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  • wheat  (4)
  • Rice  (3)
  • oxygen uptake  (3)
  • Gall bladder  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Gall bladder ; Agenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'absence congénitale de la vésicule biliaire est une malformation dont l'incidence est évaluée de 0,013 à 0,075 %. Nous rapportons deux observations d'agénésie de la vésicule biliaire, représentant les premiers cas de l'Afrique du Sud, nous les confronterons au 413 cas de la littérature. Pour confirmer le diagnostic d'agénésie de la vésicule biliaire, il est nécessaire d'exclure les localisations vésiculaires anormales, soit intra-hépatiques, soit rétro-hépatiques, soit dans le foie gauche, soit à l'intérieur de l'omentum ou du ligament falciforme, voire même rétro-péritonéales. Les patients porteurs d'agénésie de la vésicule biliaire sont classés en trois catégories : 1) Sujets porteurs de multiples anomalies foetales (12,9 %) 2) Sujets asymptômatiques (33,6 %) 3) Sujets avec manifestations cliniques (55,6 %). Néanmoins, les modalités diagnostiques habituelles peuvent, dans de rares conditions, se présenter dans le cadre d'une urgence chirurgicale abdominale. L'agénésie de la vésicule biliaire est une malformation bien connue, mais reste une anomalie rare. Avec l'avènement des abords chirurgicaux à minima, la laparotomie peut être évitée à condition que dans les cas suspectés, on réalise une exploration par endoscopie rétrograde des voies biliaires et pancréatiques (ERCP) et un scanner abdominal.
    Notes: Summary Congenital absence of the gall bladder is an extremely rare embryological aberration with a reported incidence ranging between 0.013 and 0.075%. This report, the first from South Africa, discusses 2 cases of gall bladder agenesis, bringing to 413 the number of cases reported in the literature. In confirming the diagnosis of an agenesis of the gall bladder, it is necessary to exclude the abnormal locations which are intrahepatic, retrohepatic, on the left side, or within the lesser omentum or falciform ligament and retroperitoneal. Patients with gall bladder agenesis are classified into 3 categories: i) Multiple foetal anomaly (12.9%), ii) Asymptomatic (31.6%) and iii) Symptomatic (55.6%). Notwithstanding current diagnostic modalities, this rare condition may still present a dilemma to the abdominal surgeon. Agenesis of the gall bladder is a well-recognised but uncommon congenital abnormality. With the advent of minimal access surgery laparotomy may be avoided as the condition, when suspected, may be confirmed by ERCP and CT scan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Gall bladder ; Agenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Congenital absence of the gall bladder is an extremely rare embryological aberration with a reported incidence ranging between 0.013 and 0.075%. This report, the first from South Africa, discusses 2 cases of gall bladder agenesis, bringing to 413 the number of cases reported in the literature. In confirming the diagnosis of an agenesis of the gall bladder, it is necessary to exclude the abnormal locations which are intrahepatic, retrohepatic, on the left side, or within the lesser omentum or falciform ligament and retroperitoneal. Patients with gall bladder agenesis are classified into 3 categories: i) Multiple foetal anomaly (12.9%), ii) Asymptomatic (31.6%) and iii) Symptomatic (55.6%). Notwithstanding current diagnostic modalities, this rare condition may still present a dilemma to the abdominal surgeon. Agenesis of the gall bladder is a well-recognised but uncommon congenital abnormality. With the advent of minimal access surgery laparotomy may be avoided as the condition, when suspected, may be confirmed by ERCP and CT scan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Calcareous soil ; DTPA-extractable iron ; Iron ; Lentil ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a pot experiment with 26 calcareous soils, the critical limit of Fe in soils and plants was evaluated. DTPA-extractable Fe was found significanty correlated with Bray's per cent yield in rice. The Fe2+ (iron) in rice and lentil was also found significantly correlated with DTPA-extractable Fe as well as Bray's per cent yield showing thereby the superiority of Fe2+ (iron) in leaves over DTPA-extractable soil Fe to differentiate Fe responsive soils from non-responsive ones. The total Fe content in plant tissues does not seem correlated with the occurrence of Fe deficiency. The threshold values of DTPA-extractable soil Fe and Fe2+ (iron) in rice and lentil leaves were 6.95, 44 and 74.5 ppm, respectively below which appreciable responses to Fe application were observed. The optimum Fe level for these soils was found to be 10 ppm in which the dry matter yield response in all the 19 rice soils and 16 lentil soils ranged from 14.28 to 56.16 (Av. 25.75%) and 13.31 to 53.97 (Av. 22.47%), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 30 (1991), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Chloride ; pH ; residual effect ; sandy soil ; selenate ; selenite ; sulphate ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In areas where soils supply inadequate Se to crops to meet animal nutritional needs, it may be necessary to supplement Se in some fashion. This greenhouse experiment was designed to study the effect of selenate and selenite, incorporated with a Cl- or a SO4-based NPK (16-5-12) fertilizer added to a low-Se soil, on the Se concentration in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The sandy soil was limed to pH 5.5 and 6.5 prior to receiving 0, 0.03, or 0.06 mg Se kg−1 of soil with each NPK source each year for two years. The SO4-based NPK fertilizer treatment was used only at the 0.06 mg Se kg−1 rate. In the third year, the residual effect of the Se applied in the first 2 years was studied. The grain yield among treatments differed significantly but the effects of the rate or source were not consistent in all the years. However, significantly higher yields were obtained at pH 6.5 than at pH 5.5. Selenium concentration and uptake in wheat grain increased in proportion to the applied selenate but not selenite. However, selenite increased the Se concentration and uptake over the control. The concentration and uptake of Se were higher from selenate than from selenite. The effect of the Cl- and SO4-based NPK fertilizers was different on selenate and selenite. Selenium accumulation in wheat grain was greater from the Cl-based NPK fertilizer when selenate was used but it was greater from the SO4-based NPK fertilizer when selenite was used. The Se concentration in wheat, especially from selenate, was generally higher at the higher pH level except in the first year where it was higher at the lower pH level. The uptake of Se from the Se-enriched NPK fertilizers was generally as high as from the Se applied separately. The residual effect of both sources of Se applied in the first 2 years was very poor in the third year. The results suggest that the Se concentration in wheat grain can be increased by incorporating the Se salts in the NPK fertilizers but more selenate is recovered than selenite. Selenate should, however, be incorporated in a Cl-based NPK fertilizer to avoid the ionic competition from SO4 ions in the SO4-based NPK fertilizer. The uptake of Se is generally higher at pH 6.5 than at pH 5.5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 45 (1995), S. 163-167 
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Basal dressing ; Se-enriched fertilizers ; Se-uptake ; soil texture ; top-dressing ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A multisite field experiment was conducted to study the effect of topdressed Se-enriched Ca(NO3)2 (CN) and basal applied NPK on the selenium (Se) concentration in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selenium was applied either through CN (at the rates of 0, 6.45, and 12.91 g Se ha−1) or NPK (5.83 g Se ha−1). Selenium concentration in wheat grains increased consistently with increasing rate of Se-enriched CN or NPK. However, the superiority of Se-enriched CN over NPK in raising the Se concentration in wheat grain depended on location and growth conditions. At the same rate both methods of Se-application were found to be equally effective in raising the Se concentration of wheat grains. The Se concentration of grain was generally higher in the light textured soils than in the medium to heavy textured soils. Without Se application, the Se-concentration in wheat grain was about 16µg kg−1 which is regarded insufficient to meet the Se requirement for Se in animal and human. Calcium nitrate enriched with 25 mg Se kg−1 (6.45 g Se ha−1) increased the Se concentration in wheat grain to a desired level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 66 (1979), S. 129-133 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Metabolism ; oxygen uptake ; Respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The O2 consumption (mg/hr) through water in case of Anabas testudineus during development and growth has been measured and its relationship to body weight or length studied. The logarithmic plot of 02 uptake through water either against body weight or length suggested a statistically significant (P 〉 3.53) two-component curve, the point of intersection being at 11 mg body weight and 1.78 cm body length. These are the theoretical values of weight or length at which the responsibility of supplementing nearly 40% of the total O2 demand through the newly developed air breathing organ falls in the early life of the fish. One of the impelling causes forcing developing fry of Anabas to adopt a bimodal gas exchange machinery seems to be 4 fold increase in the diffusion distance at the gills.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: respiration ; oxygen uptake ; metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen uptake in relation to body size during the early life of the fish Channa punctatus shows a significant two-component curve: one related to the fully aquatic phase and the other to the bimodal phase of respiration. The onset of the air-breathing habit around the 18–20th day after hatching brings about a 45% drop in O2 uptake through the gill/skin in water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 78 (1981), S. 81-86 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: metabolism ; oxygen uptake ; respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The O2 uptake through water has been measured in case of Heteropneustes fossilis during development and growth and its relationship to body size established. A higher rate of O2 uptake during the early phase of ontogenesis is related to intense growth of the respiratory surface area and increasing metabolic demand of the fish. The logarithmic plot of data for O2 uptake in relation to body size shows a statistically significant two-component curve; one related to the fish when it is a fully aquatic breather and the other when it changes to bimodal gas exchange. The onset of the air breathing habit brings about a 40% drop in O2 uptake through water, which is made good through the newly developed air breathing organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Organic manures ; Residual effects ; Rice ; Yield ; Zinc application ; ZnO suspension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Application of zinc sulphate mixed with compost/poultry manure proved to be equivalent to the effect of dipping the seedling roots in 4% ZnO suspension with respect to rice yields but Zn-amended organic manures were superior to other treatments with regards to total Zn uptake. A marked residual effect of soil applied treatments was recorded on the succeeding maize crop. Application of poultry manure alone was about one and a half times more effective than compost alone in increasing the rice and maize grain yields. Poultry manure surpassed compost in increasing zinc uptake by the crops and at the same time it built up more available Zn in soil than compost for the following crop. The magnitude of yields and Zn uptake response were magnified when zinc sulphate was applied along with organic manures. Application of 25 kg zinc sulphate/ha alone had the same effect as 50 quintals poultry manure alone or 12.5 kg zinc sulphate applied with 50 quintals compost/ha with respect to crop yields. A significant positive correlation was, recorded in both the crops between Zn concentration in grain or straw and their respective yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Extractants for available Zn ; Hill and forest soils ; Rice ; Threshold value ; Zinc response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The available Zn in 25 soils of Sub-Himalayan hill and forest region was determined by using some chemical extractants to evaluate its critical limit in soils and rice plant. The critical limit of soil available Zn using DTPA-CaCl2, DTPA-NH4HCO3, EDTA-NH4OAc and EDTA-(NH4)2CO3 was 0.76, 0.86, 0.85 and 1.18 ppm, respectively. The amount of Zn extracted by these extractants was positively and significantly correlated with per cent dry matter yield. In addition to per cent dry matter yield, the Zn extracted by DTPA-CaCl2, DTPA-NH4 HCO3 and EDTA-(NH4)2CO3 was also positively correlated with Zn concentration in 3rd leaf of rice, Zn concentration in rice shoots, Zn uptake by rice shoots and organic carbon content of the soil, and negatively correlated with soil pH.The 2N MgCl2 and 0.1N HCl extractants were found to be not suitable for these soils. Among the four promising extractants, EDTA-(NH4)2CO3 was most efficient as the value of critical limit determined by it expressed 82.4% predictability in the degree of accuracy against 36.8% with EDTA-NH4OAc. Hence EDTA-NH4OAc is the least efficient extractant for estimation of available Zn in such soils. The critical Zn concentration in 3rd leaf of rice was worked out to be 21.5 ppm below which economic responses to Zn application can be expected.
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