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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Infant ; Congenital heart disease ; ARDS ; Capillary leak ; Soluble l-selectin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In critical care patients at risk of developing the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), low soluble l-selectin (sCD62L) plasma concentrations have been shown to be associated with progression to ARDS and prolonged subsequent mechanical ventilation. This study aimed to determine the usefulness of sCD62L plasma concentrations to identify infants undergoing cardiovascular surgery who are at risk for postoperative pulmonary dysfunction and capillary leaks. Design: Serial measurements of sCD62L plasma concentrations in a cohort of infants with congenital heart disease before, during, and after surgery for 4 consecutive days. Setting and patients: Infants aged 3–337 days undergoing cardiovascular surgery with (N = 27) or without (N = 12) cardiopulmonary bypass in a tertiary care center. Results: sCD62L concentrations before surgery showed a strong correlation with the infant's age (r = 0.77, p 〈 0.001). During surgery, sCD62L levels dropped from 9.0 ± 0.7 to 5.6 ± 0.4 nmol/l (mean ± SEM; p 〈 0.001). The minimum sCD62L concentration during and after surgery did not differ between infants operated upon with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (p 〉 0.1) or in infants who did (N = 10) or did not (N = 29) develop capillary leak syndrome. Whereas capillary leak syndrome was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (p 〈 0.01), there was no relationship between sCD62L concentrations at baseline or at any time thereafter and number of hours on the ventilator (p 〉 0.1). Conclusion: sCD62L concentrations before or after surgery are not apt to identify infants at increased risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 191-194 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.70.Bj ; 61.25 ; 61.72 ; 75.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Positron annihilation measurements have been performed in solid, liquid and undercooled Co80Pd20 alloy using electromagnetic levitation as containerless processing method. The formation enthalpy for a single vacancy is H1v = (1.7 ± 0.1) eV. In the melt, the thermal expansion continues linear in the undercooled phase and is larger than that of the solid alloy. The mean free volume in the liquid phase is slightly larger than the volume of a single vacancy. At the Curie temperatures of both solid and liquid phase, the S-parameter indicates no effect on the atomic structure. Different H2 concentrations in the processing gas atmosphere have no detectable influence on the data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 191-194 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 78.70.Bj; 61.25; 61.72; 75.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Positron annihilation measurements have been performed in solid, liquid and undercooled Co80Pd20 alloy using electromagnetic levitation as containerless processing method. The formation enthalpy for a single vacancy is H1v=(1.7±0.1) eV. In the melt, the thermal expansion continues linear in the undercooled phase and is larger than that of the solid alloy. The mean free volume in the liquid phase is slightly larger than the volume of a single vacancy. At the Curie temperatures of both solid and liquid phase, the S-parameter indicates no effect on the atomic structure. Different H2 concentrations in the processing gas atmosphere have no detectable influence on the data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: l-Selectin ; Lymphocytes ; Infection ; Newborn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract l-Selectin, a leukocyte surface glycoprotein involved in white blood cell extravasation, is rapidly down-regulated after leukocyte activation. We prospectively determined lymphocytel-selectin expression in freshly obtained cord blood samples of 98 neonates (gestational age 25–42 weeks). In eight infants with bacterial infection, the mean percentage ofl-selectinhigh lymphocytes was 32.5% (SD 20.1%), compared to 60.1% (SD 18.7%) in the control group (P〈0.01). A percentage ofl-selectinhigh lymphocytes of less than 42% had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 82% in identifying infected newborns. Cord blood lymphocytel-selectin expression was independent of gestational age, birth weight, umbilical artery pH, hematocrit, white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, C-reactive protein level, or maternal fever before delivery while there was a weak correlation with the newborn's immature/total ratio and platelet count. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating downregulation of human lymphocytel-selectin expression following activation of the immune system in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 653-657 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Drug addiction ; Hearing thresholds ; Newborn infants ; Risk factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate effects of maternal drug abuse on neonatal hearing, auditory brain-stem evoked potentials were recorded in 132 consecutive newborn infants of mothers who had taken heroin or methadone during pregnancy, alongside 1016 neonates with and 483 hospitalized neonates without risk factors, as defined by the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing. In infants antenatally exposed to opiates, the rate of severe bilateral hearing impairment (≥50 dB) did not differ from that of hospitalized neonates without risk factors (1.5% vs 2.5%). In contrast, intra-uterine toxoplasmosis, syphilis, or cytomegalovirus infection, bilirubin serum concentrations 〉25 mg/dl, craniofacial anomalies, and mechanical ventilation for 5 days or more were independently associated with increased rates of severe hearing impairment by analysis of all 1631 infants studied. Conclusion Newborns of opiate-addicted mothers are not at increased risk for early onset hearing loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Zyanotische angeborene Herzfehler – akutes Nierenversagen (ANV) – Nephropathie – Urinproteindiagnostik –β-N-Acetyl-glukosaminidase (NAG) ; Key words cyanotic congenital heart disease – acute renal failure (ARF) – nephropathy – urinary protein diagnostic –β-N-acetyl-glukosaminidase (NAG)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Patients with long-standing cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) are known for impaired renal function and increased risk of developing acute renal failure after open heart surgery. We prospectively studied urinary protein concentration in 6 patients with cyanotic CHD and 4 patients with acyanotic CHD before and during a 3 day-period after surgery. Three of six patients with cyanotic CHD had preoperatively overt glomerulopathy, presenting with elevated urinary albumin concentrations in all three and elevated transferrin and immunoglobulin G concentrations in two. They progressed to acute renal failure necessitating the institution of hemodialysis 1 and 4 days after surgery. In contrast, patients with cyanotic CHD but normal urinary albumin concentrations and patients with acyanotic CHD had no overt renal impairment after cardiopulmonary bypass. Urinary excretion of albumin, immunoglobulin G, transferrin, soluble L-selectin, α1-microglobulin, and β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase remained normal throughout the postoperative period in acyanotic CHD patients and rose slightly in cyanotic CHD patients without acute renal failure. In cyanotic CHD patients with renal failure, urinary excretion increased to more than 1000 mg/g creatinine albumin, more than 150 mg/g creatinine transferrin and more than 200 mg/g creatinine IgG 24 h after surgery. α1-microglobulin increased to more than 1000 mg/g creatinine and β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity to more than 100 U/g creatinine 48 h after operation, showing additional tubular damage. Patients with CCHD and pathological proteinuria are at high risk of developing acute renal failure within few days after surgery which is heralded by excessively high urinary protein excretion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Patienten mit einem unkorrigiertem zyanotischen Vitium können eine eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion entwickeln und tragen ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Entwicklung eines akuten Nierenversagens nach Operation am offenen Herzen. In einer prospektiven Studie untersuchten wir über einen Zeitraum von prä- bis 3 Tage postoperativ 6 adolezente oder adulte Patienten nach Operation eines zyanotischen Vitium cordis. Als Kontrollgruppe dienten adulte Patienten mit einem azyanotischen Vitium. 3 der 6 zyanotischen Patienten hatten präoperativ Zeichen einer renalen Glomerulopathie mit erhöhter Albuminkonzentration im Urin und in 2 Fällen auch mit erhöhten Urinkonzentrationen von Transferrin und Immunoglobulin G. Diese 3 Patienten entwickelten postoperativ ein akutes Nierenversagen mit Dialysepflichtigkeit am 1. und 4. Tag nach der Operation. Die übrigen 3 Patienten hatten präoperativ normale Urineiweißkonzentrationen und entwickelten postoperativ kein akutes Nierenversagen. Die Urinkonzentrationen von Albumin, L-Selectin (sCD62L), Transferrin, Immunoglobulin G (IgG), α1-Mikroglobulin (α1-M) und die Aktivität der β-N-Acetyl-Glukosaminidase (NAG) blieben in der postoperativen Periode bei den Patienten mit azyanotischen Vitien im Normbereich und waren bei den 3 zyanotischen Patienten ohne akutes Nierenversagen gering erhöht. Bei den 3 zyanotischen Patienten mit akutem Nierenversagen stiegen als Zeichen der vermehrten glomerulären Schädigung die postoperativen Urinkonzentrationen nach 24 Stunden auf über 1000 mg Albumin/gKrea, über 150 mg Transferrin/gKrea und über 200 mg IgG/gKrea. Als Zeichen zusätzlicher tubulärer Nierenschädigung war der Anstieg der β1-M-Urinkonzentration auf über 1000 mg/gKrea und der NAG-Aktivität im Urin auf über 100 U/gKrea zu werten. Patienten mit unkorrigiertem zyanotischen Vitium cordis und Proteinurie als Ausdruck eines “zyanotischen” glomerulären Nierenschadens haben ein hohes Risiko für die Entwicklung eines postoperativen akuten Nierenversagens in den ersten Tagen postoperativ. Diese Entwicklung kann früh postoperativ an einer exzessiven Proteinurie erkannt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 39 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: L-selectin, a cell surface glycoprotein expressed on lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes, has been implicated in lymphocyte homing and extravasation of phagocytic leukocytes into areas of inflammation. Considerable differences of L-selectin expression among various individuals has been reported, with clinical correlations to perinatal events, maturation, and circadian rhythm. In this study, L-selectin expression of various white blood cells was found to be differentially sensitive to ficoll-hypaque or percoll density gradient centrifugation. After density gradient centrifugation, a significant loss of median monocyte L-selectin expression was observed when compared to time and temperature-matched controls or results obtained by whole blood incubation with anti-L-selectin monoclonal antibodies followed by simultaneous leukocyte fixation and red cell lysis. Mock treatment itself was associated with a variable L-selectin loss of monocytes but not lymphocytes or granulocytes. Ficoll-hypaque or percoll density gradient centrifugation resulted in significant L-selectin down-regulation of lymphocytes while granulocytes separated from lymphocytes and monocytes by ficoll-hypaqus or percoll retained full L-seleclin surface reactivity. L-selectin downregulation was seen also after colloid sedimentation with hydroxy-ethyl starch. It is concluded that unseparated blood should be used for measuring L-selectin expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The CD45 glycoprotein isoforms exhibit a receptor-like composition and display intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity. The present study links CD45 to the regulation of L-selectin (CD62L), a leucocyte glycoprotein important for extravasation and homotypic aggregation. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) IOL1b and AICD45.2, but not GAP8.3, all of which are directed against common CD45 epitopes, were found to elicit lymphocyte L-selectin down-regulation. Lymphocyte L-selectin down-regulation in response to anti-CD45 MoAbs was enhanced by high cell density and partially antagonized by the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, herbimycin A. The MoAbs IOL1b, AICD45.2 and GAP8.3 recognized granulocyte-expressed CD45 but did not induce loss of L-selectin expression of granulocytes. In contrast, the CD45 PTPase inhibitor, vanadate, induced L-selectin down-regulation both in lymphocytes and granulocytes. The PTPase activation by nitric oxide (NO) or the NO-generating compound, sodium nitroprusside, did not affect L-selectin surface expression. Increased concentrations of soluble L-selectin were detected after anti-CD45 or vanadate-induced down-regulation of L-selectin surface expression. While activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces rapid L-selectin down-regulation of L-selectin surface expression in both lymphocytes and granulocytes, the PKC inhibitor, H 7, was also found to down-regulate lymphocyte and granulocyte L-selectin surface expression. The inhibitor H 7 synergized with vanadate in down-regulating lymphocyte L-selectin surface expression, but partially inhibited vanadate-induced granulocyte L-selectin down-regulation. The results suggest that in a cell type-specific fashion the PKC system and tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cascades are involved in the regulation of L-selectin surface expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Directed migration of lymphocytes from blood into lymph nodes and gut-associated lymphatic tissue, also referred to as homing, is subject to change following activation. Lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs in vivo and binding to high endothelial venules in vitro is largely suppressed after short-term stimulation with phorbol esters. The observed functional alterations were correlated with changes in the expression of three putative homing receptors. LECAM-1 (MEL-14 antigen), LPAM-1/2 (α4-integrin) and the murine CD44 (Pgp-1, H-CAM, Hermes-antigen equivalent) upon different modes of cellular activation. Expression of LECAM-1 (gp90 MEL-14), a lymphocyte adhesion molecule implicated in targeting extravasation into lymph nodes, was found to be lost almost completely within minutes after protein kinase C activation LECAM-1 re-expression occurred within less than 24 h. Rapid loss of LECAM-1 was also observed after calcium ionophores whereas anti-CD3 or concanavalin A elicited a gradual and heterogeneous loss of LECAM-1 becoming delectable after several hours only. A number of cytokines tested were not able to induce alterations in LECAM-1 expression. In contrast, expression of LPAM-1/2 (α4-integrin) and CD44 (Pgp-1, H-CAM), two adhesion molecules supposed to direct extravasation into Peyer's patches, remained stable for hours after every stimulus tested; CD44 expression gradually increased 24 h after mitogenic activation, whereas a small reduction only was observed for the expression of the α4-chain under certain conditions. Thus, reduced extravasation of lymphocytes into Peyer's patches after activation is not due to a decline in the surface density of LPAM-1/2 α-chain or CD44 whereas alterations in migration into lymph nodes parallel the expression of LECAM-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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