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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis and Immunotherapy of Mould Allergy (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 40 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to screen for mould allergy, extracts of five common atmospheric moulds (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus and Mucor) from various manufacturers were investigated in 130 patients (5–60 years old) with clinical symptoms indicating possible mould allergy. The patients were screened by skin prick test (SPT) and radioallergosorbent test (RAST). SPT seemed to be more sensitive than RAST as a diagnostic screening procedure (80% positive reactions to one or more species compared to 50%). With a partially purified, standardized preparation of Cladosporium herbarum more positive reactions were obtained than with crude extracts without evidence of any unspecific reactions. The difference between commercial and standardized extracts is most probably a result of a variation of both the biological potency of allergenic determinants and the allergenic composition. A considerable number of negative RAST reactions with standard discs were found in patients with positive skin reactions to partially purified Cladosporium, but RAST seemed to be more sensitive than SPT with the other commercial mould extracts. Based on the screening, a very convincing tendency to IgE-reactivity to other moulds was found in patients reacting to Cladosporium, the most common cause of mould allergy. The results confirm the inadequacy of most mould extracts used in diagnostic procedures and strengthen the value of using standardized extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1985.tb02669.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study on severe food reactions in Sweden – is soy protein an underestimated cause of food anaphylaxis? (1999)
    Copenhagen : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and methods: Because of a fatal case of soy anaphylaxis occurring in Sweden in 1992, a study was started the following year in which all physicians were asked to report fatal and life-threatening reactions caused by food. The results of the first 3 years of the study are reported here, including results from another ongoing study on deaths from asthma during the same period. Results: In 1993–6, 61 cases of severe reactions to food were reported, five of them fatal. Peanut, soy, and tree nuts seemed to have caused 45 of the 61 reactions, and four of them were fatal. If two cases occurring less than a year before our study started are included, we are aware of two deaths caused by peanuts and four deaths caused by soy. All four youngsters who died from soy anaphylaxis with asthma were severely allergic to peanuts but had no previously known allergy to soy. In most cases, there was a rather symptom-free period for 30–90 min between early mild symptoms and severe and rapidly deteriorating asthma. Conclusions: Soy has probably been underestimated as a cause of food anaphylaxis. Those at risk seem to be young people with asthma and peanut allergy so severe that they notice symptoms after indirect contact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00924.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Double-Blind, Multicenter Immunotherapy Trial in Children, Using a Purified and Standardized Cladosporium herbarum Preparation II. In Vitro Results (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This double-blind immunotherapy trial in children, using a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum allergen preparation, has shown that children with mould asthma and/or rhinoconjunctivitis, responded to immunotherapy with a decrease in specific IgE and a significant increase in specific IgG. There was a marked increase in tile ratio specific IgG/specific IgE, as a result of active treatment. IgE-CRIE radiostaining patterns showed no pronounced changes after 10 months' active treatment and no “new sensitivities” could be detected in the studied patients, IgG-CRIE radiostaining, primarily directed towards the important allergens, was significantly increased in the active group and particularly towards Ag-12 (partially identical to a previously described major allergen in Cladosporium herbarum. Ag-54). Children treated with histamine placebo showed no change antibody patterns during 10 months of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00290.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Double-Blind, Multicenter Immunotherapy Trial in Children, Using a Purified and Standardized Cladosporium herbarum Preparation I. Clinical Results (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A double-blind histamine placebo controlled immunotherapy trial was performed to investigate the clinical effect of a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum allergen preparation. Thirty children with a clinical history suggesting mould-induced asthma and/or rhinoconjuctivitis were included. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive skin prick test and Phadebas RAST® as well as positive bronchial and/or conjunctival provocation test to Cladosporium herbarum. Immunotherapy was given for 10 months in a double-blind manner to randomized groups with either Pharmalgen®/Cladosporium herbarum preparation or histamine placebo. Allergic side effects to injections were common, especially during the peak of the mould season (July-September in Scandinavia). In the active group, 13/16 patients experienced general reactions during the first 10 months of treatment. After 6 months of treatment, eye, nose and bronchial symptom scores and peak expiratory flow rates were similar for the groups, maybe because most of the children were also sensitive to many other allergens, including Alternaria alternala. However, medication scores were significantly lower in the treated group (P 〈 0.01). Bronchial (P 〈 0.01) and conjunctival sensitivity (P= 0.01) were significantly reduced in the Cladosporium-treated group but not in the placebo group after 10 mouths of treatment. This is the first double-blind clinical trial showing the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in children with mould-induced asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00289.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asthma and allergies at school − a Swedish national position paper (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.13650.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intestinal uptake of ovalbumin in malabsorption and food allergy in relation to serum IgG antibody and orally administered sodium cromoglycate (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty-two children with malabsorption disorders, one third of whom were considered to have an atopic constitution were given ovalbumin (OA) orally and the serum concentrations were determined by RIA technique after 2 and 8 hr. Most patients showed peak concentrations 2 hours after OA administration but the concentrations varied widely. The determinations were shown to be influenced by antibodies directed against OA. The serum levels of IgG-antibodies to OA, as estimated by a sepharose protein-A technique, were shown to decrease significantly after administration of OA, possibly indicating the formation of immune complexes. High antibody levels were found in children with coeliac disease and in addition in children who had an atopic constitution. A moderate serum concentration of OA in such cases might be an effect of blocking antibodies and does not exclude the possibility of an increased absorption. The uptake of OA was also studied in six patients with food allergy before and after sodium cromoglycate treatment. A beneficial effect on symptoms at the challenge and also a decreased serum concentration of OA after sodium cromoglycate treatment were found (0.05 〈 P 〈 0.1). The results support the view that SCG affects the absorption of food antigens. The OA-absorption test, including estimations of both OA and antibodies to OA is considered a useful model for studies of immunological mechanisms involved in food allergy and gastrointestinal disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb01552.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of orally administered sodium cromoglycate on symptoms of food allergy (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 7 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A comparison was made between the effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) and placebo on symptoms of food allergy in twenty children. Both the clinician's and patient's preferences and the clinician's evaluation of the specific response to challenge showed a significant benefit from SCG. A striking effect on skin symptoms was seen in some children and the recorded mean score for skin symptoms was lower after 2 weeks’ treatment with sodium cromoglycate. However, the differences detected from the mean symptom scores were not statistically significant. Neither were there any significant changes in the IgE, IgG, IgA and IgM food allergen antibody levels related to the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1977.tb01431.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in pollen-allergic children given immunotherapy for 2-6 years (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 8 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ninety-five children with pollen hay fever were treated for 46 months (16-74 months) with extracts of birch pollen (seventy-two children) and/or grass pollen (fifty-nine children).During the first 2 months of this immunotherapy the serum concentration of allergen-specific IgE antibodies doubled or tripled, but the concentration of IgG‘blocking’antibodies increased even more.With time the IgE antibody activity decreased in 80% of the children, but only in slightly more than 50% did it fall to below the initial level, and the mean concentration at the end of the study was 2-3 times the initial value. The IgG antibody activity remained high in about 50% of the children and showed a tendency to decrease in the other children, in spite of monthly allergen injections.Eighty-three out of the ninety-five children reported a moderate to marked improvement. At the end of the study the eighteen almost symptom-free children had a higher IgG/IgE antibody ratio than the twelve children who had not improved, but this difference was not significant.After treatment, thirteen children tolerated ten to 10,000 times more allergen than before by naso-conjunctival challenge tests. Ten of the children reacted to the same allergen dilution as before and two reacted to a ten times weaker extract. Clinical improvement was accompanied by increased tolerance in most patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb03221.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the stability of diluted allergen extracts using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 3 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Allergen extracts from birch pollen, timothy pollen and horse dandruff were investigated. The influence of storage time, volume of extract in the vial and various additives on the potency of diluted extracts was tested with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). The potency of diluted pollen extracts was found to decrease more rapidly than the potency of diluted dandruff extracts. The differences in allergen activity seen in RAST between freshly diluted extracts and stored extract dilutions were roughly reproducible in skin tests and histamine release tests from passively sensitized chopped human lung. The higher allergen stability of the dandruff extracts could, at least in part, be explained by the higher protein content of these extracts. An adsorption of allergen to the glass wall was shown to be the most probable cause to the more rapid decrease of allergen activity seen in pollen extracts stored in vials only partly filled. With addition of 0.2% Tween 20 after storage the potency of the extracts became almost equivalent to that of corresponding dilutions stored in filled vials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1973.tb01313.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of maternal diet during late pregnancy and lactation on the development of atopic diseases in infants up to 18 months of age—in-vivo results (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One hundred and sixty-two women with respiratory allergy to animal danders and/or pollens were randomly allocated to a diet consisting of either a very low ingestion of hens' egg and cows' milk or a daily ingestion of one hens' egg and about 11 of cows' milk during the last 3 months of pregnancy. One hundred and sixty-three infants were followed prospectively up to 18 months of age when the cumulated incidence of atopic disease in each child was evaluated blindly. No significant differences in the distribution of atopic disease were found among the infants in relation to the maternal diet during late pregnancy. The numbers of skin-prick tests positive to ovalbumin, ovomucoid, β-lactoglobulin and cows' milk were likewise not influenced by differences in the maternal diet during late pregnancy. Genetic factors rather than maternal diet during the perinatal period probably have a greater effect on the incidence of atopic diseases during early infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02416.x
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