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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges and exchange aberrations by UV light and quinacrine mustard in relation to chiasma formation in a standard line and two oligochiasmatic mutants of Vicia faba L.
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research Letters 192 (1987), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-7992
    Keywords: (Vicia faba L.) ; Chiasma formation ; Quinacrine mustard ; Sister-chromatid exchange
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(87)90107-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombination in an isochromosome preferentially occurs between cis isochromatids (2000)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 109 (2000), S. 390-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. An isochromosome has identical arms attached to the same centromere. At the pachytene stage of meiosis, it has four isochromatids and recombination can occur either between cis isochromatids (attached to the same half-centromere) or trans isochromatids (attached to different half-centromeres). Normally such recombination cannot be detected because all four chromatids are homogenetic (arose from misdivision of a centromere to which genetically identical sister chromatids were attached). We isolated an isochromosome of wheat that is heterogenetic for the distal 64% of the long arm. The heterogenetic isochromosome was recovered from the progeny of a cross between Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring containing an isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 5B (i5BL) and a disomic substitution line of Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides chromosome 5B in Chinese Spring wheat. New recombinants were produced when the two arms of i5BLrec paired at metaphase I of meiosis. Only trans isochromatid exchanges led to some homozygous loci in i5BLrec, whereas exchanges between cis isochromatids resulted in heterozygosity at all loci similar to the parental type. There was an average frequency of 0.87 chiasmata per pollen mother cell for the heterogenetic i5BL, which will result in 0.44 cis and 0.44 trans isochromatid exchanges, assuming that both are occurring at the same frequency. The average crossover frequency based on recombination between trans isochromatid exchange detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 98 plants was 0.29. This observed value is significantly lower (P〈0.01) than the value of 0.44 as expected from chiasmata counts. Our study provides the first experimental evidence that crossovers preferentially occur between cis isochromatids rather than trans isochromatids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120000083
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cytogenetic analysis of radiation-induced wheat-rye terminal and intercalary chromosomal translocations and the detection of rye chromatin specifying resistance to Hessian fly (1993)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 102 (1993), S. 88-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radiation-induced wheat-rye chromosome translocation lines resistant to Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (say), were analyzed by in situ hybridization using total genomic and highly repetitive rye DNA probes pSc119 and pSc74. In situ hybridization analysis revealed the exact locations of the translocation breakpoints and allowed the estimation of the sizes of the transferred rye segments. T6BS·6BL-6RL and T4BS· 4BL-6RL are terminal translocations with either most of the complete long arm of rye chromosome 6R or only the distal 57% of the 6RL arm attached to the long arms of wheat chromosomes 6B and 4B, respectively. The breakpoint in T6BS·6BL-6RL is located at a fraction length (FL) of 0.11 in the long arm of T6BS 6BL-6RL and at FL 0.46 in the long arm of T4BS·4BL-6RL. Ti4AS·4AL-6RL-4AL is an intercalary translocation with the breakpoint located at FL 0.06 in the long arm of wheat chromosome 4A. The inserted 6RL segment, with the Hessian fly resistance gene, has a size of 0.7 μm, and is the smallest and, so far, the first radiation-induced intercalary translocation identified in wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356025
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a complete set of Triticum aestivum-Aegilops speltoides chromosome addition lines (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Triticum aestivum ; Aegilops speltoides ; Chromosome addition ; C-banding ; In situ hybridization ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Aegilops speltoides Tausch (2n = 2x = 14, SS) is considered as the closest living relative of the B and G genomes of polyploid wheats. A complete set of Triticum aestivum L. cv Chinese Spring-Ae. speltoides whole chromosomes and seven telosomic addition lines was established. A low pairing accession was selected for the isolation of the chromosome addition lines. Except for chromosomes 3S and 6S, which are presently only available as monosomic additions, all other lines were recovered as disomic or ditelosomic additions. The individual Ae. speltoides chromosomes isolated in the wheat background were assayed for their genetic effects on plant phenotype and cytologically characterized in terms of chromosome length, arm ratio, distribution of marker C-bands, and FISH sites using a Ae. speltoides-specific repetitive element, Gc1R-1, as a probe. The homoeology of the added Ae. speltoides chromosomes was established by using a standard set of RFLP probes. No chromosomal rearrangements relative to wheat were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051448
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C-banding polymorphism and the analysis of nucleolar activity in Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, its added chromosomes to hexaploid wheat and the amphiploid Triticum dicoccum — D. villosum (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: C-banding pattern ; Nucleolar activity ; Dasypyrum villosum ; Wheat ‘Chinese Spring’ ; D. villosum addition lines ; Triticum dicoccum-D. villosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary C-banding patterns and nucleolar activity were analyzed in Dasypyrum villosum, its added chromosomes to hexaploid wheat and the hexaploid amphiploid Triticum dicoccum-D. villosum. Two different populations of the allogamous species D. villosum (2n= 14, VV) from Greece and Italy were analyzed showing a similar polymorphism for C-banding pattern. Six of the seven addition lines were identified by their characteristic C-banding pattern. No polymorphism between both members of each added alien chromosome was found. Furthermore, nucleolar activity and competition were studied by using silver staining procedure. In D. villosum only one chromosome pair, A, was found to be responsible for organizing nucleoli. The results obtained in the amphiploid and in the addition lines demonstrate that nucleolar activity is restricted to SAT-chromosomes 1B and 6B of wheat, while those of D. villosum remain inactive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262498
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C-banding pattern and powdery mildew resistance of Triticum ovatum and four T. aestivum-T. ovatum chromosome addition lines (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 417-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Common wheat ; T. ovatum ; C-banding ; Nucleolar activity ; Powdery mildew resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary C-banding patterns of T. ovatum (Ae. ovata) and four T. aestivum cv ‘Poros’-T. ovatum chromosome addition lines are presented, and the added chromosomes of T. ovatum have been identified. Furthermore, nucleolar activity and powdery mildew resistance were analyzed in the ‘Poros’-ovatum addition lines and compared to that of T. ovatum and T. aestivum cv ‘Poros’. The addition lines II, III and IV and ‘Poros’ were highly susceptible to powdery mildew isolates nos. 8 and 9, whereas the addition lines VI1 and VI2 showed high resistance. Even for an Ml-k virulent isolate, these two lines were highly resistant. By combining the cytological results and those of the powdery mildew analysis, the added chromosomes of T. ovatum can be excluded from responsibility for the high powdery mildew resistance of the addition lines VI1 and VI2. The same is true for a modified chromosome 6B, which is present in the ‘Poros’-ovataum addition lines II, III and VI. The high variation in C-banding pattern observed in the A-, B- and D-genome complement of the addition lines is believed to be the result of crossing different lines of T. aestivum instead of ‘Poros’ alone. Thus, we cannot trace the powdery mildew resistance back to a specific chromosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265306
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological characterization, powdery mildew resistance and storage protein composition of tetraploid and hexaploid 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation lines (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 425-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat-rye translocations ; Powdery mildew resistance ; Gene expression ; Storage proteins ; C-banding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Progenies of a tetraploid 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation line, CV 256, selected from the cross ‘Cando’ x ‘Veery’, were analyzed by means of Giemsa C-banding. CV 256 is cytologically stable for the presence of the 1BL/1RS translocation but still segregating for A- and B-genome chromosomes of ‘Cando’ and ‘Veery’. In CV 256, nucleolar activity of the 1RS NOR locus is suppressed, as judged by the absence of a secondary constriction in that rye segment and the capability of organizing nucleoli. PAGE analysis of prolamins confirmed the presence of two 1RS secalins in all single seeds analyzed. SDS-PAGE analysis of reduced glutenins of single seeds indicated that some seeds contained the ‘Cando’ Glu-B1 locus (subunits 6+8), some contained the ‘Veery’ Glu-B1 locus (subunits 7+9) while others contained all four subunits, indicating that the material was heterozygous. Pm8 resistance is expressed in the tetraploid 1BL/1RS translocation line based on the reactions of six well-defined powdery mildew isolates. However, Pm8 resistance is not expressed in the hexaploid wheat cultivars ‘Olymp’, ‘Heinrich’ and ‘Florida’, which also contain the 1BL/1RS translocation. Obviously, the existence of the 1BL/1RS translocation is not a proof for the expression of the associated genes. PAGE results did not show a clear linkage between powdery mildew resistance and the presence of 1RS secalins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cytogenetic analysis of Leymus racemosus chromosomes added to wheat (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 1084-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Triticum aestivum ; Leymus racemosus ; Chromosome addition lines ; C-banding ; RLFP analysis ; Homoeology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Five disomic, two double-disomic, and two ditelosomic addition lines and one disomic substitution line derived from the crosses of Triticum aestivum (2n=6x=42, AABBDD)×Leymus racemosus (2n= 4x=28, JJNN) were identified by C-banding analysis. The homoeology of the added Leymus chromosomes was determined by RFLP analysis. Four of five disomic addition lines belonged to group 2, 5, 6 and 7 chromosomes of L. racemosus; these were designated as 2Lr?1(NAU516), 5Lr?1(NAU504, NAU514), 6Lr?1 (NAU512), and 7Lr?1(NAU501). Two additional chromosomes, 1Lr?1 and 3Lr?1, were present in double-disomic addition lines 1Lr?1+5Lr?1 (NAU525) and 3Lr?1+7Lr?1(NAU524), respec-tively. In the disomic substitution line wheat chromosome 2B was replaced by L. racemosus chromosome 2Lr?1 (NAU551). Two telocentric chromosomes, 2Lr?2S (NAU509) and 7Lr?1S (NAU511), were isolated as ditelosomic addition lines. The study presented here provides the first evidence of homoeology of the added L. racemosus chromosomes with wheat chromosomes using DNA markers. Our data provide the basis for further directed chromosome engineering aimed at producing compensating wheat-L. racemosus translocation lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050666
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spezifische Giemsa-Färbung von heterochromatischen Chromosomensegmenten bei Vicia faba, Allium cepa und Paeonia tenuifolia (1976)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 47 (1976), S. 275-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im theoretischen Teil werden die verschiedenen Hypothesen über den Mechanismus der unterschiedlichen Giemsa-Färbung von Eu- und Heterochromatin diskutiert. Im experimentellen Teil wird das Giemsa-Bandenmuster bei Vieia faba, Allium cepa und Paeonia tenuifolia beschrieben. Sowohl in den stark kondensierten Metaphase-Chromosomen als auch in den Interphase-Kernen können die heterochromatischen Chromosomensegmente auf Grund der stärkeren Giemsa-Färbung vom Euchromatin unterschieden werden. Die Zahl der Chromocentren ist jedoch in den meisten Fällen kleiner als die der Giemsa-Banden in den Metaphase-Chromosomen, was auf die Fusion heterochromatischer Chromosomenabschnitte in der Interphase hinweist. Innerhalb einer Art zeigen auch nicht-homologe Chromosomen ein ähnliches Giemsa-Bandenmuster. Diese für eine Art charakteristische Verteilung von Eu- und Heterochromatin wurde von Heitz (1935) als “äquilokale Heterochromatie” bezeichnet. Die Bedeutung dieser Erscheinung ist weitgehend unbekannt.
    Notes: Summary Hypotheses for the mechanism of differential Giemsa staining of euchromatin and heterochromatin are discussed. The banding-patterns of Vicia faba, Allium cepa and Paeonia tenuifolia are described. Heterochromatic chromosome segments have been identified in metaphase chromosomes to correspond with those to be found in interphase nuclei. The fact that the number of chromocenters is usually smaller than the number of Giemsa bands in the metaphase chromosomes is supposed to be due to fusion of heterochromatic sections during interphase. Within each species non-homologous chromosomes exhibit similar patterns. The significance of this phenomenon, which has been called “aequilocal heterochromacy” by Heitz, is so far unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281932
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of the 1BL/1RS wheat-rye-translocation from hexaploid bread wheat to tetraploid durum wheat (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 423-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat-rye translocations ; Durum wheat ; C-banding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The present study describes a cytological stable alien chromosome translocation in tetraploid durum wheat. By crossing the hexaploid 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation line “Veery” to the tetraploid durum wheat cultivar “Cando” it was possible to select a 28 chromosomic strain homozygous for the 1BL/1RS translocation. The disease resistance potential of the short arm of rye chromosome 1R, which has been widely introduced in many hexaploid bread wheat cultivars could be now also used for the improvement of durum wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289815
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