Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 20 (1996), S. 460-465 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Laser-diode-pumped Nd:YAG lasers (λ=1064nm) are compact, single-transverse mode laser sources with a higher output power than diode lasers (λ ∼ 800 nm). They are suitable light sources for miniaturized laser Doppler anemometer systems. On the other hand, the sensitivity of conventional detectors and the scattering efficiency particularly of particles smaller than 1 μm are reduced, when these light sources are used. The paper describes comparison measurements of commercial photodetectors based on Si, Ge and InGaAs in a test LDA with an Nd:YAG laser. The achievable signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the Doppler bursts versus the laser power in the measuring volume are compared. This shows that Silicon Avalanche photo diodes (APD) for the near-infrared using a special technology and InGaAs-APDs with low-noise pre-amplifiers can be used advantageously. Similar comparison measurements with an LDA system at λ=830 nm show that an Nd:YAG laser based LDA is more sensitive and leads to higher SNRs because of its higher output power, even though the Mie scattering efficiency and the detector sensitivity are reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Arteries, extremities ; Arteries, laser angioplasty ; Arteries, transluminal angioplasty ; Lasers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated a pulsed 504 nm dye laser at a pulse duration of 1.44 μ and a pulse rate of 10 Hz for its angioplasty capabilities. Laser energy was delivered via 9 F multi-fiber ring catheters. Our experimental data showed effective ablation of atheroma and disruption of calcified plaques at an energy fluence of 9.5 J/cm2 under saline and blood. Histologically, there was only minimal thermal injury to adjacent tissues. Irregular tissue borders after radiant energy exposure of 12.7 J/cm2, under blood, provide strong evidence for ablation by a shock-or pressure-wave mechanism. Percutaneous peripheral laser-assisted angioplasty was performed in 25 patients with arterial occlusive disease of the iliac and femoro-poplteal arteries (mean occlusion length 7.2 cm). All lesions were initially traversed by a guide-wire. Technical success was achieved in 24 out of 25 patients (96%). Laser angioplasty decreased the mean stenosis rate from 100% to 51± 12% (P 〈 0.01). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) rose from 0.48±0.16 before to 0.88±0.10 after intervention (P 〈 0.01) with a value of 0.82±0.15 at 6 months follow-up. The overall success rate, judged clinically and by ABI determinations in all patients, was 84% at a mean follow-up period of 7.9 months. The number of stand-alone laser procedure was 21%. Clinical application of the delivery devices proved to be safe due to the “over-the-wire” approach. Our prelimanary clinical data encourage further refinement of pulsed dye laser angioplasty for more efficacious debulking of atheroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Mortality ; Cigarette smoking ; Construction industry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study describes the smoking patterns of 3528 construction workers as reported at occupational health examinations, in four occupational health centres located in the South of Germany, conducted between August 1986 and December 1988. Subjects were aged 20 to 59 years and were working as plumbers, carpenters, painters or varnishers, plasterers, bricklayers, unskilled workers or white collar employees. Overall smoking prevalence was 53.5%. It was considerably higher than in a representative population sample of the same age groups. Active follow up was carried out to ascertain vital status between October 1992 and July 1994. The effect of smoking on all cause mortality was assessed using the cox proportional hazard model. The relative risk of current smoking was 2.5 (95% CI 1.4–4.4) after adjustment for age, profession, self reported alcohol consumption, body mass index, nationality, and company size. 60% of the deaths among smokers and 34% of deaths in the whole cohort were attributable to smoking. These findings underline the need for comprehensive efforts to reduce smoking and its negative consequences in this occupational group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Phosphorus. 163. About the Triorgano-nonaphosphanes(3) P9Et3 and P9(t-Bu)3; the First Detection of the Inversion of Configuration in a PolycyclophosphaneTriethyl-nonaphosphane(3) (1) and tri-tert-butyl-nonaphosphane(3) (2) have been obtained by thermolysis and by dehalogenating a mixture of t-BuPCl2 and PCl3, respectively, and have been isolated in pure form. According to a complete analysis of their 31P{1H} NMR spectra 1 and 2 possess a P9 skeleton analogous to that of deltacyclane, thus being 5,8,9-triorgano-tetracyclo[4.3.0.0.2,4.03,7]nonaphosphanes. In each case the experimental spectrum can be simulated quite satisfactorily by the superposition of the spectra of two configurational isomers a and b, which differ in their relative arrangements of the substituents. When crystallizing 2 under proper conditions (-30°C) pure 2a precipitates, which on heating in solution is retransformed into the isomeric mixture 2a,2b byinversion of the configuration. The dominating process therein is the change of configuration at P5; besides a quasi synchronous inversion occurs at P8, P9 and possibly also at P5, P8, P9, as is evident from the 2-D 31P NMR exchange spectrum. The same inversion processes also take place in 1 even though at a lower rate.
    Notes: Triethyl-nonaphosphan(3) (1) und Tri-tert-butyl-nonaphosphan(3) (2) wurden durch Thermolysereaktionen bzw. durch Enthalogenierung eines Gemisches aus t-BuPCl2 und PCl3 gewonnen und analysenrein isoliert. Wie durch vollständige Analyse der 31P{1H}-NMR-Spektren bewiesen werden konnte, haben 1 und 2 ein Deltacyclan-analoges P9-Gerüst, sind demnach 5,8,9-Triorgano-tetracyclo[4.3.0.02,4.03,7]nonaphosphane. Die experimentellen Spektren können jeweils sehr befriedigend durch Superposition der Spektren von zwei Konfigurationsisomeren a und b, die sich in der räumlichen Anordnung der Substituenten zueinander unterscheiden, simuliert werden. Bei der Kristallisation von 2 (-30°C) scheidet sich unter geeigneten Bedingungen reines 2a ab, das beim Erwärmen in Lösung durch Inversion wieder in das Isomerengemisch 2a,2b umgewandelt wird. Der dominierende Prozeß ist dabei die Konfigurationsumkehr an P5; daneben findet noch eine quasi-synchrone Inversion an P8, P9 sowie möglicherweise auch an P5, P8, P9 statt, wie aus zweidimensionalen 31P-Austauschspektren ersichtlich ist. Die gleichen Inversionsprozesse laufen auch bei 1, allerdings mit geringerer Geschwindigkeit, ab.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...