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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The value of hyoscine butylbromide in abdominal MR imaging with and without oral magnetic particles (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 381 -388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Gastrointestinal tract—MR studies—Magnetic resonance (MR)—Contrast media—Iron—Hyoscine butylbromide.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Purpose: The purpose of this article was to assess the impact of intravenous (IV) anticholinergic hyoscine butylbromide in abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with oral magnetic particles (OMP) [ABDOSCAN, Ferristene (USAN), Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo, Norway]. Materials and methods: In 31 patients with abdominal tumors, T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) images (SE 600/15; 1.5 T) were obtained without and with IV hyoscine butylbromide (20 mg) before and after administration of 800 ml of OMP. Two blinded readers assessed motion artifacts, bowel-wall visualization, and lesion delineation on the four sets of T1-weighted images. The two-tailed Wilcoxon paired sample test was used for statistical analysis (p 〈 .05). Results: Hyoscine butylbromide reduced motion artifacts and improved bowel-wall visualization on precontrast and OMP-enhanced images at a statistically significant level (p= 0.0006–0.037). The lowest degree of artifacts was recorded on OMP images with hyoscine butylbromide. OMP with hyoscine butylbromide significantly improved lesion delineation compared to studies without antiperistaltic drug before (p= 0.019) and after OMP administration (p= 0.01). Conclusions: The authors conclude that the use of IV hyoscine butylbromide is recommended for OMP-enhanced abdominal MR imaging with T1-weighted SE pulse sequences at 1.5 T.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900215
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of bile duct stones: value of laser lithotripsy delivered via percutaneous endoscopy (1996)
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 734-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Extraction of stones from the bile ducts via standard endoscopic techniques, a percutaneous transhepatic approach, or a T-tube track can be unsuccessful. We report our preliminary experience with a combination of percutaneous cholangioscopy and dye laser lithotripsy. Flash lamp-excited dye laser (504 nm) lithotripsy delivered by percutaneous cholangioscopy (12 F) was evaluated in 13 patients with stones in the bile ducts. Conventional endoscopic treatment had not been attempted in 4 patients after hepaticojejunostomy and had failed in 3 patients after gastric bypass surgery or gastrectomy, and in 6 patients because of technical difficulties, i. e. due mainly to largeness of stones. In 12 patients a percutaneous transhepatic route was used. In 1 patient the T-tube track was used as access to the bile ducts. Laser lithotripsy resulted in successful fragmentation of stones in 12 patients (92%). The bile ducts cleared spontaneously in 2 patients only. Using additional techniques, i. e. sphincterotomy and stent insertion, the overall combined success rate for duct clearance after laser fragmentation was 100%. Four patients had a retrograde endoscopic sphincterotomy after failed attempts for stone removal at endoscopic retrograde cholangioscopy. Two patients had an antegrade fluoroscopically monitored sphincterotomy. Bleeding complications occured in 2 patients. This accounted for a high rate (15%) of severe complications. The intrahepatic bleeding in 1 patient was due to an intrahepatic vessel injury by the 13-F sheath. The periampullary bleeding in the other patient occurred after an antegrade papillotomy. Pulsed dye laser lithotripsy proved to be an effective technique in patients with difficult bile duct stones. The main problem of a percutaneous approach is the complete removal of the fragmented stones, which requires additional procedures in most cases. The percutaneous access is time-consuming and bears a relatively high risk of major bleeding complications. It should therefore be restricted to cases in which conventional endoscopic procedures are impossible or unsuccessful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187681
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental and clinical results with a pulsed dye laser for angioplasty (1993)
    Springer
    European radiology 3 (1993), S. 12-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Arteries, extremities ; Arteries, laser angioplasty ; Arteries, transluminal angioplasty ; Lasers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated a pulsed 504 nm dye laser at a pulse duration of 1.44 μ and a pulse rate of 10 Hz for its angioplasty capabilities. Laser energy was delivered via 9 F multi-fiber ring catheters. Our experimental data showed effective ablation of atheroma and disruption of calcified plaques at an energy fluence of 9.5 J/cm2 under saline and blood. Histologically, there was only minimal thermal injury to adjacent tissues. Irregular tissue borders after radiant energy exposure of 12.7 J/cm2, under blood, provide strong evidence for ablation by a shock-or pressure-wave mechanism. Percutaneous peripheral laser-assisted angioplasty was performed in 25 patients with arterial occlusive disease of the iliac and femoro-poplteal arteries (mean occlusion length 7.2 cm). All lesions were initially traversed by a guide-wire. Technical success was achieved in 24 out of 25 patients (96%). Laser angioplasty decreased the mean stenosis rate from 100% to 51± 12% (P 〈 0.01). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) rose from 0.48±0.16 before to 0.88±0.10 after intervention (P 〈 0.01) with a value of 0.82±0.15 at 6 months follow-up. The overall success rate, judged clinically and by ABI determinations in all patients, was 84% at a mean follow-up period of 7.9 months. The number of stand-alone laser procedure was 21%. Clinical application of the delivery devices proved to be safe due to the “over-the-wire” approach. Our prelimanary clinical data encourage further refinement of pulsed dye laser angioplasty for more efficacious debulking of atheroma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00173516
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perianal complications of Crohn disease: MR imaging findings (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 1035-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Anus ; abnormalities ; Anus ; MR imaging ; Fistula ; anal ; Intestines ; MR imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to revisit anal anatomy, to explain surgical terminology in perianal complications of Crohn disease, and to show the MR imaging findings of perianal fistulas and abscesses. To this end more than 200 patients were studied using surface coils (Helmholtz; phased array) at 1.0 and 1.5 T. Transverse and coronal T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained. Parks' classification was used to describe perianal abscesses and fistulas. This pictorial essay shows the normal anal anatomy and pathologic findings such as subcutaneous, para-anal, ischiorectal, intersphincteric, and supralevatoric abscesses and fistulas. MR imaging with surface coils is well suited to showing the anal anatomy and to reliably describing perianal abscesses and fistulas according to surgical terminology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050248
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Referat Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Computertomographie in der Gynäkologie (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 235 (1983), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02428724
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yamakawa-Prothese mit prolongierter Verweildauer als Therapiekonzept am Beispiel einer benignen biliären Striktur (1998)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 776-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Bile ducts ; injuries ; Bile ducts ; interventional procedure ; Bile ducts ; stenosis or obstruction ; Bile ducts ; stents and prostheses ; Schlüsselwörter: Gallenwegverletzungen ; Gallenwege ; interventionelle Prozeduren ; Gallenwege ; Stenosen und Obstruktionen ; Gallenwege ; Stents und Prothesen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Als Alternative zur operativen Revision einer hohen, benignen biliären Striktur soll das technische Vorgehen der großkalibrigen Gallengangschienung mit Yamakawa-Prothesen ohne repetitive Ballondilatation am Beispiel einer Patientin geschildert werden. Methoden: Zur Stenoseüberbrückung wurde bilateral eine percutan-transhepatische Anlage von 2 Yamakawa-Prothesen aus Silikon vorgenommen (Ductus hepaticus, rechts: 14-F-Prothese; links: 12-F-Prothese). Die Prothesen wurden unter permanentem oralen Antibioticaschutz alle 8 Wochen durch neue Prothesen ersetzt. Nach 8 Monaten wurden beide Prothesen entfernt. Ergebnisse: Die Kontroll-Cholangiographie zeigte ein normal-weites intrahepatisches Gallenwegsystem rechts und eine 50 %ige Mündungsstenose des linken Ductus hepaticus. Die Nachbeobachtung über einen Zeitraum von 18 Monaten zeigte keinen Hinweis auf eine Abflußbehinderung des Gallengangsystems. Schlußfolgerungen: Im Vergleich zur repetitiven Ballondilatation und zur Implantation metallischer Gallenwegstents bietet sich die prolongierte, großkalibrige Schienung benigner biliärer Strikturen mit Yamakawa-Prothesen als alternative Therapieform an.
    Notes: Summary. Aim: As an alternative method to the operative revision of benign bile duct strictures, we report the use of a large-bore bile duct prosthesis (Yamakawa prosthesis) in one patient. Methods: Bilateral percutaneous transhepatic implantation of Yamakawa prostheses (14 F right side, 12 F left side) was performed without adjunctive balloon dilatation. The prostheses were exchanged every 8 weeks under continuous antibiotic treatment and were finally removed after 8 months. Results: Control cholangiography showed a normal intrahepatic biliary system on the right side and a 50 % stenosis at the orifice of the left hepatic duct. Follow-up over 18 months showed no signs of recurrent disease. Conclusions: In comparison to balloon dilatation and implantation of metallic stents, prolonged bilateral splinting with large-bore Yamakawa prostheses seems to be an alternative for the treatment of benign bile duct strictures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050490
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of age and menstrual cycle on mammography and MR imaging of the breast (1997)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 718-725 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Aging • Breast ; MR • Breast ; parenchymal pattern • Breast radiography • Menstruation ; Schlüsselwörter Alter • Magnetresonanzmammographie • Mamma ; Parenchymmuster • Mammographie • Menstruationszyklus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Alter und Menstruationszyklus stellen wichtige Einflußfaktoren auf die Mamma dar. Diese Tatsache ist klinisch lange bekannt und im Alltag des Gynäkologen wie Radiologen ständig präsent. Dagegen ist die Anzahl der Publikationen zu den Auswirkungen dieser Einflüsse auf die Bildgebung erstaunlich niedrig. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die alters- und zyklusabhängigen Veränderungen der Mamma und deren klinische Relevanz für die Mammographie und MR-Mammographie darzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck werden aus einer eigenen Studie Daten der dynamischen MR-Tomographie zum Alters- und Zykluseinfluß auf das Mammaparenchym präsentiert. Darüber hinaus werden diese Einflußfaktoren mit mammographischen und MR-tomographischen Daten aus der Literatur korreliert. Dabei zeigt sich, daß sich aus den alters- und menstruationszyklusbedingten Veränderungen der Brust wichtige unmittelbare Implikationen für Durchführung und Befundung von konventioneller Mammographie und MR-Mammographie ergeben. Die Kenntnisse dieser Veränderungen sind darüber hinaus hilfreich für die Interpretation erhobener Befunde im Methodenvergleich. Schließlich ermöglichen die mittels bildgebender Verfahren gewonnenen Daten wichtige grundsätzliche Einblicke in die Physiologie und Pathophysiologie der Mamma in vivo.
    Notes: Summary Age and menstrual cycle have an important influence on the breast. This well-known fact is experienced in the daily routine of gynecologists and radiologists. The number of publications addressing the effect of these influences on imaging, however, is surprisingly low. The aim of this work is to describe the influences of age and menstrual cycle on the breast and to address their clinical relevance for mammography and MR mammography. Therefore, own data are presented concerning the age and menstrual cycle influences on breast parenchyma in dynamic MR mammography. Literature data are used to correlate mammography and MR imaging findings with these influences. The changes of the breast due to age and menstrual cycle have important direct implications on performing and reading conventional mammography and MR mammography. The knowledge of these changes is also helpful in the interpretation of findings when comparing different methods. Finally, the data gained by using imaging methods enable important basic insights into physiology and physiopathology of the breast in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050273
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of bone marrow after transplantation by means of magnetic resonance (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 70 (1995), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Bone marrow transplantation ; Bone marrow characterization ; Hematopoietic bone marrow ; Hemosiderosis ; Magnetic resonance ; MR imaging ; MR chemical shift imaging ; MR 1H localized spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Magnetic resonance (MR) has become a new tool for noninvasive characterization of bone marrow in patients with hematological disorders in the past few years. Experiences gained from 1H MR imaging and spectroscopic investigations in 48 healthy volunteers and more than 130 patients with hematological disorders are reported and interpreted. Twenty-four of the patients underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) before the MR examinations. The findings in these studies provided noninvasive characterization and monitoring of vertebral marrow after BMT. Specifically, MR techniques were found to be suitable for studies of different aspects in physiological and pathological alterations of bone marrow: The water content within the marrow can be analyzed by chemical-shift selective-imaging techniques with good spatial resolution. Spectroscopic methods also allow more sensitive quantification of the signal fractions, as well as separate evaluation of the relaxation times of water and lipids. Relaxometry might be useful to characterize the cellular and extracellular portions of water molecules. Furthermore, the distribution of the magnetic field within small-volume elements of vertebral marrow can be measured. The field distribution is influenced by the trabecular density and the composition of the marrow. High amounts of hemosiderin in the marrow result in clearly broadened field distributions, demonstrated by increasing line widths in MR proton spectra. Magnetic resonance techniques can be used to assess not only the cellularity of the bone marrow, but also metabolic alterations in this compartment which result from cytotoxic treatment or immunological processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01715375
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the composition of bone marrow prior to and following autologous BMT and PBSCT by magnetic resonance (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 72 (1996), S. 361-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Bone marrow transplantation ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Therapy monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Lumbar bone marrow was assessed by means of magnetic resonance (MR) in 23 examinations of eight patients who underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Various imaging and spectroscopic techniques were applied for measurements carried out prior to conditioning for ABMT/PBSCT and in the course of reconstitution and correlated with clinical and blood chemistry data in these patients. The signal intensity from lumbar bone marrow was determined in T1-weighted and water- and fat-selective MR images. The distribution of the magnetic field was demonstrated by a field-mapping method. Localized proton spectroscopy was performed from volume elements of 2 ml located in the central region of vertebral bodies in order to evaluate the fraction of the water signals, the transverse relaxation times T2 of the signals from water and lipids, and the line widths of the spectral signals. Regions of bone marrow after inflammatory conditions or intensive irradiation are shown to be not involved in marrow reconstitution. Additional information about marrow composition was obtained by the magnetic field mapping and by the line widths in the spectra. Considerable alterations of the amount of paramagnetic hemosiderin were revealed following transplantation. Patients with low water signal and strong local inhomogeneities of the magnetic field in the marrow prior to transplantation had a delayed hematopoietic reconstitution compared with the patients lacking these MR features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050187
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of bone marrow after transplantation by means of magnetic resonance (1995)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 70 (1995), S. 3-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Bone marrow transplantation ; Bone marrow characterization ; Hematopoietic bone marrow ; Hemosiderosis ; Magnetic resonance MR imaging ; MR chemical shift imaging ; MR1H localized spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Magnetic resonance (MR) has become a new tool for noninvasive characterization of bone marrow in patients with hematological disorders in the past few years. Experiences gained from1H MR imaging and spectroscopic investigations in 48 healthy volunteers and more than 130 patients with hematological disorders are reported and interpreted. Twenty-four of the patients underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) before the MR examinations. The findings in these studies provided noninvasive characterization and monitoring of vertebral marrow after BMT. Specifically, MR techniques were found to be suitable for studies of different aspects in physiological and pathological alterations of bone marrow: The water content within the marrow can be analyzed by chemical-shift selective-imaging techniques with good spatial resolution. Spectroscopic methods also allow more sensitive quantification of the signal fractions, as well as separate evaluation of the relaxation times of water and lipids. Relaxometry might be useful to characterize the cellular and extracellular portions of water molecules. Furthermore, the distribution of the magnetic field within small-volume elements of vertebral marrow can be measured. The field distribution is influenced by the trabecular density and the composition of the marrow. High amounts of hemosiderin in the marrow result in clearly broadened field distributions, demonstrated by increasing line widths in MR proton spectra. Magnetic resonance techniques can be used to assess not only the cellularity of the bone marrow, but also metabolic alterations in this compartment which result from cytotoxic treatment or immunological processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01715375
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