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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The CD45 glycoprotein isoforms exhibit a receptor-like composition and display intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity. The present study links CD45 to the regulation of L-selectin (CD62L), a leucocyte glycoprotein important for extravasation and homotypic aggregation. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) IOL1b and AICD45.2, but not GAP8.3, all of which are directed against common CD45 epitopes, were found to elicit lymphocyte L-selectin down-regulation. Lymphocyte L-selectin down-regulation in response to anti-CD45 MoAbs was enhanced by high cell density and partially antagonized by the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, herbimycin A. The MoAbs IOL1b, AICD45.2 and GAP8.3 recognized granulocyte-expressed CD45 but did not induce loss of L-selectin expression of granulocytes. In contrast, the CD45 PTPase inhibitor, vanadate, induced L-selectin down-regulation both in lymphocytes and granulocytes. The PTPase activation by nitric oxide (NO) or the NO-generating compound, sodium nitroprusside, did not affect L-selectin surface expression. Increased concentrations of soluble L-selectin were detected after anti-CD45 or vanadate-induced down-regulation of L-selectin surface expression. While activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces rapid L-selectin down-regulation of L-selectin surface expression in both lymphocytes and granulocytes, the PKC inhibitor, H 7, was also found to down-regulate lymphocyte and granulocyte L-selectin surface expression. The inhibitor H 7 synergized with vanadate in down-regulating lymphocyte L-selectin surface expression, but partially inhibited vanadate-induced granulocyte L-selectin down-regulation. The results suggest that in a cell type-specific fashion the PKC system and tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cascades are involved in the regulation of L-selectin surface expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 735 (1983), S. 215-224 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: Artificial surfactant ; Liposome structure ; Liposome-monolayer interaction ; Pressure-volume characteristic
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 377 (1986), S. 79-89 
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ; Artificial ventilation ; Radiology ; Histology ; Gestational age ; Differential diagnoses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a group of 70 premature and newborn infants, treated with artificial ventilation, 24.3% developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Only in very few cases did the typical radiological stages, as described by Northway, succeed each other in a chronological order. It is impossible to differentiate BPD stage I or II from RDS stage III and IV without a knowledge of the clinical course and of the duration of artificial ventilation. The lower the gestational age, the more severe and earlier do the radiological and histological changes occur. The radiological differential diagnosis of BPD includes Wilson-Mikity-syndrome, congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia, neonatal tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis and Hamman-Richsyndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 8 (1979), S. 139-145 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Respiratory distress syndrome ; Intermittent positive pressure ventilation ; Pulmonary interstitial emphysema ; Systemic air embolism ; Umbilical catheters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Details of 25 cases of neonatal systemic air embolism, including three of our patients, are reviewed. This rare complication of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was observed in 21 premature infants and 4 fullterm newborns, of whom 23 required intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). In 21 of these patients air embolism was preceded by pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and/or pneumopericardium. Air embolism occurred between 3 and 288 hours after delivery. The outcome was lethal in 24 cases, only one patient survived. Two main pathogenic mechanisms are discussed; entrance of air from ruptured alveoli into the lung capillaries and introduction of air via catheters in umbilical vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Einstellungen zur Psychiatrie ; Interesse an Psychiatrie ; Medizinstudenten ; Key words Attitudes toward psychiatry ; Interest in psychiatry ; Medical students
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Medical students' attitudes toward psychiatry are very important for the future care of psychiatric patients and the recruitment of qualified graduates. We examined the attitudes of 105 German medical students toward psychiatry using a German translation of the ATP-30, a reliable, self-administered questionnaire. In spite of a marked interest in psychiatry, most students thought it improbable that they would become psychiatrists. Attitudes toward psychiatry were generally positive (ATP-30 score: 104.6 ± 13.4, where 90 represents middle, or neither positive nor negative) but showed clear differences in some aspects. Attitudes toward psychotherapy were markedly positive, while those toward psychiatric therapy in general or the scientific basis of psychiatry were less positive. We could find no influence of sex on the ATP score, whereas students having previous experience with psychiatry showed more positive attitudes towards it.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Einstellungen von Studierenden der Medizin zur Psychiatrie sind von erheblicher Bedeutung z. B. für die zukünftige Versorgung psychisch Kranker oder die Attraktivität der Faches für den ärztlichen Nachwuchs. Wir untersuchten diese Einstellungen bei 105 Studierenden der Medizin anhand einer deutschen Übersetzung des ATP-30, eines reliablen Selbstbeurteilungsfragebogens. Trotz grundsätzlichem Interesse am Fach Psychiatrie hielten es die meisten Probanden für eher unwahrscheinlich, zukünftig im Bereich der Psychiatrie zu arbeiten. Die untersuchten Einstellungen fielen summarisch gering positiv aus (Summenscore 104,6 ± 13,4; rechnerische Mitte: 90), wiesen in den einzelnen Bereichen jedoch deutliche Unterschiede untereinander auf. Besonders positiv waren Einstellungen zur Psychotherapie, während Einstellungen zu weiteren psychiatrischen Therapieverfahren oder zur Wissenschaftlichkeit der Psychiatrie weniger positiv ausfielen. Es fand sich kein Einfluss des Geschlechts auf die untersuchten Einstellungen, Probanden mit eigener Erfahrung mit Psychiatrie wiesen jedoch signifikant positivere Einstellungen auf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 3 (1984), S. 211-218 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Membrane biophysics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si discutono i princípi fisici per sviluppare un agente tensioattivo sintetico per trattare la sindrome di rischio respiratorio. Sono descritte in dettaglio la composizione e la preparazione dei lipidi del tensioattivo sintetico, e ciò porta alla conclusione che una sospensione di grandi vescicole unilamellari che consistono di dipalmitolfosfatidilcolina e di una piccola quantità di lipide non saturo è una scelta proficua.
    Abstract: Резюме Обсуждаются физические принципы разработки синтетического поверхностно-активного вещества легкого для лечения синдрома респираторного недомогания. Анализируются требования для липидного состава и приготовления синтетического поверхностно-активного вещества. Отмечается, что суспензия больших униламинарных пузырьков, состоящих, из dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine и малого количества ненасыщенных липидов, липидов, является наиболее перспективной.
    Notes: Summary The physical principles for developing a synthetic lung surfactant to treat the respiratory distress syndrome are discussed. Requirements for the lipid composition and preparation of the synthetic surfactant are detailed, leading to the conclusion that a suspension of large unilamellar vesicles consisting of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and a small amount of unsaturated lipid is a promising choice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 724-730 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Opiate-exposed infants ; Drug withdrawal ; Clinical and neurodevelopmental outcome ; Griffiths Developmental Scale ; Prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the developmental effects of prenatal exposure to opiates, a prospective follow up study of 34 drug-exposed (opiates and nicotine) and 42 reference infants (nicotine exposure only) was conducted from January 1992 to September 1995. At the time of delivery, 12 of 34 mothers used opiates without medical control. Twenty-two mothers participated in a methadone maintenance programme. At 1 year, the average Griffiths Developmental Quotient (DQ) was lower in the drug-exposed group (mean: 100.5 vs. references 107.9; P 〈 0.001). This difference was mainly due to lower subscales “locomotor” (mean 100.8 vs. 111.4; P 〈 0.05) and “intellectual performance” (mean 100.8 vs. 108.5; P 〈 0.05) in the drug-exposed group. Severe developmental retardation mean DQ (−2 SD) was diagnosed in 2 drug-exposed infants. Mild developmental retardation (mean DQ: 1 SD– 〉 2 SD) was found in 7 drug-exposed and in 3 reference infants (P 〈 0.05). Neurological abnormalities were found more frequently in the drug-exposed group (11 vs. 3 infants; P 〈 0.01). Among the opiate-exposed infants, the subscales “hearing and speech” and “intellectual performance” were lower in the uncontrolled drug-using than in the methadone group. The 17 fostered infants showed no difference in developmental outcome compared with the 10 infants living with their biological parents (mean DQ: 100.0 versus 101.3). Conclusions At 1 year infants prenatally exposed to opiates are at risk for mild psychomotor developmental impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 653-657 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Drug addiction ; Hearing thresholds ; Newborn infants ; Risk factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate effects of maternal drug abuse on neonatal hearing, auditory brain-stem evoked potentials were recorded in 132 consecutive newborn infants of mothers who had taken heroin or methadone during pregnancy, alongside 1016 neonates with and 483 hospitalized neonates without risk factors, as defined by the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. In infants antenatally exposed to opiates, the rate of severe bilateral hearing impairment (≥50 dB) did not differ from that of hospitalized neonates without risk factors (1.5% vs 2.5%). In contrast, intra-uterine toxoplasmosis, syphilis, or cytomegalovirus infection, bilirubin serum concentrations 〉25 mg/dl, craniofacial anomalies, and mechanical ventilation for 5 days or more were independently associated with increased rates of severe hearing impairment by analysis of all 1631 infants studied. Conclusion Newborns of opiate-addicted mothers are not at increased risk for early onset hearing loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Newborn infants ; Prematurity ; CRIB score ; Risk factors ; Mortality ; Impairment ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To assess the ability of the Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) to predict long-term neurodevelopmental impairment in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.¶Design: Single-center cohort study.¶Setting: Tertiary neonatal care hospital and follow-up clinic.¶Patients: Four hundred fifty-five VLBW infants consecutively admitted from 1992 to 1997 inclusive.¶Measurements and results: Calculations of CRIB scores from birth weight, gestational age, the presence of congenital malformations, worst base excess, maximum and minimum appropriate fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) during the first 12 h of life was possible in 430 infants. Three hundred eighty-six infants survived until discharge (89 %) and 352 (91 %) were examined at 1 year corrected age using the Griffiths scales of mental development. Major neurodevelopmental impairment (general quotient 〈 2 standard deviations below average) was observed in 76 infants (22 %). CRIB scores and the individual CRIB components differed significantly between infants with and those without neurodevelopmental impairment. By logistic regression analysis, CRIB scores and minimum FIO2 were independent predictors of death, while CRIB and maximum FIO2 were independently associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. For combined poor outcome (death or impairment), CRIB, minimum and maximum FIO2 were independent predictors. In predicting major neurodevelopmental impairment, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for CRIB (0.703 ± 0.035) did not differ significantly from that of birth weight (0.697 ± 0.035) or any other CRIB component.¶Conclusion: While high CRIB scores are associated with major neurodevelopmental impairment, the CRIB score is of limited value for stratification in randomized trials or for adjustments in comparing performance between hospitals with neurodevelopmental impairment as the main outcome measure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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