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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypergastrinaemia evoked by omeprazole stimulates growth of gastric mucosa but not of pancreas or intestines in hamster, guinea pig and chicken
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 23 (1988), S. 105-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Keywords: Acid blockade ; Chicken ; Guinea pig ; Hamster ; Hypergastrinemia ; Omeprazole ; Trophic effect
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(88)90426-0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin and distribution of neuropeptide Y-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and substance P-containing nerve fibers in the urinary bladder of the rat (1985)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 239 (1985), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptides ; Autonomic denervation ; Neuropeptide Y ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ; Substance P ; Urinary bladder ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The origin and distribution in the urinary bladder of nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and substance P (SP) were investigated in rats. Experimental procedures comprised preganglionic decentralization or postganglionic denervation of the bladder and also chemical sympathectomy as well as capsaicin treatment of newborn rats. Nerve fibers containing NPY were richly distributed in the detrusor muscle and also in the pelvic ganglia. Numerous NPY-containing nerve cell bodies were found in pelvic ganglia. A rich occurrence of VIP fibers and a more sparse distribution of SP-containing fibers were also found in the bladder as well as a relatively rich representation of VIP- containing nerve cell bodies in the pelvic ganglia. After decentralization the intensity of VIP and NPY immunofluorescence increased in nerve cell bodies of the pelvic ganglia and in nerve fibers in the wall of the bladder. Postganglionic denervation, on the other hand, eliminated all peptides examined in the bladder wall. After postganglionic denervation the situation in the ganglia was approximately the same as after decentralization. Chemical sympathectomy (6-OHDA) did not seem to change significantly the frequency and distribution of VIP-, SP- and NPY-fibers in the muscle layer of the bladder or in the pelvic ganglia, while the NPY-containing nerve fibers in the submucosal layer and around blood vessels of the bladder disappeared. Adrenergic nerve fibers in the wall of the bladder (visualized by histofluorescence) were markedly reduced in number after administration of 6-OHDA. Capsaicin-treatment of newborn rats caused a loss of SP-fibers in the wall of the bladder, supporting the view that these fibers are sensory in nature in the urinary bladder. Although it cannot be entirely excluded that NPY-containing fibers in the wall of the bladder are adrenergic, the present results suggest that the NPY-fibers as well as the VIP-fibers of the bladder wall originate mainly in non-adrenergic cell bodies of the pelvic ganglia. However, perivascular NPY-containing nerve fibers are adrenergic in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214914
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and properties of gastrin cells in the gastrointestinal tract of chicken (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 154 (1974), S. 409-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gastrin immunoreactivity ; Gastrin cells ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the digestive tract of the chicken, numerous cells showing gastrin immuno-reactivity were found in a narrow zone joining the gizzard with the duodenum. Here the mucosa resembled that of the mammalian pyloric gland area (antrum). The gastrin cells, which were rarely seen outside this zone, stained argyrophil with the technique of Grimelius but not with that of Hellerström-Hellman. The latter technique instead demonstrated another large cell population that did not react with the Grimelius stain. Ultrastructurally, the mucosa was richly endowed with endocrine-like cells, the majority of which belonged to either of two cell populations. In accordance with the morphological findings, extracts from the narrow antrum-like zone were found to contain large amounts of gastrin-like immunoreactivity; only traces occurred in the remainder of the gut. Gel chromatography revealed that the dominating form of chicken gastrin was heptadecapeptide-like.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219665
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronal galanin is widely distributed in the chicken respiratory tract and coexists with multiple neuropeptides (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 256 (1989), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Respiratory tract ; Autonomic innervation ; Neuropeptide immunocytochemistry ; Galanin ; Neu-ropeptide coexistence ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mammalian airways are known to be richly innervated by several types of peptide-containing nerve fibers. Galanin-containing fibers are, however, comparatively few. The results of the present immunocytochemical study indicate that the chicken airways receive a notably dense supply of galanin-storing fibers. Other major neuropeptides were neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P. Nerve fibers containing these peptides were distributed in the trachea, main bronchi, and the lungs. Minor nerve fiber populations contained calcitonin generelated peptide, enkephalin and gastrin-releasing peptide. In the trachea and main bronchi the majority of peptidecontaining nerve fibers was distributed beneath and sometimes also within the epithelium; fibers were fewer in the lamina propria. In the lungs they occurred both in association with the epithelium of small bronchi and in the septa. Adrenergic nerves (using tyrosine hydroxylase as marker) were predominantly distributed in the lamina propria among bundles of smooth muscle and blood vessels. In the nerve fibers associated with the epithelium and in nerve cell bodies in local ganglia of the tracheal wall, galanin was found to coexist with several other neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P) suggesting co-expression of multiple neuropeptide genes in the same population of neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224722
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical coding of endocrine cells of the airways: presence of helodermin-like peptides (1991)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 265 (1991), S. 425-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Regulatory peptides ; Serotonin ; Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) ; Respiratory tract ; Neuroendocrine cells ; Mouse ; Rat ; Harnster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The epithelium of the airways is rich in endocrine cells containing serotonin and/or a wide variety of regulatory peptides. These cells usually occur in clusters in the lungs but are also found scattered in the larynx and trachea. In the present study, endocrine cells in the airways of mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig, pig, sheep and squirrel monkey were examined for the presence of serotonin, helodermin-like peptides and other regulatory peptides using immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. In addition, we looked for the protein gene product 9.5 (PGP), which occurs in many peptide hormone-producing endocrine cells in the body. Both clustered and scattered endocrine cells in the airways were found to display coexistence of serotonin and peptides, such as a helodermin-like peptide, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The PGP-immunoreactive cells were numerous and included elements containing serotonin and/or regulatory peptides. An additional PGP-immunoreactive endocrine cell population lacked serotonin and regulatory peptides. Helodermin-immunoreactive material was demonstrated in endocrine cells of the airways in the mouse and hamster but not in any of the other species studied. Serotonin was an endocrine cell constituent in all the species studied. Calcitonin and CGRP could be demonstrated by immunocytochemistry in the mouse, rat, and hamster, but not in the guinea pig, sheep, pig and monkey. In the hamster airways double immunostaining indicated that the helodermin-like peptide occurred in a subpopulation of the CGRP- and serotonin-containing cells. Most of the CGRP-containing cells stored serotonin; some of them also contained calcitonin. The chemical coding of these cells resembled that of the thyroid C cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340865
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypergastrinaemia induced by acid blockade evokes enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia in chicken, hamster and guinea-pig stomach (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 254 (1988), S. 511-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Hypergastrinaemia ; Acid blockade ; Entero-chromaffin-like (ECL) cells ; Histamine ; Omeprazole ; Oxyntic mucosa ; Chicken ; Hamster ; Guinea-pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Treatment of chickens, hamsters and guinea-pigs with large doses of the long-acting antisecretory agent omeprazole for 10 weeks resulted in elevated serum gastrin levels and in increased stomach weight and mass of oxyntic mucosa. Also the antral gastrin cell density was increased. Another striking effect was the hyperplasia of the histamine-producing enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells — a prominent endocrine cell population with unknown function — in the oxyntic mucosa. Accordingly, the gastric mucosal histamine concentration and rate of histamine formation were increased in all three species. The results suggest that marked and long-lasting suppression of acid secretion leads to elevated serum gastrin levels and diffuse ECL cell hyperplasia not only in the rat, as previously seen, but also in the chicken, hamster and guinea-pig; this hyperplasia is associated with accelerated histamine formation in all three species. The following sequence of events is suggested to occur in mammalian as well as submammalian vertebrates: suppression of acid secretion — hypergastrinaemia — ECL cell hyperplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226500
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogeny of rat pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 178 (1977), S. 303-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells ; Rat ; Ontogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells storing pancreatic polypeptide (PP) appear in rat pancreas at the time of parturition, much later than insulin and glucagon cells. At this stage, the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells occur scattered in the exocrine parenchyma and in the islets. Subsequently, 5–7 days postnatally, an abrupt increase in the number of PP cells occurs. At this stage, they are fairly numerous in the islets and comparatively rare in the exocrine parenchyma. Not until 8–10 days after birth is the number of PP cells similar to that in the adult pancreas. A few PP cells were seen in the antral mucosa during the first 10 days after birth. They were not seen elsewhere in the gut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218694
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alloxan on rat pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 178 (1977), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells ; Rat ; Effect of alloxan ; Experimental diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Injection of alloxan caused an almost total disappearance of insulin cells in the rat pancreas. Planimetric analysis revealed a 50 per cent reduction of the mean islet volume. The number of immunoreactive pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells per sectioned islet was significantly increased, and the PP cell volume per islet doubled. Assuming an unchanged number of islets, the results indicate an increase in total PP cell mass following alloxan administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218695
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular localization and ontogeny of immunoreactive Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the chicken gut (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) ; Peptidergic nerves ; Endocrine cells ; Gut ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerves were abundant along the entire digestive tract of the chicken. In the proventriculus, gizzard and small intestine VIP nerves were numerous around glands and less numerous in the smooth muscle. Submucosal blood vessels were often encircled by VIP nerves. VIP nerves were also seen in the submucosal and myenteric plexus. In the large intestines the VIP innervation of the smooth muscle was more predominant, while there was a rather sparse supply of VIP nerves around the base of the crypts. This innervation pattern was a consistent finding with four different VIP antisera. VIP-immunoreactive cells, however, were demonstrated with only three of the antisera. They were found scattered in the epithelium of the proventriculus and small and large intestines. The failure of one of the antisera to demonstrate endocrine cells suggests that the VIP-immunoreactive material in these cells differs from that in nerves. Conceivably, the material present in nerves represents VIP, while that in endocrine cells represents cross-reacting peptides or other molecular forms of VIP. VIP nerves appeared comparatively early in embryonic development. They appeared in the upper part of the digestive tract at 13 days of incubation and in the colon a few days before hatching; at this stage, only smooth muscle received VIP nerves. The “adult” pattern of innervation was established about two to four weeks after hatching. VIP-immunoreactive endocrine cells appeared in the intestines a few days before hatching. The “adult” frequency of occurrence was established about one week after hatching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240095
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nerve fibers in the gut and pancreas of the rat displaying neuropeptide-Y immunoreactivity (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 487-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptides ; Autonomic nervous system ; Gut innervation ; Neuropeptide Y ; Pancreatic polypeptide ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactive neuropeptide Y (NPY) was demonstrated in neuronal elements in the gut and pancreas of the rat. Immunoreactive endocrine cells could not be detected. The occurrence of NPY containing nerve-cell bodies in the submucosal and myenteric ganglia indicates an intrinsic origin of the NPY fibers. However, an additional extrinsic supply of NPY fibers is suggested by the finding that abdominal sympathectomy caused the disappearance of some NPY fibers, notably those around blood vessels. The distribution of NPY fibers in all layers of the gut wall suggests multiple functions of NPY, including a role in the regulation of intramural neuronal activities, smooth muscle tone, and local blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216194
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