuter myeloischer Leukämie wurden nach sechsstündiger32P-Markierung in einem phosphatarmen Medium Zellkerne mit Hilfe des Zitronensäure-Verfahrens isoliert und die nucleare RNA mit der heißen Phenol-SDS-Methode extrahiert. Nach Fraktionierung der kernspezifischen Nucleinsäuren über Zucker-Dichtegradienten fanden sich markante Unterschiede in der32P-Radioaktivitätsverteilung. Insbesondere war eine differente Markierung der nuclearen 45S RNA, welche als Vorläufer ribosomaler 28S und 18S RNA gilt, festzustellen. Die niedrigsten spezifischen Aktivitäten des ribosomalen Vorläufers fanden sich bei der CML, die höchsten bei AML, leukämischem Lymphosarkom und Burkitt-Tumor. Bemerkenswert erscheint die aktive Synthese präribosomaler (45S/35S) RNA in Zellen der CLL, deren DNA-Syntheserate äußerst niedrig ist. Zur Klärung der Frage, ob die im Nucleolus der unreifen Zellen gebildeten hochmolekularen Nucleinsäuren quantitative oder qualitative Unterschiede zwischen myeloischen und lymphatischen Zellen aufweisen, sind strukturchemische Untersuchungen im Gange.
    Notes: Summary Nuclear RNA was isolated from citric acid nuclei derived from AML, CML, CLL, leukaemic lymphosarcoma and BURKITT lymphoma cells after 6 hours incubation with32P-orthophosphate in a phosphate-free medium. In fractionations on sucrose density gradients, marked differences were found in the distribution of the32P-radioactivity mainly in the 45S fraction containing the ribosomal precursor RNA. The lowest specific activities of nuclear 45S RNA were found in CML; very high labelling accurred in cells of AML, leukaemic lymphosarcoma and BURKITT lymphoma. In CLL cells which are known for lack in DNA synthesis, pre-ribosomal 45S and 35S RNA were labelled to a remarkable extent. Studies are in progress in order to define possible differences in nuclear RNA structures between lymphocytic and granulocytic cell lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468173
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4′-Epi-doxorubicin — A clinical phase-II trial in solid tumors (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 107 (1984), S. 38-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: 4′-Epi-doxorubicin ; Phase-II trial ; Refractory neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 4′-Epi-doxorubicin is a new anthracycline analog with reduced cardiac toxicity in animal studies. A phase-II study was performed in 17 patients predominantly with non-small-cell lung cancer. All suffered from recurrent or advanced tumors and 7 of 16 evaluable patients had been pretreated with an alternative chemotherapy. 4′-Epi-doxorubicin was applied at a dose of 75 mg/m2 every 3–4 weeks. The median total dose was 280 mg (range: 130–250 mg). Only one patient with epidermoid lung cancer (overall response rate: 6%) showed a minor response and stable disease was observed in six other patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Myelosuppression was rare and moderate: Leukocytopenia of less than 2,000/mm3 occurred in 25% of patients and thrombocytopenia of less than 100,000/mm3 in 8% of patients. The frequency of alopecia and gastrointestinal side effects was 88% and 80%, respectively. Persistent electrocardiographic alterations were recorded in 2 of 14 (14%) patients. One of four patients revealed a marked reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction in radionuclide cardiography. It is concluded that 4′-epi-doxorubicin is not superior to adriamycin in this low-prospect treatment area, but studies with increased doses appear necessary in adriamycin-sensitive tumors because of recent reports from phase-III trials showing reduced cardiac and gastrointestinal toxicity with 4′-epi-doxorubicin in comparison with adriamycin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395488
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pronounced antiemetic activity of the antipsychotic drug levomepromacine (L) in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 97 (1980), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Chemotherapie ; Antiemese ; Levomepromazin ; Chemotherapy ; Antiemetics ; Levomepromacine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The antiemetic quality of the orally administered phenothiazine derivative levomepromacine was studied under clinical conditions in cancer patients receiving either cisplatin alone, ifosfamide alone or adriamycincontaining combinations. Seventy of 113 evaluable patients (62%)-all refractory to conventional antiemetics-were fully protected from nausea and vomiting when levomepromacine (2×8–15 mg) was administered in two steps (12 h and 1 h before the cytotoxic agents). Another 34% of all patients showed considerable improvement with respect to gastrointestinal side effects. The most pronounced effect with levomepromacine was seen in patients treated with a 20 mg/m2 daily×5 schedule of cisplatin but complete or partial relief was also seen with high single cisplatin doses of 50–100 mg/m2. In addition, the antiemetic showed effectiveness against nausea and vomiting induced by other agents, such as adriamycin or isofosfamide. Although a final evaluation of the antiemetic effect of levomepromacine will have to be based on a double-blind study, these initial observations have already been of great value for many patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unter stationär-klinischen Bedingungen wurde die zufällig beobactete antiemetische Qualität des oral angewandten Phenothiazinderivats Levomepromazin bei Tumorpatienten untersucht, welche entweder mit Cisplatin, Iphosphamid oder Adriamycin-haltigen Kombinationen behandelt wurden. Alle auswertbaren Patienten waren refraktät genenüber konventionellen Antiemetika. Bei einer Gesamtzahl von 113 Patienten konnte in insgesamt 70 Fällen (62%) ein voller Schutz vor Übelkeit und Erbrechen durch eine zweimalige Anwendung von Levomepromazin in einer Dosierung von 8–15 mg je 12 Std und 1 Std vor Beginn der Chemotherapie bewirkt werden. Bei weiteren 34% aller Patienten war eine deutliche subjektive Besserung hinsichtlich der gastrointestinalen Nebenwirkungen zu verzeichnen. Am ausgeprägtesten war der antiemetische Effekt von Levomepromazin bei Patienten unter konventioneller Cisplatin-Therapie (20 mg/m2 täglich×5), jedoch konnte eine eindeutige Wirkung auch bei hohen Cisplatindosen bis 100 mg/m2, welche normalerweise zusehr starken Nebenerscheinungen führten, nachgewiesen werden. Darüber hinaus war der antiemetische Effekt von Levomepromazin auch gegen Übelkeit und Erbrechen im Zusammenhang mit Adriamycin oder Iphosphamid wirkungsvoll. Obwohl eine endgültige Beurteilung des antiemetischen Effekts von Levomepromazin erst auf der Basis einer Doppelblindstudie möglich sein wird, was das Medikament bereits bei zahlreichen Patienten von großem Wert für die praktische Durchführung einer effektiven Zytostatikathepie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411281
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combination chemotherapy with ifosfamide and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) in advanced malignant melanoma (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 97 (1980), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Malignes Melanom ; Chemotherapie ; Ifosfamid ; Cisplatin ; Malignant melanoma ; Chemotherapy ; Ifosfamide ; Cisplatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Twenty-five patients with measurable lesions of advanced malignant melanoma received a combined chemotherapy containing cis-dichlordiammineplatinum (II) (cisplatin) 30 mg daily at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and ifosfamide 45 mg/kg at days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Most of the patients had been previously treated with DTIC or DTIC-containing combinations. An objective response was observed in 10 patients including three complete and seven partial remissions. Medium survival was 3 months for nonresponders and 6 months for responders. Nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy could be reduced effecttively by the use of levomepromacine (Neurocil). Hematologic toxicity was considerable in extensively pretreated patients and made it necessary to postpone subsequent courses in two cases.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fünfundzwanzig Patienten mit metastasierendem malignem Melanom und gut dokumentierbaren Tumorparametern wurden mit einer kombinierten zytostatischen Chemotherapie, bestehend aus Cisplatin und Ifosfamid, behandelt. Cisplatin wurde an den Tagen 1, 3, 5, 7 und 9 in der Tagesdosis von 30 mg und Ifosfamid in einer Dosis von 45 mg/kg an den Tagen 2, 4, 6, 8 und 10 verabreicht. Die meisten Patienten waren zuvor mit DTIC oder DTIC-haltigen zytostatischen Kombinationen behandelt worden. In drei Fällen wurde eine komplette Remission und in sieben Fällen eine Teilremission mit über 50% Tumorreduktion erreicht. Die mittlere Überlebenszeit betrug für therapieresistente Fälle 3 Monate und für Ansprecher 6 Monate. Erbrechen und Übelkeit während der Behandlung konnte durch die Verabreichung von Levomepromazin (Neurocil) reduziert werden. Die hämatologische Toxizität war bei intensiv vorbehandelten Patienten erheblich und machte eine Verlängerung des therapiefreien Intervalls in zwei Fällen erforderlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405782
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