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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 798-801 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Persistierender Ductus arteriosus (PDA) ; Katheterinterventioneller PDA-Verschluß ; Raskind-occluder ; Key words Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ; Transcatheter closure of PDA ; Rashkind occluder ; Front-loading-technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus Botalli (PDA) has become a routine procedure. Only PDA in low birth weight infants, and short and wide open PDA in small children could not be closed by means of catheter technology. Different transcatheter closure systems are available now. We report on a premature infant now 16 month old weighting 6,8 kg were surgery seemed inadvisable. After angiography a funnel- shaped PDA seemed to be suitable for closure by a Ductocclud spiral coil (PFM company). The spiral coil could not be set in place safely because meanwhile the pulmonary PDA month had widened after angiography. Transcatheter closure then was successful using a 17 mm Rashkind double umbrella (Bard company) in modified implantation technique with a 8 french introduction set, and special attention to avoid the isthmus of the aorta and pulmonary artery stenosis. Discussion: Ductal reactivity at an age of 16 months seems unusual. Even at this age one has to be aware of possibly dramatic changes of the shape of the ductus during examination. Experience with several transcatheter PDA-closure systems is necessary for the successful closure even in cases of unexpected changes of shape of PDA.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der katheterinterventionelle Verschluß eines persistierenden Ductus arteriosus Botalli (PDA) ist heute eine Routinemethode, für die eine ganze Reihe von verschiedenen Verschlußsystemen zur Verfügung steht. Eine Ausnahme für die Intervention stellen nur noch Frühgeborene und kleine Kinder mit kurzen, weit offenen Duktus dar. Wir berichten über ein 16 Monate altes, 6,8 kg schweres ehemaliges Frühgeborenes mit relativen Kontraindikationen zu einer Operation, bei dem nach Angiographie ein trichterförmiger Duktus zum Verschluß durch eine Ductocclud-Spirale (Fa. PFM) geeignet erschien. Die Spirale war jedoch nicht sicher zu plazieren, da sich die pulmonale Duktusmündung durch die mit der Intervention verbundenen Manipulationen zwischenzeitlich erheblich geweitet hatte. Der Verschluß des PDA gelang dann mit einem 17-mm-Rashkind-Doppelschirm (Fa. Bard) in modifizierter Implantationstechnik mit einer 8-Fr.-Schleuse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schonung der Aortenisthmusregion und der Pulmonalarterienstrombahn. Diskussion: Die Empfindlichkeit des Duktusgewebes noch im Alter von 16 Monaten erscheint ungewöhnlich. Der Untersucher muß auch in diesem Alter auf drastische Änderungen der Duktusmorphologie vorbereitet sein. Bei entsprechender Erfahrung mit verschiedenen Verschlußsystemen kann die Intervention trotz „Duktusspiel” gelingen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefässchirurgie 14 (2000), S. 2-3 
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A 6-month-old infant was investigated for the first time at the German Heart Institute because of right ventricular insufficiency. The echocardiogram revealed right ventricular dilatation, severe tricuspid valve regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension and abnormal origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta. The subsequent catheterization confirmed the diagnosis and the increased pulmonary vascular resistance in the right and left lung. The infant underwent immediate cardiac surgery and re-implantation of the right pulmonary artery in a newly created bifurcation using pericardial patch material. The postoperative course was complicated by persistent pulmonary hypertension, which was successfully treated with inhaled nitric oxide (NO).    The infant was discharged in good cardiorespiratory conditions on the 15th postoperative day.    Conclusion: Right ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension in infancy can be associated with the rare malformation of abnormal origin of the pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über ein nunmehr 6 Monate altes Kind, welches im Alter von 2 Monaten durch eine Rechtsherzinsuffizienz unklarer Ursache auffiel. In der transthorakalen Echokardiographie und in der sich unmittelbar anschließenden Herzkatheteruntersuchung wurde eine fehlentspringende rechte Pulmonalarterie (RPA) aus der Aorta ascendens diagnostiziert. Die operative Korrektur erfolgte am Folgetag durch Re-implantation der RPA in den Pulmonalarterienstamm unter Erweiterung der Neo-Bifurkation mit Perikardflicken. Der postoperative Verlauf war komplikationslos.    Schlussfolgerung: Eine unklare RV-Dekompensation geht in einigen seltenen Fällen auf eine abnormal entspringende RPA zurück, die initialen Symptome hängen dabei entscheidend vom Ausmaß der sekundären pulmonalen Hypertension ab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Infant ; Congenital heart disease ; ARDS ; Capillary leak ; Soluble l-selectin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In critical care patients at risk of developing the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), low soluble l-selectin (sCD62L) plasma concentrations have been shown to be associated with progression to ARDS and prolonged subsequent mechanical ventilation. This study aimed to determine the usefulness of sCD62L plasma concentrations to identify infants undergoing cardiovascular surgery who are at risk for postoperative pulmonary dysfunction and capillary leaks. Design: Serial measurements of sCD62L plasma concentrations in a cohort of infants with congenital heart disease before, during, and after surgery for 4 consecutive days. Setting and patients: Infants aged 3–337 days undergoing cardiovascular surgery with (N = 27) or without (N = 12) cardiopulmonary bypass in a tertiary care center. Results: sCD62L concentrations before surgery showed a strong correlation with the infant's age (r = 0.77, p 〈 0.001). During surgery, sCD62L levels dropped from 9.0 ± 0.7 to 5.6 ± 0.4 nmol/l (mean ± SEM; p 〈 0.001). The minimum sCD62L concentration during and after surgery did not differ between infants operated upon with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (p 〉 0.1) or in infants who did (N = 10) or did not (N = 29) develop capillary leak syndrome. Whereas capillary leak syndrome was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (p 〈 0.01), there was no relationship between sCD62L concentrations at baseline or at any time thereafter and number of hours on the ventilator (p 〉 0.1). Conclusion: sCD62L concentrations before or after surgery are not apt to identify infants at increased risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide ; Rebound ; Pulmonary hypertension ; Dynamic respiratory system compliance ; Interaction ; Congenital heart disease compliance ; Interaction ; Congenital heart disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To assess the interaction between pulmonary hemodynamics and respiratory mechanics during acute pulmonary hypertension. Patients: Ventilated and paralysed children treated with inhaled nitric oxide because of post-operative pulmonary hypertension. Interventions: Weaning of inhaled nitric oxide. Measurements: Air flow and airway pressure, calculation of dynamic respiratory system compliance and respiratory system resistance for each breath by multiple linear regression. Results: In four patients, increases in pulmonary arterial pressure from 26.1 to 56.7 mmg (p 〈 0.001) during weaning off nitric oxide were associated with decreases in tidal volume (from 9.7 → 8.2 ml/kg, p 〈 0.01) and reductions in dynamic respiratory system compliance (from 0.52 → 0.34 cmH20/ml/kg, p 〈 0.001), while respiratory system resistance was unchanged. Conclusions: Impaired ventilation during acute pulmonary hypertension is predominantly related to a reduction in respiratory system compliance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: progressive pressure loading ; afterload ; right ventricle ; transposition of the great arteries ; right ventricular hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to determine the speed and duration of progressive pressure loading of the right ventricle to systemic pressure levels, which allows right ventricular adaptation without myocardial impairment at rest. In 8 pigs with an average weight of 22 kg progressive right ventricular pressure loading of different speeds and durations was induced with a newly developed constrictor. Pressures in the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery as well as angiocardiographic volume parameters of the right ventricle were determined weekly over a period of 4 to 7 weeks. A fast progressive right ventricular pressure increase of 3.4 mm Hg/day during 3 weeks was associated with a 20–30% reduction of ejection fraction and a 100% increase of the end-systolic volume. Increase of end-diastolic pressure was 3 to 5 fold. A slow progressive pressure increase of 1.5 to 2.2 mm Hg/day to 100 mm Hg within 4 to 5 weeks was associated with an increase of the end-diastolic pressure to a level observed in systemic ventricles, while change of ejection fraction and end-systolic volume was minimal. The faster the increase of right ventricular pressure the flatter was the peak systolic pressure/end-systolic volume relationship. It is concluded that in contrast to sudden and fast progressive increase of afterload slow progressive increase of afterload to systemic levels does not impair right ventricular myocardial function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: progressive banding of arteries ; progressive pressure loading ; afterload ; ameroid ; transposition of the great arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this work was to develop a device which allows slow progressive banding of a great artery in infants within 4 to 5 weeks. Employed was the hygroscopic casein ameroid. When brought in contact with fluids, an ameroid cylinder expands characteristically. An early phase of fast expansion proceeds gradually to a phase of slow growth. Size, shape, and encasement of ameroid as well as temperature and type of surrounding fluid modify but do not alter the typical pattern of expansion. The developed constrictor (weight: 5.8 kg, length: 18 mm, diameter: 12 mm) includes a stainless steel socket containing an ameroid cylinder (length: 8.5 mm, diameter: 8 mm). The expanding ameroid pushes a piston with a concave extension (makrolon) a maximum of 2 mm against the artery, which is fixed to the metal housing by a teflon band (width: 4 mm, thickness: 0.5 mm). The band runs in 2 fitting grooves on the metal housing to which it is fixed by a metal ring with a precisely manufactured internal thread allowing exact tightening and loosening of the band around the artery. Utilization of inert materials like teflon, makrolon, and stainless steel warrents experimental and possibly clinical application of the developed small constrictor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: L-type calcium channel ; β Subunit isoforms ; Human heart ; Cardiac hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the expression of α1 and β subunits of the L-type Ca2+ channel on the protein level in cardiac preparations from normal human heart ventricles and from the hypertrophied septum of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). 1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) binding and immunorecognition by polyclonal antibodies directed against the C-terminal amino acid sequences of the β2 and β3 subunits were used for detection and quantification of α1, β2, and β3 subunits. Bmax of high-affinity DHP binding was 35±2 fmol/mg protein in HOCM and 20±2 fmol/mg protein in normal human hearts (P〈0.05). In rabbit hearts the anti-β2 subunit antibody immunoprecipitated 80% of the total amount of DHP-labeled Ca2+ channels present in the assay. Under identical experimental conditions 25% of labeled Ca2+ channels were recovered in the immunoprecipitates of both normal and HOCM ventricles. A similar partial immunoprecipitation was observed in pig hearts. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the β2 subunit was associated with the DHP receptor/Ca2+ channel in cardiac muscle of rabbit, pig, and human heart. In neither of these purified cardiac Ca2+ channels was the β3 subunit isoform detected. Our results suggest that both α1 and β2 subunit expression is upregulated in HOCM in a coordinate manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Peritoneal dialysis ; Acute renal failure ; Congenital heart disease ; Cardiac output measurements ; Open chest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Evaluation of the acute hemodynamic changes during peritoneal dialysis in patients with low cardiac output syndrome and acute renal failure after open heart surgery.¶Patients: Three newborns and three infants after corrective surgery of congenital heart disease with post cardiotomy dialysis. Five of these had an open thorax during dialysis.¶Methods: Cardiac output measurements using the thermodilution technique on two consecutive days at four different times during the peritoneal dialysis cycle.¶Results: We did not find a deterioration of the cardiac index or systemic vascular resistance measured over two cycles in each of the six patients. Pulmonary artery pressure rose slightly after instillation of the dialysate solution in all patients. Changes in central venous pressure and left atrial pressure were not clinically meaningful. In all patients fluid removal by peritoneal dialysis was effective. All five surviving patients recovered renal function.¶Conclusions: Peritoneal dialysis can be performed in newborns and infants following cardiac surgery without causing acute hemodynamic imbalances. An open chest may have a significant impact on hemodynamic stability during peritoneal dialysis by blunting any possible negative alterations of increased intraabdominal pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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