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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum-levels of lactoferrin, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase in normal, infection-prone and leukemic children
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 136 (1984), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Keywords: Blood cell ; Granule protein ; Radioimmunoassay ; Turnover
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(84)90283-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of orally administered sodium cromoglycate on symptoms of food allergy (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 7 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A comparison was made between the effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) and placebo on symptoms of food allergy in twenty children. Both the clinician's and patient's preferences and the clinician's evaluation of the specific response to challenge showed a significant benefit from SCG. A striking effect on skin symptoms was seen in some children and the recorded mean score for skin symptoms was lower after 2 weeks’ treatment with sodium cromoglycate. However, the differences detected from the mean symptom scores were not statistically significant. Neither were there any significant changes in the IgE, IgG, IgA and IgM food allergen antibody levels related to the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1977.tb01431.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of maternal diet during late pregnancy and lactation on the development of IgE and egg- and milk-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in infants (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The IgE levels and food-allergen-specific IgE- and IgG-antibodies (Ab) to oval bumin (OA), ovomucoid (OVO) and β-Mactoglobulin (BLG) were determined up to 18 months of age in 163 infants born to women who were atopic. A high (HIGH group) or a low (REDUCED group) intake of hen's egg and cow's milk by the mother during the third trimester gave no significant differences in the concentrations of IgE or in IgE-Ab (OVO, BLG) and IgG-Ab (OA, OVO, BLG). Similarly, a prolongation of the abstention diet to the early lactation period did not influence the immune response. The IgG-Ab levels to all three food allergens decreased significantly (P 〈 0.001) in both study groups between birth and 2 months of age, but then increased significantly (P 〈 0.001) between 6 and 18 months of age. The presence in serum of IgE-Ab to OVO (≥ 0.15 PRU/ml) was associated with significantly higher IgG-Ab levels to OVO at 6 months (P 〈 0.001) and at 18 months (P 〈 0.05). Infants with positive skin-prick tests (SPT) to OA and OVO showed higher IgG-Ab levels at 6 and 18 months of age than did infants with negative SPT reactions to the two egg allergens. This indicates a relation between the IgE- and IgG-Ab response and it also suggests that some individuals are ‘high responders’ to both types of immunoglobulin isotypes while others are ‘low responders’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00830.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intestinal uptake of ovalbumin in malabsorption and food allergy in relation to serum IgG antibody and orally administered sodium cromoglycate (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty-two children with malabsorption disorders, one third of whom were considered to have an atopic constitution were given ovalbumin (OA) orally and the serum concentrations were determined by RIA technique after 2 and 8 hr. Most patients showed peak concentrations 2 hours after OA administration but the concentrations varied widely. The determinations were shown to be influenced by antibodies directed against OA. The serum levels of IgG-antibodies to OA, as estimated by a sepharose protein-A technique, were shown to decrease significantly after administration of OA, possibly indicating the formation of immune complexes. High antibody levels were found in children with coeliac disease and in addition in children who had an atopic constitution. A moderate serum concentration of OA in such cases might be an effect of blocking antibodies and does not exclude the possibility of an increased absorption. The uptake of OA was also studied in six patients with food allergy before and after sodium cromoglycate treatment. A beneficial effect on symptoms at the challenge and also a decreased serum concentration of OA after sodium cromoglycate treatment were found (0.05 〈 P 〈 0.1). The results support the view that SCG affects the absorption of food antigens. The OA-absorption test, including estimations of both OA and antibodies to OA is considered a useful model for studies of immunological mechanisms involved in food allergy and gastrointestinal disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb01552.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the stability of diluted allergen extracts using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 3 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Allergen extracts from birch pollen, timothy pollen and horse dandruff were investigated. The influence of storage time, volume of extract in the vial and various additives on the potency of diluted extracts was tested with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). The potency of diluted pollen extracts was found to decrease more rapidly than the potency of diluted dandruff extracts. The differences in allergen activity seen in RAST between freshly diluted extracts and stored extract dilutions were roughly reproducible in skin tests and histamine release tests from passively sensitized chopped human lung. The higher allergen stability of the dandruff extracts could, at least in part, be explained by the higher protein content of these extracts. An adsorption of allergen to the glass wall was shown to be the most probable cause to the more rapid decrease of allergen activity seen in pollen extracts stored in vials only partly filled. With addition of 0.2% Tween 20 after storage the potency of the extracts became almost equivalent to that of corresponding dilutions stored in filled vials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1973.tb01313.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in pollen-allergic children given immunotherapy for 2-6 years (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 8 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ninety-five children with pollen hay fever were treated for 46 months (16-74 months) with extracts of birch pollen (seventy-two children) and/or grass pollen (fifty-nine children).During the first 2 months of this immunotherapy the serum concentration of allergen-specific IgE antibodies doubled or tripled, but the concentration of IgG‘blocking’antibodies increased even more.With time the IgE antibody activity decreased in 80% of the children, but only in slightly more than 50% did it fall to below the initial level, and the mean concentration at the end of the study was 2-3 times the initial value. The IgG antibody activity remained high in about 50% of the children and showed a tendency to decrease in the other children, in spite of monthly allergen injections.Eighty-three out of the ninety-five children reported a moderate to marked improvement. At the end of the study the eighteen almost symptom-free children had a higher IgG/IgE antibody ratio than the twelve children who had not improved, but this difference was not significant.After treatment, thirteen children tolerated ten to 10,000 times more allergen than before by naso-conjunctival challenge tests. Ten of the children reacted to the same allergen dilution as before and two reacted to a ten times weaker extract. Clinical improvement was accompanied by increased tolerance in most patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb03221.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological studies in vitro and in vivo of children with pollenosis given immunotherapy with an aqueous and a glutaraldehyde-treated tyrosine-adsorbed grass pollen extract (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 6 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ten patients treated with an aqueous Timothy grass pollen extract and given monthly maintenance doses were compared to ten patients given a glutaraldehyde-treated tyrosine-adsorbed grass pollen extract as five weekly injections pre-seasonally. There were four non-treated controls. Both treated groups showed equivalent increases of total IgE, Timothy-specific IgE and IgG, but the concentrations of Timothy-specific IgG antibodies were sustained only in the patients receiving maintenance therapy. An increase of IgE and RAST titres during the pollen season were obtained in all three groups. No consistent changes were seen in the results of leucocyte histamine release tests and naso–conjunctival provocation tests from spring to autumn.A Sepharose-protein A technique was used for the estimation of Timothy-specific IgG antibodies. The results obtained with this technique correlated excellently with those of the Farr technique and a double-antibody technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1976.tb01927.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of maternal diet during late pregnancy and lactation on the development of atopic diseases in infants up to 18 months of age—in-vivo results (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: One hundred and sixty-two women with respiratory allergy to animal danders and/or pollens were randomly allocated to a diet consisting of either a very low ingestion of hens' egg and cows' milk or a daily ingestion of one hens' egg and about 11 of cows' milk during the last 3 months of pregnancy. One hundred and sixty-three infants were followed prospectively up to 18 months of age when the cumulated incidence of atopic disease in each child was evaluated blindly. No significant differences in the distribution of atopic disease were found among the infants in relation to the maternal diet during late pregnancy. The numbers of skin-prick tests positive to ovalbumin, ovomucoid, β-lactoglobulin and cows' milk were likewise not influenced by differences in the maternal diet during late pregnancy. Genetic factors rather than maternal diet during the perinatal period probably have a greater effect on the incidence of atopic diseases during early infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02416.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Double-Blind, Multicenter Immunotherapy Trial in Children, Using a Purified and Standardized Cladosporium herbarum Preparation I. Clinical Results (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 41 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A double-blind histamine placebo controlled immunotherapy trial was performed to investigate the clinical effect of a purified and standardized Cladosporium herbarum allergen preparation. Thirty children with a clinical history suggesting mould-induced asthma and/or rhinoconjuctivitis were included. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive skin prick test and Phadebas RAST® as well as positive bronchial and/or conjunctival provocation test to Cladosporium herbarum. Immunotherapy was given for 10 months in a double-blind manner to randomized groups with either Pharmalgen®/Cladosporium herbarum preparation or histamine placebo. Allergic side effects to injections were common, especially during the peak of the mould season (July-September in Scandinavia). In the active group, 13/16 patients experienced general reactions during the first 10 months of treatment. After 6 months of treatment, eye, nose and bronchial symptom scores and peak expiratory flow rates were similar for the groups, maybe because most of the children were also sensitive to many other allergens, including Alternaria alternala. However, medication scores were significantly lower in the treated group (P 〈 0.01). Bronchial (P 〈 0.01) and conjunctival sensitivity (P= 0.01) were significantly reduced in the Cladosporium-treated group but not in the placebo group after 10 mouths of treatment. This is the first double-blind clinical trial showing the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in children with mould-induced asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1986.tb00289.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exhaled nitric oxide in a population-based study of asthma and allergy in schoolchildren (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) reflects inflammation in the lower airways and is well adapted for use in children. The aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of the fraction of expired NO (FENO) in school children and to compare FENO and spirometry in relation to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The study was performed in 959 randomly selected 13–14-year-old school children in Uppsala, Sweden. Exhaled NO was measured at an inhalation rate of 0.1 l/s (FENO0.1) and a spirometric test was performed and data from these measurements were related to questionnaire data. Exhaled NO was measured according to American Thoracic Society recommendations, except the use of a mouth wash and an exhalation flow rate of 0.1 l/s. The distribution of the mean FENO0.1 values was skewed, with a preponderance of very low levels and a widespread tail of values ranging up to 102 parts per billion (ppb). Boys exhibited significantly higher mean FENO0.1 values than girls, 5.2 (4.7–5.7) vs 4.4 (4.0–4.8) ppb (geometric mean and 95% CI), P 〈 0.01). Children who reported wheezing in the last year had higher FENO0.1 values than children that had not, 8.5 (7.1–10.2) vs 4.3 (4.0–4.6) ppb, P 〈 0.001). The same association was found to most symptoms indicating hay fever and eczema. In contrast to this, only weak or inconsistent associations were found between asthma and spirometric indices. Exhaled NO levels were found to be independently related to male gender, wheeze and rhinoconjuctivitis but not to current eczema. In conclusion, exhaled NO was closely associated with reported asthma and allergy symptoms whereas spirometric indices such as percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s were not. As most asthma cases in a population are mild, the findings suggest that exhaled NO is a sensitive marker of asthma and allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00735.x
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