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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Extraction of stones from the bile ducts via standard endoscopic techniques, a percutaneous transhepatic approach, or a T-tube track can be unsuccessful. We report our preliminary experience with a combination of percutaneous cholangioscopy and dye laser lithotripsy. Flash lamp-excited dye laser (504 nm) lithotripsy delivered by percutaneous cholangioscopy (12 F) was evaluated in 13 patients with stones in the bile ducts. Conventional endoscopic treatment had not been attempted in 4 patients after hepaticojejunostomy and had failed in 3 patients after gastric bypass surgery or gastrectomy, and in 6 patients because of technical difficulties, i. e. due mainly to largeness of stones. In 12 patients a percutaneous transhepatic route was used. In 1 patient the T-tube track was used as access to the bile ducts. Laser lithotripsy resulted in successful fragmentation of stones in 12 patients (92%). The bile ducts cleared spontaneously in 2 patients only. Using additional techniques, i. e. sphincterotomy and stent insertion, the overall combined success rate for duct clearance after laser fragmentation was 100%. Four patients had a retrograde endoscopic sphincterotomy after failed attempts for stone removal at endoscopic retrograde cholangioscopy. Two patients had an antegrade fluoroscopically monitored sphincterotomy. Bleeding complications occured in 2 patients. This accounted for a high rate (15%) of severe complications. The intrahepatic bleeding in 1 patient was due to an intrahepatic vessel injury by the 13-F sheath. The periampullary bleeding in the other patient occurred after an antegrade papillotomy. Pulsed dye laser lithotripsy proved to be an effective technique in patients with difficult bile duct stones. The main problem of a percutaneous approach is the complete removal of the fragmented stones, which requires additional procedures in most cases. The percutaneous access is time-consuming and bears a relatively high risk of major bleeding complications. It should therefore be restricted to cases in which conventional endoscopic procedures are impossible or unsuccessful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Arteries, extremities ; Arteries, laser angioplasty ; Arteries, transluminal angioplasty ; Lasers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated a pulsed 504 nm dye laser at a pulse duration of 1.44 μ and a pulse rate of 10 Hz for its angioplasty capabilities. Laser energy was delivered via 9 F multi-fiber ring catheters. Our experimental data showed effective ablation of atheroma and disruption of calcified plaques at an energy fluence of 9.5 J/cm2 under saline and blood. Histologically, there was only minimal thermal injury to adjacent tissues. Irregular tissue borders after radiant energy exposure of 12.7 J/cm2, under blood, provide strong evidence for ablation by a shock-or pressure-wave mechanism. Percutaneous peripheral laser-assisted angioplasty was performed in 25 patients with arterial occlusive disease of the iliac and femoro-poplteal arteries (mean occlusion length 7.2 cm). All lesions were initially traversed by a guide-wire. Technical success was achieved in 24 out of 25 patients (96%). Laser angioplasty decreased the mean stenosis rate from 100% to 51± 12% (P 〈 0.01). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) rose from 0.48±0.16 before to 0.88±0.10 after intervention (P 〈 0.01) with a value of 0.82±0.15 at 6 months follow-up. The overall success rate, judged clinically and by ABI determinations in all patients, was 84% at a mean follow-up period of 7.9 months. The number of stand-alone laser procedure was 21%. Clinical application of the delivery devices proved to be safe due to the “over-the-wire” approach. Our prelimanary clinical data encourage further refinement of pulsed dye laser angioplasty for more efficacious debulking of atheroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 182-188 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Bile ducts, injuries – Bile ducts, interventional procedure – Bile ducts, stenosis and obstruction – Bile ducts, stents and prostheses. ; Schlüsselwörter: Gallenwegverletzungen – Gallenwege, interventionelle Prozeduren – Gallenwege, Stenosen und Obstruktionen – Gallenwege, Stents und Prothesen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Hohe benigne biliäre Stenosen, die durch einen komplizierten Krankheitsverlauf bedingt sind oder als Folge einer Operation auftreten, können Bedingungen vorgeben, die eine operative Revision erschweren oder ein hohes Operationsrisiko bedingen. Alternativen zur operativen Revision stellen die percutane Implantation von flexiblen Metallgitterstents oder das Einbringen von Silikonprothesen in das stenosierte Areal dar. Methoden: Seit März 1992 wurden in unserer Klinik 12 Patienten mit benignen Gallenwegstenosen behandelt, von denen 6 einen Palmazstent erhielten und 6 mittels einer Silikonprothese therapiert wurden. Der Erfolg dieser 2 Behandlungskonzepte wurde retrospektiv untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Nachbeobachtungszeit nach Abschluß der Behandlung beträgt bei der Stentimplantation über 7 Jahre und bei der Behandlung mit einer Silikonprothese über 3 Jahre. 50 % der behandelten Patienten mit einem Stent hatten einen völlig unauffälligen Verlauf. Unter Berücksichtigung einer notwendigen interventionellen Revision lag die Offenheitsrate bei 66 %. Bei den mit einer Silikonprothese behandelten Patienten war während der Nachbeobachtungszeit bei keinem eine Revision erforderlich. Schlußfolgerung: Unter Berücksichtigung der Vor- und Nachteile der interventionellen Alternativen zur Operation stellt die prolongierte, großkalibrige Schienung benigner biliärer Stenosen mit Silikonprothesen (Yamakava) eine vielversprechende Therapieform dar.
    Notes: Abstract. Introduction: High benign biliary stenoses, which can occur as a complication of disease or surgery, may be difficult to correct by open surgery and may also carry a high risk. An alternative to surgery is the percutaneous implantation of a flexible metallic stent or silicon prosthesis at the affected site. Methods: Twelve patients with benign biliary stenoses have been operated on in our department since March 1992, and the therapeutic success was reviewed in this study. Results: Six received a Palmaz stent and six a silicon prosthesis, with a follow-up after completion of treatment of more than 7 years and more than 3 years, respectively. Fifty percent of the patients with a stent experienced no problems and 66 % of the stents remained patent (including one requiring operative intervention to restore patency). No further surgery was necessary in any of the patients with a silicon prosthesis. Conclusion: When the advantages and disadvantages of the various procedures are considered, long-term splinting with a wide-lumened silicon prosthesis (Yamakava) appears to be a promising alternative to surgery for the treatment of benign biliary stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Bile ducts ; injuries ; Bile ducts ; interventional procedure ; Bile ducts ; stenosis or obstruction ; Bile ducts ; stents and prostheses ; Schlüsselwörter: Gallenwegverletzungen ; Gallenwege ; interventionelle Prozeduren ; Gallenwege ; Stenosen und Obstruktionen ; Gallenwege ; Stents und Prothesen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Als Alternative zur operativen Revision einer hohen, benignen biliären Striktur soll das technische Vorgehen der großkalibrigen Gallengangschienung mit Yamakawa-Prothesen ohne repetitive Ballondilatation am Beispiel einer Patientin geschildert werden. Methoden: Zur Stenoseüberbrückung wurde bilateral eine percutan-transhepatische Anlage von 2 Yamakawa-Prothesen aus Silikon vorgenommen (Ductus hepaticus, rechts: 14-F-Prothese; links: 12-F-Prothese). Die Prothesen wurden unter permanentem oralen Antibioticaschutz alle 8 Wochen durch neue Prothesen ersetzt. Nach 8 Monaten wurden beide Prothesen entfernt. Ergebnisse: Die Kontroll-Cholangiographie zeigte ein normal-weites intrahepatisches Gallenwegsystem rechts und eine 50 %ige Mündungsstenose des linken Ductus hepaticus. Die Nachbeobachtung über einen Zeitraum von 18 Monaten zeigte keinen Hinweis auf eine Abflußbehinderung des Gallengangsystems. Schlußfolgerungen: Im Vergleich zur repetitiven Ballondilatation und zur Implantation metallischer Gallenwegstents bietet sich die prolongierte, großkalibrige Schienung benigner biliärer Strikturen mit Yamakawa-Prothesen als alternative Therapieform an.
    Notes: Summary. Aim: As an alternative method to the operative revision of benign bile duct strictures, we report the use of a large-bore bile duct prosthesis (Yamakawa prosthesis) in one patient. Methods: Bilateral percutaneous transhepatic implantation of Yamakawa prostheses (14 F right side, 12 F left side) was performed without adjunctive balloon dilatation. The prostheses were exchanged every 8 weeks under continuous antibiotic treatment and were finally removed after 8 months. Results: Control cholangiography showed a normal intrahepatic biliary system on the right side and a 50 % stenosis at the orifice of the left hepatic duct. Follow-up over 18 months showed no signs of recurrent disease. Conclusions: In comparison to balloon dilatation and implantation of metallic stents, prolonged bilateral splinting with large-bore Yamakawa prostheses seems to be an alternative for the treatment of benign bile duct strictures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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