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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comorbidity: Meanings and Mechanisms (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical psychology 1 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2850
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Comorbidity, meaning the co-occurrence of two supposedly separate conditions at above chance levels, provides a most important research opportunity. It requires a rigorous examination of diagnostic concepts and a systematic critical testing of those concepts. Such testing may shed much needed light on risk mechanisms. Four issues that have given rise to misunderstanding in this connection are discussed: definitions of terms, diagnostic validity, reassessment and research strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1994.tb00012.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Update on the Status of the Flutter Parents' and Teachers' Scales (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Child and adolescent mental health 1 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-3588
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: The Rutter scales are a pair of short questionnaires for collecting information from parents and teachers about the behaviour of children aged about nine to thirteen years. They focus on emotional and conduct disorders and were designed as screening instruments for epidemiological research. Over the last 25 years they have been used in over 80 studies of various kinds around the world, their psychometric properties have been reported in great detail, and the original scales have been adapted for use with younger children and extended to include items about prosocial behaviours. In this article we summarize the evidence that has accumulated about the scales, provide some guidelines for researchers considering using the scales, and consider some applications for them in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3588.1996.tb00006.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dyslexia: Approaches to Validation (1998)
    Oxford UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Child and adolescent mental health 3 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-3588
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-3588.00205
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autism and Known Medical Conditions: Myth and Substance (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 35 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract There is general agreement that autism has an organic basis but there is less agreement on the frequency with which it is associated with known medical conditions. The evidence in the literature on the latter point is reviewed and it is concluded that the rate of known medical conditions in autism is probably about 10%; however the rate appears to be higher in cases of autism associated with profound mental retardation and in cases of atypical autism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01164.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of Psychosocial Experiences in Childhood: Methodological Issues and Some Illustrative Findings (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 34 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The development of a new standardised investigator-based interview, PACE (Psychosocial Assessment of Childhood Experiences), for the assessment of acute life events and long-term psychosocial experiences is described. An application of PACE to a sample of 84 children referred to psychiatric clinics and 22 general population controls, is presented. Reliability was assessed using a separate clinic sample of 15 child-parent pairs. The findings showed that PACE has satisfactory reliability and discriminant validity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01096.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Covariation Between Hyperactivity and Conduct Disturbance in Juvenile Twins (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 37 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Structural equation models were applied to the maternal ratings of 265 MZ and 163 DZ male-male, 347 MZ and 160 DZ female-female, and 262 male-female twin pairs, aged 8-16 years, who participated in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD). Substantial additive genetic influences and contrast effects were found for hyperactivity, and additive genetic and shared environmental effects or positive comparison effects (particularly for the girls) for oppositional/conduct disturbance. Bivariate model fitting showed that the covariation between hyperactivity and oppositional/conduct problems in both younger and older boys and girls is almost entirely attributable to genetic factors. However, whereas in the younger males and females the same set of genes explain all the variation in hyperactivity and conduct disturbance, in the older cohort at least some of the genetic effects are behavior- and gender-specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01476.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precision, Reliability and Accuracy in the Dating of Symptom Onsets in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 37 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Dates of onset of psychiatric symptoms are required in determining whether diagnostic criteria are met for a number of disorders and for a variety of research questions. However, little attention has been paid to the precision and reliability of their recall by parents and children. We present data from two studies indicating that when symptoms have lasted longer than around 3 months, the month of onset usually cannot be accurately reported, while with symptoms that have lasted a year or more, the year of onset is usually uncertain. The implications of these findings for diagnosis and research are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01457.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comorbidity in Child Psychopathology: Concepts, Issues and Research Strategies (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 32 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Epidemiological data show that the co-occurrence of two or more supposedly separate child (and adult) psychiatric conditions far exceeds that expected by chance (clinic data cannot be used for this determination). The importance of comorbidity is shown and it is noted that it is not dealt with optimally in either DSM-III-R or ICD-9. Artifacts in the detection of comorbidity are considered in terms of referral and screening/surveillance biases. Apparent comorbidity may also arise from various nosological considerations; these include the use of categories where dimensions might be more appropriate, overlapping diagnostic criteria, artificial subdivision of syndromes, one disorder representing an early manifestation of the other, and one disorder being part of the other. Possible explanations of true comorbidity are discussed with respect to shared and overlapping risk factors, the comorbid pattern constituting a distinct meaningful syndrome, and one disorder creating an increased risk for the other. Some possible means of investigating each of these possibilities are noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb00350.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Genetics of Children's Oral Reading Performance (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 37 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Measures of reading achievement and verbal ability have been shown to be heritable. Additionally, recent evidence has been suggestive of a major gene effect on reading disability and for problem reading in a sample of normal readers. We report on the etiology of individual differences in oral reading performance, the Slosson Oral Reading Test (SORT), for which biometrical analyses have not been reported in the literature previously. Oral reading performance was measured in a large population-based sample of twins of the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Biometrical analyses of the SORT suggested that, in both mates and females. 69% of the phenotypic variation was due to heritable influences and 13”v of the variation dm- to shared environmental effects. While the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences is equivalent for males and females, males showed greater phenotypic variability than females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01423.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mental Retardation: Genetic Findings, Clinical Implications and Research Agenda (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 37 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The most important genetic advances in the field of mental retardation include the discovery of the novel genetic mechanism responsible for the Fragile X syndrome, and the imprinting involved in the Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes, hut there have also been advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of Down syndrome and phenylketonuria. Genetic detects (both single gene Mendelizing disorders and cytogenetic abnormalities) are involved in a substantial proportion of cases of mild as well as severe mental retardation, indicating that the previous equaling of severe mental retardation with pathology, and of mild retardation with normal variation, is a misleading over–simplication. Within the group in which no pathological cause can be detected, behaviour genetic studies indicate that genetic influences are important, but that their interplay with environmental factors, which are also important, is at present poorly understood. Research into the joint action of genetic and environmental influences in this group will be an important research area in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01404.x
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