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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 837-852 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Heart ; transplantation ; Transplantation ; Pathology ; Coronary disease ; arteriosclerosis ; Herz ; Transplantation ; Transplantation ; Pathologie ; Coronar sklerose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die morphologischen Veränderungen bei der Abstoßung eines transplantierten Herzens verlaufen bei den verschiedenen Versuchstieren und beim Menschen prinzipiell in gleicher Weise. Bei der hyperakuten Abstoßung des Transplantates bilden sich Fibrinthromben und Thrombocytenaggregate, die die Capillaren und Arteriolen verschließen. Als Ursache kommen in erster Linie zirkulierende Antikörper in Betracht. Die akute Abstoßungsreaktion am transplantierten Herzen manifestiert sich morphologisch durch dichte Infiltration des Myokards mit mononucleären Zellen, Monocyten und kleinen Lymphocyten, Endothelzellschwellungen, eine akute Arteriitis und disseminierte Herzmuskelnekrosen, die schließlich die Insuffizienz des Herzens bedingen können. Durch eine geeignete immunsuppressive Therapie mit Cortisonderivaten, Azathioprin, lokaler Röntgenbestrahlung oder durch Behandlung mit Antilymphocytenserum kann die akute Abstoßungsreaktion unterdrückt werden. Die Phase der chronischen Abstoßung ist durch eine ausgeprägte, meist stenosierende Intimafibrose der kleinen und mittelgroßen Arterien und eine interstitielle Vernarbung des Myokards gekennzeichnet. Zu den unspezifischen Herzmuskelveränderungen gehören die ischämischen, operativ bedingten Herzmuskelnekrosen und Blutungen. Ferner sind die Einflüsse der Denervierung und der Unterbrechung der Lymphgefäße zu berücksichtigen. Bei den Herztransplantationen des Menschen wurden schwere atheromatöse Veränderungen an den Koronararterien des Empfängerherzens beobachtet. Diese schwere Atheromatose wird als Folge der immunbiologisch-induzierten Endothelprozesse und der persistierenden Grunderkrankung des Empfängers sowie der langdauernden Behandlung mit Cortisonderivaten aufgefaßt. Als Nebenreaktionen und Komplikationen der immunsuppressiven Therapie werden die Infektionen, die Wirkung von Cortison, Azathioprin und lokaler Röntgenbestrahlung auf den Herzmuskel erörtert.
    Notes: Summary The morphologic changes observed during the rejection of a transplanted heart take a principally similar course in experimental animals and in man. Hyperacute rejection of the transplanted heart is characterized by fibrin thrombi and aggregates of platelets which obstruct capillaries and arterioles. These changes are primarily the result of circulating antibodies. The acute rejection of a cardiac allotransplant is morphologically expressed in the myocardium by dense infiltrates consisting of mononuclear cells, monocytes or small lymphocytes, endothelial swelling, acute arteriitis, and disseminated cell necroses which can finally cause myocardial failure. The acute rejection crisis may be prevented by immunosuppressive therapy with cortisone derivatives, azathioprine, local irradiation and treatment with antilymphocytic globulin. The phase of chronic rejection is characterized by severe and usually obliterating intimal fibrosis of small and medium-size arteries as well as by interstitial fibrosis of the myocardium. Unspecific myocardial changes are ischemic and surgical-induced necroses and hemorrhages. In addition, the effects of denervation and interruption of the lymphatic vessels have to be considered. In cardiac transplants in man, severe atheromatous changes of the coronary arteries occur in the host. This severe atheromatosis of the coronary arteries is the result of immunologically induced endothelial processes and the influence of the persisting basic metabolic disease of the host as well as of long-term therapy with cortisone derivatives. Infections constitute the most serious complications of immunosuppressive therapy. Furthermore, the effects of cortisone, azathioprine and local irradiation on the myocardium are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: L-type calcium channel ; β Subunit isoforms ; Human heart ; Cardiac hypertrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the expression of α1 and β subunits of the L-type Ca2+ channel on the protein level in cardiac preparations from normal human heart ventricles and from the hypertrophied septum of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). 1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) binding and immunorecognition by polyclonal antibodies directed against the C-terminal amino acid sequences of the β2 and β3 subunits were used for detection and quantification of α1, β2, and β3 subunits. Bmax of high-affinity DHP binding was 35±2 fmol/mg protein in HOCM and 20±2 fmol/mg protein in normal human hearts (P〈0.05). In rabbit hearts the anti-β2 subunit antibody immunoprecipitated 80% of the total amount of DHP-labeled Ca2+ channels present in the assay. Under identical experimental conditions 25% of labeled Ca2+ channels were recovered in the immunoprecipitates of both normal and HOCM ventricles. A similar partial immunoprecipitation was observed in pig hearts. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the β2 subunit was associated with the DHP receptor/Ca2+ channel in cardiac muscle of rabbit, pig, and human heart. In neither of these purified cardiac Ca2+ channels was the β3 subunit isoform detected. Our results suggest that both α1 and β2 subunit expression is upregulated in HOCM in a coordinate manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 30 (1969), S. 266-267 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 698-715 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electronic properties of core states are discussed with respect to symmetry and localization. Particular attention is paid to the potential energy surfaces and to the construction of the Hamiltonian governing the nuclear dynamics in the manifold of interacting core states. For a system with N equivalent sites on which electrons (holes) may localize, the total multidimensional Hamiltonian is reduced to N equivalent Hamiltonians of low dimension and distorted symmetry. The various contributions to these Hamiltonians due to core and valence electrons and their interaction are discussed. The analytical results are compared with the results of ab initio computations on C3H+3 and B3N3H6 which serve as examples throughout. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 11108-11133 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electronic double vacancies with one vacancy in the valence shell and one in the core play a role in several physical processes. Such core-valence double vacancies are theoretically analyzed and related to possible experiments. The corresponding wavefunctions and energies for CO, N2, and H2CO are computed using propagator and configuration interaction methods. The numerical results are analyzed in some detail and are compared to the corresponding single valence vacancies. The analysis is performed by breaking up the binding energy of the double vacancy into the most relevant components, such as hole–hole repulsion and relaxation contributions. It is shown that the double ionization potential is essentially given by single ionization quantities. In particular, we find a kind of "Koopmans theorem'' for those dicationic states with an outer valence hole: the double ionization potential (shifted by the core ionization energy) is approximately given by the valence orbital energy of the core ionized state. As typical for double vacancies we encounter, in addition, an interesting singlet–triplet separation problem. Intensities for the production of the dicationic states by valence ionization out of a core ionized initial state are derived. The extent of valence hole localization in the dicationic states is analyzed by a two-hole population analysis. The analysis can be used to simulate the production of core-valence vacancies via Auger decay. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 707-707 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Extracorporeal circuits ; Surface coating ; Anticoagulants ; EKZ ; Beschichtung ; Anticogulantien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: ZusammenfaBung Nach tierexperimentellen Langzeitperfusionen (12–24h) wurden die Oberflächen der extracorporalen Kreisläufe rasterelektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. An Stellen verlangsamter und/oder turbulenter Strömung kam es bevorzugt zur Ablagerung von Fibrin-, Thromben- und Zelldetritus. Diese Ablagerungen wurden sowohl in Kreisläufen einer Standardausrüstung unter Vollheparinisierung als auch in Kreisläufen, bei denen zur VerbeBerung der Kompatibilität eine blutkontaktseitige Beschichtung mit silica-free-silicone-ruber" bestand, unter reduzierter Heparindosierung gefunden.
    Notes: Summary After long-term perfusion in animals (12–24 h) the surfaces of the extracorporeal circuits were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Especially at points of slow and/or turbulent flow patterns, there were deposits of fibrin, blood clots, and cell fragments. The deposits were observed in circuits of standard equipment and full heparinization as well as in circuits with a “silica-free silicone rubber”-coating for better compatibility and reduced heparinization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 322 (1968), S. 121-126 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Düsseldorf konnten seit 1946 30 Carcinoide beobachtet werden, darunter 11 histologisch, klassifizierte Bronchus-Carcinoide sowie 19 Carcinoide des Gastro-Intestinaltraktes. Ausgangspunkt der letzteren waren Dünndarm, Appendix, Magen, Coecum, Rectum und D. Choledochus; zweimal war ein Primärtumor bei ausgedehnter Metastasierung nicht mehr nachweisbar, in 2 weiteren Fällen lag ein typisches Carcinoid-Syndrom vor. Auf die Klinik sowie die Möglichkeiten der chirurgischen Therapie wurde an Hand der beobachteten Fälle speziell eingegangen.
    Notes: Summary Since 1946 30 carcinoid tumors could be observed in the Surgical-University in Düsseldorf. These consisted of 11 histologically classified bronchus carcinoid tumors as well as 19 carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The latter originated in the small bowel, the appendix, the stomach, the coecum, the rectum, and the bileduct. Twice, in cases with extensive metastases, a primary tumor could no longer be, demonstrated. In two additional cases a typical carcinoid-syndrome existed. The clinical findings as well as the possibilities of surgical treatment are discussed in detail on the basis of the observed cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 323 (1969), S. 318-338 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Übersicht wird an Hand der Literatur sowie der 18 eigenen Beobachtungen über die Karzinoide des Gastrointestinaltraktes berichtet. Es wird zunächst die Morphologie der Karzinoide auf Grund der erhobenen Lieht-und elektronenmikroskopischen Befunde beschrieben. Entsprechend der Karzinoidlokalisation in den einzelnen Abschnitten des Gastrointestinaltraktes erfolgt dann getrennt die Besprechung ihrer klinischen Symptomatik, ihrer Wachstumstendenz sowie ihrer chirurgischen Therapie. Abschließend wird das Karzinoidsyndrom sowie seine Abgrenzung gegenüber den Karzinoiden ohne endokrine Symptomatik erörtert.
    Notes: Summary 18 observations of carcinoids of the gastrointestinal tract are reported in this survey together with the current literature. The pathological alterations in morphology, light and electron microscopy are described. Corresponding to the localization of the carcinoid tumors in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract the clinical signs, the infiltrative and metastasizing potentialities, and the possibilities of surgical treatment are discussed. Finally a description is given to the carcinoid syndrome deliminated from carcinoids without any endocrinological symptom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 605-606 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An der Chirurgischen Universitätsklinik Düsseldorf erfolgten von 750 endovenösen Schrittmacherimplantationen 179 über die Vena jugularis ersten Zugang betrug die Komplicationsrate bezüglich Infectionen 11,3%, beim zweiten nur 0,35%. Die Elektrodeninsertion über die Vena cephalica oder zu 94% der Fälle. Aber auch in den wenigen Fällen mit Lagevariationene oder zu kleinem Kaliber der Vene konnten dio Eingriffe ohne Schwierigkeiten erfolgreich beendet werden. Bei den über die Vena cephalica implantierten 571 Elektroden gab es insgesamt nur 23 Frühdislokationen (innerhalb 4 Wochen nach Implantation) = 4,03%. Bei 120 Patienten warden zur Klärung der Frage thrombotischer Prozesse phlebographische Röntgenuntersuchungen der oberen Körperhälfte durchgeführt. Es handelte sich umFrüh- un Spätuntersuchungen. 28% der Patienten hatten thrombotische Veränderungen im Subclavia-Venenwinkelbereich. Nur 5% zeigten klinisch eine Armschwellung und Hautvenenerweiterungen. Embolische Lungenkomplikationen durch Thrombenablösung entlang der Elektroden warden klinisch in keinem Fall, bei Obduktionen nur in 2 Fällen gesehen. Eine tödliche Lungenembolie wurde überhaupt nicht nachgewiessen. Phlebographische Untersuchungen sind indiziert, wenn Elektrodenextraktionen bzw. Elektrodenlagekorrekturen vorgesehen sind, da bei nachgewiesenen Thromben mit deren Ablösung oder mit Venenverletzungen zu rechnen ist.
    Notes: Summary Of 750 endovenous pacemaker implantations carried out at the Surgical University Clinic, Düsseldorf, 179 were via the external or internal jugular vei, and 571 via the cephalic vein. When using the firts method, the rate of complications, mainly infections, was 11.3%, with the second it was only 0.35%. Insertion of the eclectrodes via the cephalic vein succeeded in 94% of the cases, and even in the few cases where it was difficult to locate the appropriate site or where the calibre fo the vein was small, the operation could be successfully completed without undue difficulty. Amongst the 571 electrodes implanted via the cephalic vein there were altogether only 23 early dislocations (within four weeks of implantation), that is 4.03%. To clarify the question of thrombotic processes, phlebographic X-rays of the upper part of the body were carrried out in 120 patients. These were both early and late X-ray examinations. 28% of the patients showed thrombotic changes in the region of the subclavian vein. Only 5% of these patients showed clinical oedema of the arm and congestion of superfical veins. Pulmonary embolism through dislocation of a thrombus along the path of the electrodes was never observed clinically, but was seen in two cases on autopsy. Fatal in our patients. Phlebographic X-ray examination is indicated if removal or adjustment of electrodes is contemplated, as in the presence of thrombi one has to reckon with the possible dislocation of these, as mboli, and also the risk of injury to the veins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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