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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 6 (1982), S. 517-524 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les définitions respectives de la résection antérieure classique et de la résection antérieure basse du rectum sont précisés dans cet article. La technique opératoire et le traitement pré et post opératoire de chacune des méthodes sont décrites. La mortalité opératoire d'une série de 157 malades opérés de 1973 à mars 1982 fut de 4,5% (7 morts pour 157 malades) 2 morts seulement furent à déplorer chez les 107 derniers opérés (lors des 5 dernières années). Le taux des déhiscences anastomotiques s'abaissa parall'èlement. Le taux de survie à cinq ans fut identique à celui des autres séries de la littérature. Il ne fut constaté aucune différence entre le taux de survie après résection antérieure classique ou résection antérieure basse dès lors que la résection s'appliquait aux tumeurs de A à C selon la classification de Dukes.
    Notes: Abstract The various definitions of anterior and low anterior resection are outlined. The operative technique for performance of both and their perioperative management are described. Operative mortality in 157 patients operated on from 1973 to March 31, 1982, was 4.5% (7 of 157 patients) and had decreased to 1.9% (2 of 107 patients) within the last 5 years. The rate of anastomotic leakage also decreased concomitantly. Five-year survival rates are similar to those reported in the literature; there was no difference between anterior and low anterior resection for tumors of Dukes' stage A-C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Schmerz 14 (2000), S. 302-308 
    ISSN: 1432-2129
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schmerzmessung ; Diagnostik ; Instrumente ; Neugeborene ; Kinder ; Keywords Pain ; Measurement ; Assessment ; Instruments ; Neonates ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background. The assessment and measurement of pain is essential in the implementation and control of pain relieving strategies. The measurement of pain in infants and children should be based on the consideration of age, cognitive level, psychological status, intercurrent diseases and the social context in order to register the child's individual situation and to avoid misinterpretation. Diagnosis. In the preverbal infant, behavioral and physiological cues have to be interpreted by the caregivers. For the assessment of pain in children of four and older who have at least a basic understanding of the pain concept self assessment methods (as rating scales, specific pain interviews, diaries and questionnaires) can be used. In any case the instruments used should be age appropriate. The instruments used for the different age groups are presented with comments on quality and clinical applicability.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund. Voraussetzung zur Durchführung und Kontrolle einer adäquaten und effektiven Schmerztherapie sind die Erfassung und Quantifizierung des Schmerzes in seinen verschiedenen Dimensionen. Bei der Diagnostik des Schmerzes im Kindesalter müssen Alter, kognitiver Entwicklungsstand, psychologischer Status, interkurrierende Erkrankungen und der soziale Kontext berücksichtigt werden, um das Kind in seiner individuellen Situation erfassen zu können und Fehleinschätzungen zu vermeiden. Schmerzdiagnostik im Kindesalter. Im präverbalen Alter werden die physiologischen und verhaltensbezogenen Schmerzäußerungen von Neugeborenen, Säuglingen und Kleinkindern durch eine Fremdbeurteilung erfasst. Bei Kindern ab etwa 4 Jahren, die über ein einfaches Verständnis von Schmerz verfügen, sind Verfahren der Selbsteinschätzung wie einfache Ratingskalen, spezifische Schmerzinterviews, Tagebücher und Fragebögen die primär einzusetzenden Instrumente. In jedem Fall sollten die Instrumente altersgerecht gestaltet sein. Für die verschiedenen Altersgruppen werden Instrumente der Schmerzerfassung mit qualitativen Hinweisen auf deren Güte und klinische Anwendbarkeit vorgestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Schmerz 14 (2000), S. 351-361 
    ISSN: 1432-2129
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kinder ; Kopfschmerz ; Migräne ; Spannungskopfschmerz ; Diagnostik ; Therapie ; Keywords Children ; Headache ; Migraine ; Tension-type headache ; Diagnosis ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background. Headaches are one of the most common health problems of children and adolescents, afflicting between 50–90% of the pediatric population in some form sometimes during their first two decades of life. Due to changing prevalence rates, more or less complex classification systems, inconsistent therapy responses with great inter- and intraindividual variabilities and high placebo response rates, pediatric headache syndromes are frequently thought to be too difficult for the outpatient evaluation and treatment in clinical practice. Therapy and prognosis. However, with the introduction of the International Headache Society classification system, the continuously expanding knowledge about the pathophysiology of different headache syndromes and the development of new symptomatic as well as causative treatment options – covering both: pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches – a pragmatic diagnostic work up and the development of specific treatment schedules for pediatric headache patients is now possible.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund. Kopfschmerzen gehören zu den häufigsten Gesundheitsproblemen von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Zwischen 50 und 90% aller pädiatrischen Patienten leiden während ihrer ersten beiden Lebensjahrzehnte irgendwann einmal unter dem einen oder anderen Kopfschmerzsyndrom. Aufgrund wechselnder Prävalenzraten, mehr oder weniger komplizierten Klassifikationssystemen, inkonstanten bzw. intra- und interindividuell stark variierenden Behandlungserfolgen und hohen Plazeboresponseraten werden pädiatrische Kopfschmerzpatienten in der ärztlichen Praxis ungern gesehen, gilt ihre Betreuung als schwierig und undankbar. Diagnose und Therapie. Mit der Einführung des Klassifikationsschemas der Internationalen Kopfschmerzgesellschaft, neuen Erkenntnissen über die Pathophysiologie verschiedener Kopfschmerzsyndrome und der Entwicklung neuer Optionen für die symptomatische und kausale Behandlung ergeben sich aktuell jedoch durchaus attraktive Möglichkeiten sowohl für eine pragmatische differenzialdiagnostische Evaluation als auch f¨r eine sinnvolle Behandlung pädiatrischer Kopfschmerzpatienten in Klinik und Praxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2129
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Multidimensionale psychologische Schmerzdiagnostik ; Kindlicher Schmerz ; Schmerzmessung bei Kindern ; Qualitative Evaluation ; Key words Multidimensional psychological assessment of pain ; Pediatric pain ; Pain assessment in children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The present paper is one in a series of publications reviewing German instruments for the psychological assessment of pain. Part X deals with pain measurement of acute and chronic pain in infants and children. German assessment instruments of pediatric pain together with frequently used instruments of American origin are examined and described. The survey contains self-report and behavioral pain measures. Multidimensional pain interviews for both children and parents, diaries and rating scales, as well as observation measures especially for infants, are examined. Since the selection of pain-assessment instruments is dependent on the age and cognitive level of the children, for each instrument a minimum age limit is given. In cases in which quantitative indices of reliability, validity and objectivity are still needed, the evaluation is based on qualitative quotations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Veröffentlichungsreihe fortgesetzt, die die Ergebnisse einer Arbeitsgruppe der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes (DGSS) zur Qualitätsprüfung und Qualitätssicherung in der psychologischen Diagnostik des chronischen Schmerzes vorstellt. In Teil X. dieser Reihe werden deutsch- und englischsprachige Instrumente zur Erfassung von akutem und chronischem Schmerz bei Kindern aufgelistet. Neben Selbsteinschätzungsverfahren wie Schmerzinterviews, Tagebüchern und Ratingskalen werden Verfahren der Fremdbeobachtung in kurzer Form beschrieben. Wegen der z.T. nicht ausreichend vorliegenden psychometrischen Gütekriterien können allgemeingültige Empfehlungen für eine Standarddiagnostik nur eingeschränkt gegeben werden. Da der Einsatz der Meßverfahren v.a. stark vom Alter und Entwicklungsstand der Kinder abhängt, werden für jedes Instrument Altersgrenzen für die Anwendung angegeben. Qualitative Hinweise auf die Güte der Instrumente werden für die klinische Anwendbarkeit gegeben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 53 (1980), S. 117-122 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Jugular foramen ; jugular foramen syndrome ; glomus jugulare tumour ; angioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe a patient with a neoplasm closely mimicking a glumous jugulare tumour with regard to both clinical and radiological presentation. The tumour was removed by the transmastoid route. Only after histological examination of the excised neoplasm could the diagnosis of angioma be made. No other case of this nature has been found in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal Metabolism ; Renal Preservation ; Anaerobic Ischemia ; Aerobic Ischemia ; Renal O2-Persufflation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The changes in the status of the adenylic acid-creatine phosphate system and in glycogen, glucose, and lactate were investigated in canine kidneys during preservation in anaerobic and aerobic ischemia at normo- and hypothermia. For anaerobic ischemia, the kidneys were stored without additional measures; for aerobic ischemia, the ischemic kidneys were persufflated with gaseous O2 or gas mixtures containing O2 via the renal artery or vein (orthograde and retrograde aerobic ischemia respectively). Prior to preservation, the kidneys were flushed with cell-free perfusates. Changes in the metabolic status characteristic of anaerobic ischemia were a decrease in the tissue levels of ATP, creatine phosphate, glycogen, glucose, and the sum of adenine nucleotides, a transitory increase in ADP and AMP, and an increase in the tissue level of lactate. Hypothermia caused a retardation of the anaerobic alterations; the loss of ATP was slowed down by factors of 2 and 9.5 when the temperatures were lowered from 37° to 26° and 6°C, respectively. In aerobic ischemia with orthograde and retrograde persufflation of 100% O2 (persufflation pressure = PP 60 and 30 mm Hg), deviations from a regular metabolic status developed very slowly. While the ATP-level decreased to 50% of the control value within scarcely 30 min of anaerobic ischemia at 6°C, it was almost 48 h before a similar loss of ATP occurred during orthograde aerobic ischemia at 6°C. Reduction of O2 in the persufflation gas to 40 and 21 vol-% resulted in less adequate preservation of the metabolic status. Increasing PP to 100 mm Hg for orthograde persufflation had no effect. An increase in PP to 60 mm Hg for retrograde persufflation resulted in a further delay in the metabolic deterioration. The long-term preservation of a regular metabolic status or the slow deviation of the metabolic pattern from the normal range during ischemia with O2-persufflation indicates a significantly smaller energy deficit than during storage in anaerobic ischemia. It must be attributed to a sufficient aerobiosis in the aerobically ischemic kidney, during which organogenic substrates brought in by the initial perfusion are utilized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 326 (1971), S. 357-359 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Thermodilution Method ; Cold Indicator Reservoir ; Heat Exchanger ; Thermodilutionsmethode ; Kälteindicator-Reservoir ; Wärmeaustauscher
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Für die Thermodilutionsmethode wird ein Gerät beschrieben, das einen kleinen Wärmeaustauscher mit einem Kälteindicator-Depot kombiniert. Durch die Verwendung des Gerätes werden die Bedingungen für den extrakorporal gelegenen Anteil des Injektionssystems weiter standardisiert und die Fehlermöglichkeiten der Thermodilutionsmethoden weiter eingeschränkt.
    Notes: Summary An instrument for the thermodilution method is described which combines a small heat exchanger with a cold indicator depot. By its use the conditions for the extracorporeal part of the injection system are further standardized and the sources of error of the thermodilution method further reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 369 (1986), S. 829-829 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 178 (1961), S. 288-291 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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