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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    World Patent Information 8 (1986), S. 278-288 
    ISSN: 0172-2190
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 85 (1991), S. 188-195 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Ballistic contraction ; Gating ; H reflex ; Muscle afferents ; Reaction time ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The monosynaptic reflex (H reflex) is facilitated before movement onset in human subjects who are performing a conditioned plantar flexion of the ankle in a reaction time task. The aim of this study was to investigate how tightly this gating of Ia spindle input is coupled with the conditioned muscle contraction. Test H reflexes were elicited at various times during the reaction time (RT) in order to test the efficacy of Ia volleys on the soleus motoneurons. Tactile, auditory and visual go stimuli were used. The RT to a tactile stimulus was about the same as the RT to an auditory stimulus although distance and therefore conduction time from the site of stimulation to the cerebral cortex was much larger for the tactile than for the auditory modality. The RT to visual stimulation was about 20 ms longer than to the other two modalities. Although central latencies depended clearly on the stimulus modality the duration of the H reflex facilitation, i.e. the interval between the onset of the facilitation and the onset of the voluntary muscle contraction, was always the same. Similarly, the reflex facilitation was insensitive to the succeeding contrast of a visual go stimulus. The subjects were also examined in visual RT tasks in which different advance information about the laterality and the execution of the contraction was given. By combination the following four RT situations were realized: (1) simple, go, (2) choice, go, (3) simple, go — no go and (4) choice, go — no go. RT was shortest in the simple go and increased by about 65 ms in the choice, go and the simple, go — no go situation. It lengthened, however, less than 130 ms in the choice, go — no go situation indicating an interaction between the factors laterality and execution of the contraction. As with various stimulus modalities and succeeding contrasts, the premovement H reflex facilitation remained constant irrespective of the complexity of the RT task. This property was however not observed if data obtained within one RT task (constant modality, simple, go) were processed. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the duration of the facilitation and RT. The duration of the EMG burst of the conditioned contraction was, however, independent of RT. These results were interpreted as indicating that RT depended on attention which affects most central components of RT and that the interval between the onset of the gating process and the onset of the contraction (duration of the H reflex facilitation) might depend on several supraspinal motor centers whereas the duration of the EMG burst might be computed locally. Several studies including the present one provide a possible explanation for the lag between the onset of the H reflex facilitation and the movement onset. The relatively slow speed at which presynaptic inhibition at Ia afferents can be removed necessitates an early onset such that a fully operative spinal reflex for assistance of muscle contractions and correction of perturbances is assured at movement onset.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Prospective study ; selective vagotomy ; pyloroplasty ; antrectomy (BI or BII) ; choice of surgical treatment ; secretory tests ; Prospektive Studie ; selektive Vagotomie ; Pyloroplastik ; Antrektomie (BI oder BII) ; Operationsauswahl ; Sekretionsteste
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine prospektive, kontrollierte Studie über eine standardisierte Operationsauswahl und Operationstechnik der selektiven Vagotomie wurde an 65 Patienten mit kompliziertem und unkompliziertem chronischem Duodenalulcus durchgeführt. Operationstechnik, Ziel, Vorbereitung und Durchführung der Studie, Operateure und Nachuntersucher, Patientenauswahl und die Methoden der Nachuntersuchung werden im Detail beschrieben. In einem Zeitraum von 6–12 Monaten postoperativ wurden 60 Patienten nachuntersucht, 4 Patienten waren verstorben, 1 Patient nicht auffindbar. Die operative Letalität betrug 0%, intra- und postoperative Komplikationen wurden bei 2 bzw. 15% der Patienten beobachtet, 2 Rezidive wurden festgestellt. Das klinische Allgemeinbefinden war bei 85% der Patienten gut, bei 93% befriedigend. Leichte Diarrhoen wurden bei 8%, schwere in keinem Fall beobachtet. Dumping trat dagegen in 30% der Fälle auf, war aber immer nur geringfügig. Positive Insulinteste nach verschärften Hollander-Kriterien wurden in 27% der Fälle gefunden. Die Basalsekretion wurde um 83–98% reduziert, die mit Pentagastrin maximal stimulierte Sekretion um 51% nach Vagotomie und Pyloroplastik, um 87% nach Vagotomie und distaler Antrektomie (BI) und um 95% nach Vagotomie und Antrektomie (BII). Die vorgelegte prospektive Studie stellt den ersten Teil einer Untersuchung dar, die zur Beurteilung verschiedener Vagotomieformen in der chirurgischen Therapie des chronischen Duodenalulcus herangezogen werden soll. Die Frühergebnisse dieser Studie rechtfertigen aber vorläufig die Empfehlung einer individuellen Anwendung der selektiven Vagotomie in Kombination mit Drainageoperation oder Antrektomie.
    Notes: Summary A prospective, controlled study on a standardized selection procedure of patients for the surgical treatment and on a standardized operation technique of selective vagotomy was carried out with 65 patients suffering from chronical uncomplicated or complicated duodenal ulcer. The operation technique, the aim, preparation and performance of the study, the designation of operators and investigators for the follow-up, the selection of patients for surgical treatment as well as the methods for measuring pre- and postoperatively various clinical and clinical chemical parameters are described in detail. The first follow-up was performed 6 to 12 months following surgical treatment in 60 patients. 4 patients died in the meantime, 1 patient could not be controlled because of an unknown new address. The operative mortality was 0%, intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed in 2 and 15% of the patients, whereas recurrent ulcers were found in 2 cases. The overall assessment of the clinical condition according to a modified classification of Visick was good in 85% and satisfactory in 93% of the patients. Mild diarrhoea was observed in 8%, severe diarrhoea in none and mild dumping in 30% of the patients. Positive insulin tests according to the criteria of Hollander were observed in 27% of the cases, but only in 7% were there early positive tests according to Ross and Kay. Depending on the drainage procedure, the basal secretion was reduced by 83–98%, the pentagastrin stimulated maximum secretion by 51–95%. This prospective controlled study was a preliminary investigation completed by another trial, in which two operative techniques for the treatment of chronical duodenal ulcer will be compared. The early results of our study, however, are in favour of the concept of an individually adapted treatment with selective vagotomy in duodenal ulcer.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 366 (1985), S. 704-705 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Liver abscesses ; Diagnosis ; Therapy ; Leberabscesse ; Diagnostik ; Therapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Fehlende anamnestische Hinweise, uncharakteristische klinische Befunde und unspezifische Laborparameter waren der Grund einer verspäteten Diagnosestellung des Leberabscesses. Die Röntgendiagnostik ließ eine Früherkennung nicht zu. Die Auffmdung auch kleiner Abscesse mit der Sonographie hat zur frühen Diagnose in steigender Häufigkeit geführt (1969–1976: 10 Abscesse, 1977–1985: 37 Abscesse). Die ultraschall-gesteuerte Punktion (Katheterplazierung) bedeutet Diagnosesicherung und gegebenenfalls Therapie (17 von 37 Patienten). Strenge Operationsindikation und gezielte Antibioticatherapie haben bei früher Diagnose zur Senkung der Letalität gefuhrt (bis 1977: 30%, nach 1977: 2,7%). Die Zunahme der Leberabscesse ist ungeklärt (werden sie nur häufiger entdeckt, oder treten sie vermehrt auf?). Ätiologisch finden wir eine Zunahme der biliären (51%) und traumatischen (8%) Abscesse.
    Notes: Summary During the 16-year period from 1 January 1969 to 31 March 1985, 47 patients with liver abscesses have been observed [29♂ with a mean age of 56 (6–82) years, 18 ♀ with a mean age of 63 (3–83) years]. Until 1976, late diagnosis was the reason for the high lethality. Missing hints in the anamnesis, noncharacteristic clinical pictures, and unspecific laboratory findings have reasons for late diagnosis and could not even be improved by X-ray examinations. Sonography permits an early diagnosis and because of that, we have observed an increasing frequency and change in the etiology of the abscesses (1969—1976: 10 patients; since 1977: 37). Puncture under controlled sonography (or placement of catheter) confirms the diagnosis and, if necessary, the therapy (17 out of 37 patients). Determined antibiotic therapy and strict indications for surgery have led to a decrease in lethality by means of early diagnosis (〈 1977: 30%, 〉 1977: 3%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 520-521 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach einleitender Darstellung der möglichen Ursachen für das neurohämodynamische Lungenodem wird das eigene Krankengut besprochen. Unter 450 Verletzten mit einem Schadel-Hirntrauma fand sich nur bei 7 Patienten ein schweres akut einsetzendes Lungenodem. Während bei 2 dieser Patienten als einzige Unfallfolge ein Schadel-Hirntrauma bestand, lagen bei den übrigen 5 Patienten zusätzliche Begleitverletzungen vor. 1 Patientin hatte Verletzungen des knöchernen Thorax, 1 weitere Patientin eine Lungenkontusion, bei 5 Patienten lagen Extremitätenfrakturen bzw. eine Milzruptur vor. Das Alter der Patienten lag zwischen 4 und 35 Jahren. In 5 Fallen wurde das Lungenodem innerhalb von 45 min nach dem Trauma beobachtet, bei 2 Patienten trat es 40 bzw. 52 Std nach dem Unfall auf. In diesen beiden Fallen war eine Operation vorausgegangen. Bei sämtlichen Patienten wurde sofort nach dem Auftreten des Lungenödems eine Intubation mit Überdruckbeatmung und kontinuierlicher Absaugung des Ödems eingeleitet. Auger einer Digitalisierung wurden Diuretica verabreicht. Nur 2 Patienten konnten durch these MaBnahmen erfolgreich behandelt werden; bei 2 der 5 Verstorbenen war zum Zeitpunkt des exitus letalis noch ein Lungenodem nachweisbar. Nach den genannten Erstmaßnahmen ist eine gezielte Infusions- und Substitutionstherapie erforderlich, um eine zusatzliche Schädigung durch schockbedingte Hypoxämie sowie Substratdefizite und pH-Verschiebungen zu vermeiden. Hochprozentige Plasmalösungen sind wäßrigen Lösungen vorzuziehen. Operationen, welche nicht aus vitaler Indikation erforderlich sind, müssen aufgeschoben werden, bis die akuten Folgen des Schadel-Hirntraumas abgeklungen sind. In allen Fallen von Schadel-Hirntraumen ist eine Aldactonetherapie einzuleiten.
    Notes: Summary In the last 3 years it was found that only 7 patients out of 450 patients with head injuries developed pulmonary edema. The age range of these patients was from 4 to 35 years old. Only 2 of these patients suffered from head injury alone. Of the other 5 patients all showed fractures of the extremities, and in 2 of these patients compounded contusio of the lung or rib fractures were found. In the latter a ruptured spleen was also present. In 2 of the 7 patients evidence of shock was exhibited. Pulmonary edema was developed in 5 patients within the first 50 min after the accident. The other 2 patients developed pulmonary edema 40 and 52 h later. The treatment was as follows: incubation, tracheal-bronchial suctioning, assisted breathing with a increased pressure and an enriched oxygen percentage. In all the patients prophylactic administration of digitalis was used and diuretics were given. And to treat or prevent shock occurrence a 20% protein solution was infused. A slight negative balance of liquid must be retained in the patients at all tims. When acidosis occured it was corrected. Electrolyte imbalance must be prevented by an early substitution. Aldactone-therapy was used for the preventation of brain edema causing intracranial pressure. Surgical operations are only to perform in life and death instances. Only 2 patients survived. Of the other 5, 3 were treated for pulmonary edema successfully and the other 2 died to early for pulmonary edema treatment.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 72 (1960), S. 493-493 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: cis-Tetrafluorodichloroplatinate(IV) ; trans-Tetrafluorodichloroplatinate(IV) ; Pentafluorochloroplatinate(IV) ; Crystal Structure ; trans Influence ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structures of the Fluorochloroplatinates(IV) cis-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2], trans-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2] · H2O, and [(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF5Cl]The complex ions cis-[PtF4Cl2]2-, trans-[PtF4Cl2]2- and [PtF5Cl]2- have been synthesized by stereoselective ligand exchange reactions utilizing the trans effect and are separated by ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. These anions form stable AB-type salts with the doubly charged cation dipyridiniomethane, [(C5H5N)2CH2]2+. X-ray structure determinations on single crystals of cis-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2] (1) (monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 10.379(10), b = 9.635(2), c = 13.738(2) Å, β = 99.142(10)°, Z = 4), trans-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2] · H2O (2) (triclinic, space group P1 with a = 7.757(4), b = 10.059(7), c = 10.408(6) Å, α = 82.49(5), β = 68.92(4), γ = 75.46(4)°, Z = 2) and [(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF5Cl] (3) (orthorhombic, space group Pnma with a = 10.394(3), b = 13.320(2), c = 9.2694(10) Å, Z = 4), reveal the perfect ordering of the anion sublattice. The stronger trans influence of Cl compared with F is observed in asymmetric axes \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}—Pt—Cl′. The bond lengths Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document} are 0.026 Å (1.4%) longer and the Pt—Cl′ distances are 0.078 Å (3,3%) shorter in comparison with those of symmetrically coordinated axes. The weakening of the Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document} bond and the strengthening of the Pt—Cl′ bond is better recognizable from shifts of the stretching vibrations by 8% to lower and by 13% to higher frequencies, respectively. Correspondingly, the valence force constants are found to be 15% lower and 22% higher. The trans influence is observed most distinctly in the 19F-nmr spectra exhibiting the coupling constant 1J(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}Pt) to be 29% smaller than 1J(FPt).
    Notes: Die Komplexanionen cis-[PtF4Cl2]2-, trans-[PtF4Cl2]2- und [PtF5Cl]2- werden durch stereoselektive Ligandenaustauschreaktionen unter Ausnutzung des trans-Effektes dargestellt und mittels Ionenaustauschchromatographie an Diethylaminoethyl-Cellulose isoliert. Diese Anionen bilden mit dem Dikation Dipyridiniomethan, [(C5H5N)2CH2]2+, stabile Salze vom AB-Typ. Die Röntgenstrukturanalysen an Einkristallen von cis-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2] (1) (monoklin, Raumgruppe P21/n mit a = 10,379(10), b = 9,635(2), c = 13,738(2) Å, β = 99,142(10)°, Z = 4), trans-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF4Cl2] · H2O (2) (triklin, Raumgruppe P1 mit a = 7,757(4), b = 10,059(7), c = 10,408(6) Å, α = 82,49(5), β = 68,92(4), γ = 75,46(4)°, Z = 2) und [(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF5Cl] (3) (orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe Pnma mit a = 10,394(3), b = 13,320(2), c = 9,2694(10) Å, Z = 4), zeigen, daß vollständig geordnete Anionenuntergitter vorliegen. Der größere trans-Einfluß von Cl gegenüber F zeigt sich an unsymmetrischen \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}—Pt—Cl′-Oktaederachsen. Im Vergleich mit symmetrisch koordinierten Achsen sind die Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}-Abstände um 0,026 Å (1,4%) verlängert und die Pt—Cl′-Abstände um 0,078 Å (3,3%) verkürzt. Stärker macht sich die Lockerung der Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}- bzw. Festigung der Pt—Cl′-Bindung in einer Verschiebung der Valenzschwingungsfrequenzen um 8% zu niedrigerer und um 13% zu höherer Energie bemerkbar. Die Valenzkraftkonstanten nehmen entsprechend um 15% ab und um 22% zu. Am deutlichsten ist der trans-Einfluß in den 19FNMR-Spektren an der um 29% kleineren Kopplungskonstante 1J(\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^ \bullet $\end{document}Pt) im Vergleich mit 1J(FPt) zu erkennen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: trans-Difluorotetrakis(pyridine)platin(IV)-bis(tetraphenylborat) ; Crystal Structure ; 19F, 195Pt NMR ; IR Spectra ; Raman ; Normal Coordinate Analysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation, Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Normal Coordinate Analysis of trans-[PtF2(Py)4] (BPh4)2 · 2H2OBy reaction of [Pt(Py)4](BPh4)2 with XeF2 in propylencarbonate trans-[PtF2(Py)4] (BPh4)2 · 2H2O is formed and purified by recrystallization. X-ray structure determination on a single crystal has been performed (tetragonal, space group P 4/ncc, a = 18.403(3), c = 17.183(3) Å). The pyridine rings are twisted propeller-like against the Pt-N4 plane with an angle of 62.3(3)°. The bond lengths are Pt-N = 2.008(9), Pt-F1 = 1.938(10) and Pt-F2 = 1.943(10) Å. Using the molecular parameters of the X-ray structure determination and assuming D4 point symmetry, the IR and Raman spectra are assigned by normal coordinate analysis. Good agreement between observed and calculated frequencies is obtained with the valence force constants fd(PtF) = 3.51 and fd(PtN) = 2.75 mdyn/Å. The 19F NMR spectrum of trans-[PtF2(Py)4](BPh4)2 in N,N-dimethylformamide solution exhibits a pseudotriplet at -267 ppm resulting in the coupling constant 1J(19F195Pt) of 1724 Hz. The 195Pt NMR spectrum shows a triplet at 6265 ppm.
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von [Pt(Py)4](BPh4)2 mit XeF2 in Propylencarbonat gelingt die Darstellung von trans-[PtF2(Py)4](BPh4)2-2H2O, das durch fraktionierte Kristallisation gereinigt wird. An einem Einkristall ist eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse (tetragonal, Raumgruppe P 4/ncc, a = 18,403(3), c = 17,183(3) Å) durchgeführt worden. Die Pyridinringe sind propellerartig um 62,3(3)° gegen die Pt-N4-Ebene geneigt. Die Bindungsabstände betragen Pt-N = 2,008(9), Pt-F1 = 1,938(10) und Pt-F2 = 1,943(10) Å. Unter Verwendung der röntgenographisch ermittelten Molekülparameter und Annahme von D4-Punktsymmetrie werden die IR- und Raman-Spektren durch Normalkoordinatenanalyse zugeordnet. Mit den Kraftkonstanten fd(PtF) = 3,51 und fd(PtN) = 2,75 mdyn/Å wird eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen beobachteten Banden und berechneten Frequenzen erreicht. Das 19F-NMR-Spektrum von trans-[PtF2(Py)4](BPh4)2 in N,N-Dimethylformamid zeigt durch Kopplung mit 195Pt ein Pseudotriplett bei -267 ppm mit der Kopplungskonstanten 1J(19F195Pt) = 1724 Hz. Im 195Pt-NMR-Spektrum beobachtet man ein Triplett bei 6265 ppm.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: fac-Trifluorotrichloroplatinate(IV) ; mer-Trifluorotrichloroplatinate(IV) ; Crystal Structure ; IR Spectra ; Raman ; Normal Coordinate Analysis ; trans Influence ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structures, Vibrational Spectra, and Normal Coordinate Analyses of the Stereoisomeric Trifluorotrichloroplatinates(IV), fac-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3] · 0.5(CH3)2CO and mer-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3]The geometric isomers fac- und mer-[PtF3Cl3]2- have been isolated by ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. The doubly charged complex anions form stable AB-type salts with the dication dipyridiniomethane, [(C5H5N)2CH2]2+. The X-ray structure determination on single crystals of fac-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3] · 0,5(CH3)2CO (1) (triclinic, space group P1 with a = 8.468(3), b = 8.847(2), c = 12.1260(10) Å, α = 79.986(12), β = 79.009(12), γ = 69.20(3)°, Z = 2) and mer-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3] (2) (monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 9.620(2), b = 14.031(4), c = 10.435(3) Å, β = 97.54(2)°, Z = 4) reveals the perfect ordering of the anion sublattice. Due to the stronger trans influence of Cl compared to F in asymmetric axes \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document}—Pt—Cl′ the Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document} distance is lengthened by 1.8%, the Pt—Cl′ distance is shortened by 1.2% in comparison with symmetrically coordinated axes. Correspondingly, the vibrational spectra exhibit shifts of the Pt\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document} streching vibrations by 8% to lower, and of the PtCl′ streching vibrations by 12% to higher frequencies. Normal coordinate analyses performed on the basis of the X-ray data result in valence force constants for weakened Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document} bonds to be 14% lower, for the strengthened Pt—Cl′ bonds to be 20% higher than in symmetric axes, respectively. Generally the trans influence in fluorochloroplatinates(IV) on the bond lengths is very low with 1-2%, it results in considerable shifts of the stretching vibrations by 8-12% and reveals the strongest effect on the valence force constants with 14-20%.
    Notes: Die geometrischen Isomeren fac- und mer-[PtF3Cl3]2- werden durch Ionenaustauschchromatographie an Diethylaminoethyl-Cellulose isoliert. Die zweifach geladenen Komplexanionen bilden mit dem Dikation Dipyridiniomethan, [(C5H5N)2CH2]2+, stabile Salze vom AB-Typ. Die Röntgenstrukturbestimmung an Einkristallen von fac-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3] · 0,5(CH3)2CO (1) (triklin, Raumgruppe P1 mit a = 8,468(3), b = 8,847(2), c = 12,1260(10) Å, α = 79,986(12), β = 79,009(12), γ = 69,20(3)°, Z = 2) und mer-[(C5H5N)2CH2][PtF3Cl3] (2) (monoklin, Raumgruppe P21/n mit a = 9,620(2), b = 14,031(4), c = 10,435(3) Å, β = 97,54(2)deg;, Z = 4) zeigt, daß die Komplexionen völlig geordnet vorliegen. Als Folge des größeren trans-Einflusses von Cl gegenüber F ist in unsymmetrischen \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document}—Pt—Cl′-Achsen der Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document}-Abstand um 1,8% verlängert, der Pt—Cl′-Abstand um 1,2% verkürzt, jeweils im Vergleich zu symmetrisch koordinierten Oktaederachsen. In entsprechender Weise beobachtet man in den Schwingungsspektren Verschiebungen der Pt\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document}-Valenzschwingungen um 8% zu kleineren, der PtCl′-Valenzschwingungen um 12% zu höheren Frequenzen. Die mit den röntgenographisch bestimmten Molekülparametern durchgeführten Normalkoordinatenanalysen ergeben für die gelockerten Pt—\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm F}^. $\end{document}-Bindungen um 14% kleinere, für die gefestigte Pt—Cl′-Bindung 20% größere Valenzkraftkonstanten als für entsprechende symmetrische Achsen. Generell ist der trans-Einfluß bei den Fluorochloroplatinaten(IV) auf die Bindungslängen mit 1-2% sehr gering, er führt zu den beträchtlichen Verschiebungen der Valenzschwingungen um 8-12% und wirkt sich mit 14-20% am stärksten auf die Valenzkraftkonstanten aus.
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