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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental hypothalamic dysfunction in dogs (1980)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 3 (1980), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Schlagwort(e): Experimental studies in hypothalamic lesions ; Experimental hypothalamic tumors ; Experimental tumors in dogs ; Tumors in the sellar region ; Diencephalic tumors in dogs ; Experimentelle Untersuchungen hypothalamischer Störungen ; experimentelle Tumoren im Zwischenhirnbereich ; experimentelle Tumoren bei Hunden ; Tumoren in der Sellaregion ; diencephale Tumoren bei Hunden
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei 15 Hunden wurde eine supraselläre Raumforderung erzeugt mit Hilfe eines aufblasbaren Ballonkatheters. Die Tiere wiesen Zeichen einer akuten und chronischen Zwischenhirnstörung auf, die auch nach nicht traumatisierender Entlastung des Ballons keine Rückbildungstendenz zeigte. Die klinischen Befunde wiesen auf eine Hypothyreose hin. Der T3-Test zeigt Störungen der thyreotropen Achse infolge einer hypothalamischen Regulationsstörung. Morphologische Befunde wiesen diffuse perivaskuläre Veränderungen im Hypothalamusbereich auf, die über eine Bluthirnschrankenstörung entstanden sein müssen.
    Notizen: Summary The authors demonstrate an experimental model in dogs developed in order to study endocrine disorders as a result of suprasellar space occupying lesion. Fogarty balloon catheters were inserted in dogs below the optic chiasm and filled with contrast medium. The study of thyroid function shows that initially reversible hypothalamic hypothyroidism develops and that in a second stage most animals develop chronic thyroid dysfunction which is irreversible even after careful removal of the experimental tumor. The clinical symptoms correlate with these findings. Morphological examinations prove the fact that the hypothalamic disorders are due to disturbances of the blood-brain-barrier in the hypothalamus following hypothalamic compression and decompression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01644419
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Clinical and morphological studies of pineal tumours (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 46 (1979), S. 59-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary This is a report of clinical, morphological, diagnostic, endocrinological and therapeutical experiences with 18 patients with tumours in the pineal region. The histological diagnosis was verified in four cases by autopsy, in seven cases by biopsy, and in one case by microscopical verification of tumour cells in the CSF. In all biopsy cases we are dealing with typical germinomas. In the other clinical cases diagnosis was made by neuroradiological and endocrinological methods. The localization was possible by encephalotomography or CT scan, according to Kageyama. Particular attention was given to the endocrinological dysfunctions which originate in the hypothalamus. Also the hypothalamic dysfunctions after irradiation were discussed. Since the results of primary surgical approach and biopsy have been unsatisfactory, we preferred a non-operative schedule for treatment of pineal tumours.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407681
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of encephalotomograms and computerized tomograms in midline tumours in infants (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 50 (1979), S. 91-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Computerized tomogram ; Encephalotomogram ; Midline tumours ; Brain tumours in children ; Intracranial tumours
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Even after the introduction of the computerized tomogram, midline tumours in infants may give diagnostic problems. In the present study 41 children with tumours in the midline were investigated by both computerized tomography and encephalotomography. The results could be divided into two groups, according to the method and according to the localization of the space-occupying lesion. The diagnostic procedure may be restricted to computerized tomography in cases with direct signs (density differences, contrast enhancement). In cases showing indirect signs on the computerized tomogram (dislocation of ventricles or cisterns or both), further investigation would appear to be valuable. Encephalotomography is the method of choice in patients with negative or uncertain CT findings and contradictory clinical symptomatology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01813554
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diagnostic criteria in pituitary tumour recurrence—Combined modality of surgery and radiotherapy (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 80 (1986), S. 73-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary tumour recurrence ; clinical symptoms ; CT-investigation ; recurrence rate ; prolactin level examination ; combined modality of surgical and radiotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The tumour recurrence rate of 210 patients with operated hypophysomas were investigated. Depending on the surgicaal approach, total or subtotal extirpation of the adenomas, the recurrence rates varied from 10,4 to 35%. 33 patients with pituitary tumour recurrences were followed up over a period of 20 years. Clinical symptoms CT-results at relapse are represented. Serum prolactin level (PRL) was determined before and after surgical and radiotherapy of PRL-producing adenomas. In these cases PRL can be accepted as a tumour marker. 13 patients with relapsed hypophysomas received local irradiation (5.7 MeV linear accelerator) after recurrence operation. An individual comparison in the same patient between surgical therapy alone and combined surgical and radiotherapy was possible. Based on the obtained experience with this combined treatment a therapy scheme using combined surgery and radiotherapy in pituitary tumours is suggested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01812277
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pre- and postoperative evaluation of hypothalamo-pituitary function in children with craniopharyngiomas (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 45 (1979), S. 287-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Craniopharyngioma ; growth hormone deficiency ; hypothyroidism ; secondary adrenal insufficiency ; hyperprolactinaemia ; diabetes insipidus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Pre- and postoperative evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary function was performed in six children, aged 5.5 to 13.3 years with craniopharyngiomas. Before surgery growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was documented in four, hypothalamic hypothyroidism in three, and secondary ACTH-deficiency and hyperprolactinaemia in one patient. Diabetes insipidus was absent in all patients. After neurosurgical treatment GHD was present in all, hypothyroidism in five, ACTH-deficiency in three, hyperprolactinaemia in three, and diabetes insipidus in four children. The study shows that all endocrine functions tested may be defective even before surgery, although diabetes insipidus seems to be a rare preoperative complaint. Surgical intervention, however, often leads to additional endocrine disorders. From the data presented here one may suggest that TRH stimulation tests, evaluation of serum prolactin, and lysin-vasopressin stimulation tests are the most useful investigations to distinguish between hypothalamic and primary pituitary disorders.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01769142
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Clinical and morphological studies of pituitary and diencephalic space-occupying lesions before and after operation, with special reference to temperature regulation (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 50 (1979), S. 153-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Diencephalic disturbances ; hypothalamic suprasellar tumours ; operation of sellar tumours ; temperature regulation after operation of sellar tumours
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In this study investigations are reported which analyze the clinical and morphological results in the treatment of diencephalic tumours. Depending on their location, these tumours are classified according to the extent of hypothalamic compression. The following parameters were studied: body temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, serum electrolytes, water balance, and serum glucose. Hormonal tests were carried out to detect disturbances of pituitary and diencephalic function. The clinical findings were verified by morphological study of the hypothalamus in serial sections. The study covers 193 patients with sellar and diencephalic tumours. This analysis led to the following conclusions: 1. The postoperative temperature course is a reliable parameter for the diagnosis of diencephalic damage. 2. Diabetes insipidus is evidence of a diencephalic lesion. 3. Disturbances in the regulation of the serum glucose, electrolytes, blood pressure, and pulse rate are signs of a diffuse diencephalic lesion. 4. Endocrinological disturbances in the late phase indicate permanent diencephalic damage. This study indicates that the clinical findings in the acute postoperative period permit evaluation of the extent of the hypothalamic damage. These findings are consistent with Rothballer's observations on the pre-operative evaluation of these tumours.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01808516
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Disturbances of the hypothalamic thermoregulation (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 75 (1985), S. 106-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Thermoregulation ; hypothalamic thermoregulation ; experimental hypothalamic compression ; diencephalic lesion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Although compression of the hypothalamus in cases of suprasellar tumour is common, spontaneous dysregulation of body temperature is extremely rare. Bilateral localization of the hypothalamic nuclei and a high grade of compensatory value of temperature regulation may be the reason for this phenomenon. In the postoperative period temperature dysregulation is observed more often. In order to analyse the influence of diencephalic regulation in these patients classification of the degree of hypothalamic compression is necessary. The problem was studied under experimental and clinical conditions. 1. Experimental studies in rabbits after acute hypothalamic compression and decompression showed a reversible disturbances of temperature regulation. Hypothalamic compression in dogs resulted in reversible hypothalamic endocrine dysfunction. 2. Clinical observations of body temperature in the period after operation of suprasellar tumors showed similar results. The temperature study was extended on patients with cerebral trauma and intracranial haemorrhage to differentiate the degree of hypothalamic lesion. Morphological examinations confirmed alterations localized in the anterior and posterior region of the hypothalamus. The analysis proved the fact that temperature regulation seems to be a highly sensitive parameter of diencephalic function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406330
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electroencephalographic investigations in sellar tumours, with special regard to different methods of operative treatment (1978)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 44 (1978), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Schlagwort(e): Pre- and postoperative electroencephalograms and sellar tumours
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Sixty-six patients with tumours in the sellar region were examined. All were operated on either by the transfrontal or the transsphenoidal route. Pre- and postoperative longitudinal electroencephalographic investigations were performed. Preoperative electroencephalograms showed a normal frequency content in cases of intrasellar tumours or those reaching the chiasma. Nearly all cases had irregularities in the temporal regions. Tumours compressing the third ventricle had slower average frequencies and a general slowing in all cases. Besides these alterations unilateral delta waves or bitemporal dysrhythmic groups were sometimes found. A connection between extension of the tumour and its histological nature could not be found, but the operative approach influenced the electroencephalographic disturbances enormously. After a transfrontal approach and removal of the tumour the electroencephalogram was unchanged. Sometimes a mild transient bitemporal slowing was present. But after a transfrontal operative approach a general slowing was common, usually with focal marked slow activity in the right fronto-temporal area.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402062
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Limitations of computerized tomography in diagnosis of subdural hematoma (1978)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 16 (1978), S. 469-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary CT findings in 51 patients with subdural hematomas are studied. Direct signs (hyperdensity, hypodensity) and indirect signs (any form of mass lesion) are distinguished. CT is limited with regard to determining correlations between time and the attenuation values. The factors which influence density of the hematoma are discussed. For a rational approach with subdural hematomas, which present diagnostic problems and reveal the limitations of CT diagnosis, a diagnostic scheme is proposed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395337
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fehlende Darstellung von Hirngefäßen im Carotisangiogramm infolge intrakranieller Drucksteigerung (1970)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 213 (1970), S. 408-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Anoxia ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Intracranial Pressure ; Hirnangiographie ; Cerebrale Anoxie ; Hirngefäßveränderungen ; Hirndruck
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Es wird über 6 Patienten berichtet, bei denen das Carotisangiogramm trotz regelrechter Nadellage keine intracerebrale Gefäßdarstellung ergab, obwohl die A. carotis externa und ihre Äste besonders gut abgebildet sind. Wie nachgewiesen oder wahrscheinlich gemacht wird, handelt es sich um Kranke mit akut erhöhtem Hirndruck. Ursachen dafür waren intrakranielle Blutungen, ein Hirnabsceß und ein Status epilepticus. Nach Dehydration mit entsprechenden Medikamenten war das Kontrollangiogramm auch intracerebral dargestellt bei 3 von 4 Patienten. Die Autoren sehen die Ursache der fehlenden angiographischen Darstellung der intrakraniellen Gefäße vornehmlich in einer Kompression von Hirncapillaren und -venolen durch erhöhten Hirndruck. Sie halten die fehlende intrakranielle Kontrastmitteldarstellung nicht für einen schlüssigen Beweis des Hirntodes.
    Notizen: Summary In 6 patients, the intracranial vessels were not stained by carotis angiography, although the needle was correctly placed in the arteria carotis communis, and the external carotid, including its branches, were well stained. All patients had an acute increased intracranial pressure caused by an intracranial haemorrhage, by a brain abscess (one case) or a status epilepticus (one case). After dehydration with a hypertonic solution the intracranial vessels were observed in 3 out of 4 patients. It is suggested that the failure of positive intracranial angiography was due to a compression of the intracranial venous or capillary system. In connection with the diagnosis of cerebral death, these observations show that failure of positive intracranial staining may not necessarily be sufficient to diagnose cerebral death.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341557
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