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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (8)
  • Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Standardized uptake values of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose: the value of different normalization orocedures (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 23 (1996), S. 571-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ; Standardized uptake value ; Semiquantitation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While the evident advantages of absolute metabolic rate determinations cannot be equalled by static image analysis of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (FDG PET) studies, various algorithms for the normalization of static FDG uptake values have been proposed. This study was performed to compare different normalization procedures in terms of dependency on individual patient characteristics. Standardized FDG uptake values (SUVs) were calculated for liver and lung tissue in 126 patients studied with wholebody FDG PET. Uptake values were normalized for total body weight, lean body mass and body surface area. Ranges, means, medians, standard deviations and variation coefficients of these SUV parameters were calculated and their interdependency with total body weight, lean body mass, body surface area, patient height and blood sugar levels was calculated by means of regression analysis. Standardized FDG uptake values normalized for body surface area were clearly superior to SUV parameters normalized. for total body weight or lean body mass. Variation and correlation coefficients of body surface area-normalized uptake values were minimal when compared with SUV parameters derived from the other normalization procedures. Normalization for total body weight resulted in uptake values still dependent on body weight and blood sugar levels, while normalization for lean body mass did not eliminate the positive correlation with lean body mass and patient height. It is concluded that normalization of FDG uptake values for body surface area is less dependent on the individual patient characteristics than are FDG uptake values normalized for other parameters, and therefore appears to be preferable for FDG PET studies in oncology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00833394
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintimammography in the detection of breast tumours (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 1138-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ; Positron emission tomography ; Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ; Scintimammography ; Breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to compare, in breast cancer patients, the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and scintimammography (SMM) using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI). A total of 20 patients (40 breasts with 22 lesions) were evaluated serially with MIBI and, on the following day, with FDG. For SMM, planar and single-photon emission tomography imaging in the prone position was performed starting at 10 min following the injection of MIBI (740 MBq). For PET, scans were acquired 45–60 min after the injection of FDG (370 MBq) and attentuation correction was performed following transmission scans. Results from SMM and PET were subsequently compared with the histopathology results. True-positive results were obtained in 12/13 primary breast cancers (mean diameter=29 mm, range 8–53 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. False-negative results were obtained in two local recurrences (diameter 〈9 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. In benign disease, FDG and MIBI did not localize three fibrocystic lesions, two fibroadenomas and one inflammatory lesion (true-negative), but both localized one fibroadenoma (false-positive). Collectively, the results demonstrate a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 86%, for primary breast cancer regardless of whether FDG or MIBI was used. In contrast to MIBI scintigraphy, FDG PET scored the axillae correctly as either positive (metastatic disease) or negative (no axillary disease) in all 12 patients. The tumour/non-tumour ratio for MIBI was 1.97 (range 1.43–3.1). The mean standard uptake value (SUV) for FDG uptake was 2.57 (range 0.3–6.2). The diagnostic accuracy of SMM was equivalent to that of FDG PET for the detection of primary breast cancer. For the detection of in situ lymph node metastases of the axilla, FDG seems to be more sensitive than99mTc-MIBI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254246
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal scan time for fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in breast cancer (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 26 (1999), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Breast cancer ; Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ; Positron emission tomography ; Tumour-to-non-tumour ratio ; Contrast parameters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) has proven useful in the differentiation of various tumour entities, including breast cancer. In patients with primary breast cancer we performed a 3-h imaging protocol to examine possible improvements in tumour detectability and image contrast. Twenty-nine patients with primary breast cancer with a diameter of ≥2 cm that was demonstrated to be malignant by biopsy or surgery were injected with 370–740 MBq 18F-FDG and scanned in the prone position. Data were acquired 0–40 min, 1.5 h and 3.0 h after injection. After correction for measured attenuation, decay and scatter and iterative reconstruction, standardised uptake values (SUVs) and tumour-to-non-tumour and tumour-to-organ ratios were calculated. Visual analysis was performed using transverse, sagittal and coronal slices as well as 3D reprojection images. Tumour-to-non-tumour and tumour-to-organ ratios were significantly higher for the 3-h images than for the 1.5-h images. SUVs did not increase to the same extent. Lesion detectability was 83% in 1.5-h images compared to 93% in 3-h images. We conclude that tumour contrast in breast cancer is improved by starting the PET acquisition at 3 h p.i. rather than at 1.5 h p.i.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050381
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Tougaard background subtraction to Auger spectra. II. Ti and Co silicides (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 584-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The application of the Tougaard algorthm for the calculation of the inelastic background of surface electron spectra to the investigation of titanium and cobalt silicides is disecussed. The differential inelastic scattering cross-section is calculated based on optical or energy loss experiments, derived from REELS spectra or approximated by the ‘Universal cross-section’. The signal-to-noise ratio, the sensitivity for small peaks and sensitivity factors are discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740170807
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis of W(N), TiW and TiW(N) matrices using XPS, AES, RBS, EPMA and XRDPaper presented at QSA-6, London, November, 1990. (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 373-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural and quantitative chemical analyis of tungsten nitrides and titanium-tungsten nitrides with variable N content (denoted as W(N) and TiW(N)) are explored by a combination of different analysis techniques. Special attention is given to the unraveling by XPS of the different binding states that are present in the surface contamination layer and in the bulk of the layers. The determination of our own sensitivity factors is essential for accurate quantification of both XPS and AES data. Comparison of the different techniques shows the presence of strong preferential sputtering for W(N) alloys, whereas this effect is unimportant for TiW(N). The influence of the vacuum of the analysis chamber of XPS and AES on the results is studied thoroughly.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740170613
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative auger electron spectroscopy of AlxGa1-xAs layers and superstructures grown by MBE (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 156-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Quantitative Auger electron spectroscopy analysis is performed for the ternary system AlxGa1 - xAs with different x-values. Thick layers and superstructures are grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The relative sensitivity factors are determined by the method of the internal reference element. Correction for preferential sputtering of Ga is accounted for by a correction factor determined relative to electron probe microanalysis measurements. The matrix corrections are unimportant for this system. The results will be compared with photoluminescence measurements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740120217
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Tougaard background subtraction to Auger spectra. I: Silicon, SiO2 and Si3N4 (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 15 (1990), S. 767-774 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The inelastic background subtraction algorithm that was proposed by Tougaard for x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is applied to Auger electron spectra of Si, SiO2 and Si3N4. The influence of the different parameters, the cascade fitting and the use of calculated λ(E)K(E, T) functions or of the ‘Universal Cross-section’ are examined in detail. It is shown that the method can be applied quite successfully for quantitative analysis when matrix corrections are considered.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740151209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auger analysis of Ni/Au/Te and Au/Te Ohmic Contacts on n-GaAs (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 19 (1992), S. 318-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The characterization of Ni/Au/Te and Au/Te contacts on n-GaAs by Auger electron spectroscopy is studied by surface element mapping and depth profiling. Owing to the high lateral resolution of AES, important characteristics of these metallization schemes, which could not be detected by any other technique, are revealed. Comparison with other analysis technique is performed, yielding important insight into the mechanism of ohmic conductivity.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740190160
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative AES analysis of Ti silicide and Co silicide films (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The possibilities for quantitative Auger analysis in the derivative mode of Ti and Co silicide films are examined as a function of the composition. Both matrix and sputter corrections are taken into account. It is shown that the theoretical expressions for both corrections predict a weak composition dependence. However, the quantitative results obtained with this procedure strongly deviate from Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. It is concluded that the sputter and matrix corrections cannot sucessfully be applied for these materials. Experimental matrix and sputter correction factors are determined.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740120216
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative AES and XPS investigation of magnetron sputtered TiNx filmsPaper presented at the Quantitative Surface Analysis (QSA-5) Conference, London, 15-18 November 1988. (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 14 (1989), S. 337-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The possibilities for quantitative compositional analysis of TiNx layers prepared by d.c. magnetron sputtering with Auger electron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are discussed. As an alternative to the AES quantification schemes reported in the literature, methods based on the ‘peak-to-peak-minus-x-eV-height’ and ‘factor analysis’ are examined. Different background subtraction methods are studied for the XPS quantification.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740140610
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