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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    135 Bedford Road, PO Box 418 , Armonk , NY 10504-0418 USA . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiac surgery 18 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Purpose: The purpose is to present results of endovascular exclusion (stent-graft treatment) of aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta both in elective cases and in emergencies. Methods: Indications for stent-graft treatment were dependent on multislice angio-CT evaluation revealing a proximal neck of at least 10 mm between the left common carotid artery and the onset of aneurysm. All stent grafts were inserted in the operating room; 43 transfemoral, 2 transiliac. The stent grafts used were Corvita, Stenford, Vanguard, AneuRx, Talent, and Excluder. Deployment was achieved under fluoroscopic control, endoleaks were checked for with D S A on the operating table and postoperatively by angio-CT. Long-term follow-up consisted of evaluation with angio-CT after 6 and 12 months, and from there on once a year and with plain chest X-rays. Follow-up was achieved in all patients. Results: Mean follow-up is 21 months (1–66); 30-day mortality is 3/45, no permanent neurologic deficit. Thirty patients were treated electively, 15 with contained rupture. Left subclavian artery overstenting proved to be necessary in 12 patients for proper proximal sealing of the aneurysm, type I endoleaks were observed in 10 patients, one early conversion, 7 proximal extension cuffs, one sealed spontaneously, one still at risk. Among patients where LSA had been overstented only one wanted a transposition, all others did well without left-hand ischemia or subclavian steal syndrome. Conclusion: Endovascular treatment is less invasive and has reasonable mortality and morbidity but is limited to well-defined morphologies. Mid-term results are promising but it has to be observed whether these will translate into long-term durability. (J Card Surg 2003; 18:367-374)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Spiral-CT ; Virtuelle Endoskopie ; Larynx ; Key words Helical CT ; Virtual endoscopy ; Larynx
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This pilot study investigated the feasibility and clinical value of high-resolution virtual real-time laryngoscopy based on helical CT data sets. Nine patients with laryngeal pathology (three with tumors of the vocal cords, two laryngeal carcinomas, one with invasion of the larynx by thyroid carcinoma and six subglottic stenoses) underwent examination by helical CT at a collimation of 1 mm. Following acquisition, the images were processed at a workstation with standard visualization software, such that virtual endoscopy (VE) in real time was possible. The images were then compared with the findings of conventional endoscopy. Because of swallowing artifacts, reconstruction failed in 2 of 12 patients. None of the carcinomas of the vocal cords was recognized at VE or in the cross-sectional CT images. VE provided the correct diagnosis in 8 of 12 cases (laryngeal tumors, subglottic stenoses). Virtual laryngoscopy is capable of simulating the visual findings of endoscopy in cases of laryngeal tumors and subglottic stenoses. Small tumors of the vocal cords are not adequately visualized. The major problem affecting results is motion artifacts resulting from involuntary swallowing.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Pilotstudie zur Überprüfung der Machbarkeit und des klinischen Nutzens einer hochauflösenden virtuellen Echtzeitlaryngoskopie aus Spiral-CT-Datensätzen vorgestellt. 12 Patienten mit Erkrankungen im Kehlkopfbereich (3 Stimmlippentumore, 2 Larynxkarzinome, ein in den Larynx eingebrochenes Schilddrüsenkarzinom und 6 subglottische Stenosen) wurden mittels hochauflösender Spiral-CT (Kollimation 1 mm) untersucht. Anschließend wurden die Bilder auf einer Workstation mit einer standardmäßigen Visualisierungssoftware so rekonstruiert, daß eine virtuelle Endoskopie (VE) in Echtzeit möglich wurde, welche der herkömmlichen Fiberendoskopie gegenübergestellt wurde. 2 der 12 Patienten waren bedingt durch Schluckartefakte nicht zu rekonstruieren. Keines der Stimmlippenkarzinome war in der VE oder den Querschnittsbildern zu erkennen. In 8 von 12 Fällen war die VE diagnostisch (Larynxtumore, subglottische Stenosen). Die virtuelle Laryngoskopie in der hier beschriebenen Technik vermag Larynxtumoren und subglottische Stenosen, nicht aber kleine Stimmbandtumoren in einer dem Kliniker vertrauten endoskopischen Sichtweise darzustellen. Hauptproblem sind Bewegungsartefakte durch unwillkürliche Schluckbewegungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter A. ischiadica ; Aneurysma ; Thrombolyse ; Angiographie ; Keywords Sciatic artery ; Aneurysm ; Thrombolysis ; Angiography ; Stentgraft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The sciatic artery is a rarely seen variant of the vessels of the lower limb. Anatomically it is the prolongation of the inferior gluteal artery and accompanies the sciatic nerve from the sciatic foramen to the knee. More than other vessels, the sciatic artery shows vasculopathies like diffuse dilatation or aneurysms. This report describes an interesting case of embolic acute ischemia, caused by a persistent sciatic artery with an aneurysm. We treated the ischemia with intraA. l lysis and bridged the aneurysm with an covered stent.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die A. ischiadica ist eine selten zu findende anatomische Variante des Gefäßsystems der unteren Extremität. Anatomisch entspricht die A. ischiadica einer Verlängerung der A. glutea inferior und begleitet den N. ischiadicus ab dem Foramen ischiadicum bis zum Knie, wo sie in die Unterschenkelarterien mündet und zu den muskelversorgenden Arterien gehört. Die A. ischiadica neigt aufgrund eines minderwertigen Gefäßaufbaus zu Vaskulopathien. Insbesondere aneurysmale Dilatationen der A. ischiadica sind mit einer hohen Inzidenz beschrieben worden. Der vorliegende Fallbericht beschreibt den interessanten Fall einer akuten Ischämie im Bereich des Unterschenkels, ausgelöst durch Thromben aus einer aneurysmatisch veränderten A. ischiadica. Die akute Ischämie wurde erfolgreich durch eine intraarterielle Lyse behandelt. Das Aneurysma wurde sekundär durch eine beschichtete Stentprothese ausgeschaltet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Papilloma ; Breast ; MRM ; Galactography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was evaluation of MRI alone and in combination with mammography and galactography in the diagnosis of intraductal papillomas. From 1994 to 1998, a total of 48 women presenting with pathologic mammary secretion underwent galactography and magnetic resonance mammography (MRM). Thirty-five patients aged 16–71 years (average age 46 years) subsequently underwent surgery or diagnostic puncture and the histologic findings were compared with the results of the radiologic examination. Histology revealed papillomas in 16 cases. In 6 of these patients, there was associated malignant degeneration. Malignancy without associated papilloma was observed in 3 cases. Galactography displayed a sensitivity of 94 % and a specificity of 79 % with five false-positive findings and one false-negative finding in the recognition of intraductal papillomas. Malignant processes were detected by mammography/galactography in only one instance. Magnetic resonance mammography visualized pathologic contrast medium uptake in 8 of 9 cases of malignant disease (sensitivity 89 %). One patient with in situ ductal carcinoma escaped detection with MRM. Papillomas showed no or below-the-threshold-lying contrast uptakes with no specific sign suggestive of papilloma. Galactography in combination with mammography remains the primary diagnostic procedure in cases of pathologic mammary secretion or suspected papilloma. The addition of MRI permits exclusion of malignant disease with a high degree of certainty; thus, expectant management in individual cases with negative findings appears justified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 802-805 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Gastrointestinal bleeding ; Embolization ; Interventional therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Retrospective evaluation of interventional embolization therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage over a long-term observation period from 1989 to 1997. Included in the study were 35 patients (age range 18–89 years) with gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) referred for radiological intervention either primarily or following unsuccessful endoscopy or surgery. Sources of GI bleeding included gastric and duodenal ulcers (n = 7), diverticula (n = 3), erosion of the intestinal wall secondary to malignancy (n = 6), vascular malformations (n = 4), and hemorrhoids (n = 2), as well as from postoperative (n = 6), posttraumatic (n = 2), postinflammatory (n = 4) or unknown (n = 1) causes. Ethibloc (12 cases) or metal coils (14 cases) were predominantly used as embolisates. In addition, combinations of tissue adhesive and gelfoam particles and of coils and Ethibloc were used (six cases). Finally, polyvinyl alcohol particles, a coated stent, and an arterial wire dissection were utilized in one case each. Bleeding was stopped completely in 29 of 35 cases (83 %). In one case (3 %) the source of bleeding was recognized but the corresponding vessel could not be catheterized. In five other cases (14 %) there was partial success with reduced, though still persistent, bleeding. The rate of complications was 14 %, including four instances of intestinal ischemia with fatal outcome in the first years, and, later, one partial infarction of the spleen without serious consequences. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage can be controlled in a high percentage of patients, including the seriously ill and those who had previously undergone surgery, with the use of minimally invasive interventional techniques. The availability of minicoils instead of fluid embolization agents has reduced the risk of serious complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Abdominal lymph nodes ; Computed tomography ; Thorotrast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The formerly used contrast medium Thorotrast is stored in liver (60%), spleen (30%) and their regional lymph nodes. CT scans of 22 Thorotrast patients were reviewed regarding the evaluation of the abdominal lymph nodes. Due to the high density of Thorptrast-accumulating lymph nodes (〉 500 HU) and the excellen contrast sensitivity of CT, lymph nodes less that 0.4 cm in diameter can be imaged. In all more that 1300 lymph nodes could be detected (mean 63 ± 24 per patient). The goal of the study was to describe the normal topographic anatomy of the reginal lymph nodes of liver and spleen, which can not be visualised by bipedal lymphography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Hepatic artery embolization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A retrospective evaluation of embolotherapy in patients with arterial liver hemorrhages was carried out. Twenty-six patients, ranging in age from 10 days to 77 years with active arterial liver hemorrhages, underwent non-surgical embolotherapy. Bleeding was attributed to trauma (n = 21), tumor (n = 3), pancreatitis (n = 1), or unknown cause (n = 1). Twenty-nine embolizations were performed via a transfemoral (n = 26) or biliary (n = 2) approach. One bare Wallstent was placed into the common hepatic artery via to an axillary route to cover a false aneurysm due to pancreatitis. Treatment was controlled in 4 patients by cholangioscopy (n = 2) or by intravascular ultrasound (n = 2). Prior surgery had failed in 3 patients. Intervention controlled the hemorrhage in 24 of 26 (92 %) patients within 24 h. Embolotherapy failed in 1 patient with pancreatic carcinoma and occlusion of the portal vein. In 1 patient with an aneurysm of the hepatic artery treated by Wallstent insertion, total occlusion was not achieved in the following days, as demonstrated by CT and angiography. However, colour Doppler flow examination showed no flow in the aneurysm 6 months later. Complications were one liver abscess, treated successfully by percutaneous drainage for 10 days, and one gallbladder necrosis after superselective embolization of the cystic artery. Embolization is a effective tool with a low complication rate in the treatment of liver artery hemorrhage, even in patients in whom surgery has failed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 39 (1999), S. 790-794 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intraarterielle Chemotherapie ; Mammakarzinom ; Mitoxantron ; Thromboembolie ; Key words Intraarterial chemotherapy ; Breast cancer ; Mitoxantrone ; Thromboembolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A general review of the results and technique of intraarterial chemotherapy in cases of breast cancer is given. The remission rate for untreated primary tumors is nearly 100%, for completely treated local relapses approximately 70%. The complication rate is quite low using an intraarterial well-tolerated cytostatic agent such as mitoxantrone. However, thromboembolism of the vertebral artery facing the internal mammary artery may occur. The indication for intraarterial chemotherapy should always be set by an interdisciplinary board.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Technik und Ergebnisse der intraarteriellen Chemotherapie beim Mammakarzinom übersichtsartig beschrieben. Die Remissionsraten für einen unbehandelten Primärtumor liegen bei nahezu 100%, beim ausbehandelten Lokalrezidiv bei ca. 70%. Unter Verwendung eines intraarteriell gut verträglichen Zytostatikums wie Mitoxantron sind die Komplikationsraten gering, zu fürchten ist vor allem eine Thromboembolie in die gegenüber der A. mammaria interna gelegene A. vertebralis. Die Indikation zur intraarteriellen Chemotherapie sollte immer interdisziplinär gestellt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Fortgeschrittenes Zervixkarzinom ; Blutung ; Embolisationsbehandlung ; Key words Cervix uteri ; Advanced carcinoma ; Hemorrhage ; Embolization treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: Retrospective evaluation of percutaneous interventional treatment of locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Materials and methods: Since 1991, 13 patients with advanced tumor disease have been referred to our department for diagnosis and therapy of an acute blood loss. In all patients (age 40–88 years, mean 61 years) hemorrhage was detected by decrease in red blood cell count. In all cases patients suffered from locally advanced or recurrent disease after surgery and/or additional radio- or chemotherapy. Embolization was performed by transfemoral access using minicoils in most cases, liquid agents less often and a covered vascular stent in one patient. Results: The site of the hemorrhage or the blood pooling of the tumor could be seen in all cases angiographically. Twenty-seven treatment cycles (2.1 per patient) were performed at intervals of 3 days to 6 months. The maximum time of follow-up and additional treatments if necessary was 1 year. In 9 of 13 patients (69%) the bleeding could be stopped immediately with a single treatment or initial treatment via both iliac arteries. One patient (7,7%) died during therapy because of an uncontrollable bleeding and consecutive decrease in red blood cells count. The remaining three patients (23%) showed slight persistent or recurrent bleeding, which could be managed interventionally until the following episode. There were two complications (15%) during therapy, representing a coil misplacement and a coil wash-out, which both could be managed interventionally. Conclusion: Hemorrhage following locally advanced or recurrent cervical carcinoma can be stopped interventionally in about 70% of cases. Even in partial success it is possible to manage the acute life-threatening situation. Follow-up examinations of up to 1 year justify this therapeutic concept.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die retrospektive Auswertung und Darstellung der Bedeutung interventioneller Methoden in der Behandlung von Patienten mit lokal fortgeschittenem Zervixkarzinom. Seit 1991 wurden uns 13 Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittener Tumorerkrankung und akuten Blutungen zur radiologischen Evaluierung und ggf. Intervention vorgestellt. Bei allen Patienten in einem Alter zwischen 40 und 88 Jahren (Durchschnitt: 61 J.) waren Blutungen mit deutlichem Hb-Abfall bis hin zur vitalen Bedrohung aufgetreten. In allen Fällen handelte es sich um Karzinome der Zervix uteri im fortgeschrittenem Stadium oder um Rezidive nach initialer Operation mit begleitender Radio- bzw. Chemotherapie. Bei allen Patienten konnten die Blutungsareale oder das Pooling des Kontrastmittel im Tumor angiographisch lokalisiert werden. Insgesamt erfolgten 27 Embolisationstherapien (2,1 pro Patient) in Abständen von 3 Tagen bis zu 6 Monaten und maximal über einen zeitlichen Verlauf von über 1 Jahr. In 9 von 13 Fällen konnte durch eine solitäre Behandlung bzw. eine zweizeitige Therapie über beide Iliakalarterien die Blutung akut zum Stillstand gebracht werden (69%). Eine Patientin verstarb noch während der Embolisation infolge des Blutverlustes (7,7%). Die anderen 3 Patientinnen zeigten abgeschwächt persistierende oder frühzeitig rezidivierende Blutungen (23%). Als Embolisate wurden vorwiegend Spiralen, selten flüssige Embolisate und einmal ein ummantelter Stent verwendet. Periinterventionelle Komplikationen traten in zwei Fällen auf. Hier gelang es sowohl eine fehlplazierte Spirale, als auch eine Embolisatverschleppung interventionell zu bergen. In etwa 70% können Tumorblutungen bei Zervixkarzinomen interventionell beherrscht werden. Auch wenn nur ein Teilerfolg zu verzeichnen ist, kann zumindest die lebensbedrohliche Akutsituation meist abgewendet werden. Daß z.T. Verläufe über 1 Jahr ohne Möglichkeit einer weiteren kurativen Behandlung der Tumoren vorliegen, rechtfertigt unserer Meinung nach diesen Therapiansatz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 177-179 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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