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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 2017-2019 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The chemisorption of molecular hydrogen onto the Si (100) surface is shown to disrupt the epitaxial growth of silicon and silicon/germanium alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy. It is only after the substrate temperature is raised above the hydrogen desorption temperature, or the deposition rate is lowered, that high quality single-crystal films can be grown. The results also suggest the surface segregation of hydrogen during growth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1626-1628 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Hydrogen in undoped, unalloyed microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) has been investigated with secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The samples were grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with hydrogen to silane dilution ratios (H2:SiH4) ranging from 0:1 to 98:1. Microcrystallinity is obtained for dilution ratios of 20:1 and greater. The hydrogen concentration is shown to depend nonmonotonically on the degree of hydrogen dilution. The H concentration in the films decreases with dilution for ratios from 0:1 to 10:1 and then increases with greater dilution. This dependence on dilution is established with both NMR and SIMS and suggests the existence of competing processes in the incorporation of hydrogen during deposition. It is further observed that the formation of microcrystallites is accompanied by the appearance of both higher order silicon hydrides and large concentrations of unbound molecular hydrogen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 4025-4027 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The preparation conditions for the deposition of hydrogenated amorphous silicon-carbon alloys (a-SiC:H) from a glow-discharge plasma have been systematically scanned by changing the starting-gas materials as well as the starting gas to hydrogen dilution ratio. A highly photosensitive alloy showing a photoconductivity to dark conductivity ratio of 107 at a band gap of 2.0 eV was prepared under optimized conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 1 (1967), S. 221-244 
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Genetics 11 (1977), S. 183-201 
    ISSN: 0066-4197
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 6 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This paper examines the changes that have occurred in the management and scale of R & D, in the contextof the'gas industry's experience. As a resultof the discovery o f North Sea gas and new and expanding operations, R & D has become larger, more central, and thus more integrated into and accountable to the organization as a whole. This has resulted in greater centralization and planning administered according to the ‘sponsorship’ principle.These changes have highlighted the problems of R & D choice and the comparison of commercial and non-commercial objectives in a public sector industry. The unique constraints under which nationalized industries operate and their commitment to the ‘public interest’ as well as to commercial goals, are discussed. These bear upon the way in which R & D decisions not amenable to cost/benefit analysis (such as the balance between long and short term work) are made. It is emphasized that these decisions are made by the industry as a whole and that R & D must thus be seen to be complying with industry objectives.The example of British Gas R & D Planning is used to show how ‘sponsorship’ operates and its values for R & D and the restof the industry. Comparison with other public sector industries indicates that there is no one great system for R & D and that its administration is a function of the history, technological characteristics, and present situation of the industry. These imply different procedures appropriate for the innovation process within the Industry. The role of British Gas within a national energy policy is discussed. The separation of the fuel industries affects the assumptions on which R & D plans are made and thus the degree of uncertainty inherent in all R & D planning. This raises interest- ing questions about the degree of flexibility possible in defining each industry's own objectives.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 52 (1990), S. 727-746 
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin , Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 26 (1975), S. 277-281 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 27 (1976), S. 127-141 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 7689-7698 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We present a new relativistic formulation for the calculation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shielding tensors. The formulation makes use of gauge-including atomic orbitals and is based on density functional theory. The relativistic effects are included by making use of the zeroth-order regular approximation. This formulation has been implemented and the 199Hg NMR shifts of HgMe2, HgMeCN, Hg(CN)2, HgMeCl, HgMeBr, HgMeI, HgCl2, HgBr2, and HgI2 have been calculated using both experimental and optimized geometries. For experimental geometries, good qualitative agreement with experiment is obtained. Quantitatively, the calculated results deviate from experiment on average by 163 ppm, which is approximately 3% of the range of 199Hg NMR. The experimental effects of an electron donating solvent on the mercury shifts have been reproduced with calculations on HgCl2(NH3)2, HgBr2(NH3)2, and HgI2(NH3)2. In addition, it is shown that the mercury NMR shieldings are sensitive to geometry with changes for HgCl2 of approximately 50 ppm for each 0.01 Å change in bond length, and 100 ppm for each 10° change in bond angle. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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