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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin ; Hemophilia A ; Von Willebrand's disease ; F XII deficiency ; Cost effectiveness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-one patients suffering from mild von Willebrand's disease (vWd) and patients suffering from mild or moderate hemophilia A received 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) (Minirin®, Ferring AG) s.c. at a dose of 0.4 µg/kg body weight. Additionally, two hemophiliacs and 22 patients with vWd received DDAVP i.v. Within the observation period of 3 h Factor (F) VIII:C levels increased 2.4 × baseline levels in hemophiliacs, and the maximal effect was observed 3 h post DDAVP s.c. In patients with vWd post DDAVP s.c. (i.v.) a 2.7 (3.4), 2.1 (1.9) and 2.2 (2.8) fold increase for F VIII: C, F VIIIR:Ag and F VIII:Rcof was observed. In eight patients suffering from vWd with additional F XII deficiency a small and transitory but significant increase of F XII levels was detected post DDAVP s.c. No local or systemic side effects were observed. In five patients with vWd tooth extractions were performed without bleeding complications under DDAVP s.c. treatment. Two patients practiced self-treatment by injecting the drug s.c. at home. We thus conclude that s.c. DDAVP is an effective, reliable, and cost-reducing form of treatment that does not bring with it the risk of transmitting infectious diseases in patients with vWd and hemophilia and that can be administered at home.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thrombosis ; Superior Mesenteric artery ; Urokinase ; Intraarterial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 56 year old man presented with increasing abdominal pain. He suffered from arterial occlusive disease with occlusion of the right A. iliaca communis. Angiography revealed partial thrombotic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery. Urokinase (UK) at a dose of 150 IU/kg × minutes and heparin (1,000 U/h) was infused through the 7F angiographic catheter for 180 minutes. After 70 min of treatment, angiography showed improvement, and after 120 min the thrombus was nearly completely lysed. A stenosis of approximately 50% was still present after 180 min. Two hours after treatment the patient was pain free without analgesics. laboratory studies showed systemic fibrinogenolysis, but fibrinogen was still within the upper normal range. Only slight systemic fibrinolytic activity (〈5 IU UK/ml) could be determined. However, α2-antiplasmin was depleted. The catheter was drawn 15 h after thrombolysis without bleeding. While under concurrent heparin and phenprocoumon therapy, the patient developed an infected gluteal hematoma as a result of i.m. injections prior to this treatment. A repeat angiography approximately one month after thrombolysis revealed further improvement and patency. The patient is well and free of abdominal angina and under oral anticoagulant therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: BRL 26921 ; Acute myocardial infarction ; Streptokinase-plasminogen activator activity ; Hypotensive effects ; Systemic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The thrombolytic properties of anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (BRL 26921) and clinical results of the treatment were studied in 10 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. Exclusion criteria were general contraindications against thrombolytic therapy and a time interval of more than 4 h between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital. All patients received a 250-mg bolus of prednisolone prior to intravenous injection of 30 mg BRL 26921 within 2 min. A continuous infusion of heparin at a dose of 1,000 USPU/h was started 2 h after the injection. Blood pressure was monitored via an arterial line. Arrhythmias and changes in the ST segments were documented by conventional ECG recording and computerbased ECG monitoring. Coronary arteriography and left ventriculography were carried out within 72 h. Besides routine laboratory tests, serial CK and CK-MB activity measurements were carried out. We determined the following hemostaseological parameters before and 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 4 h, and 12 h after application of BRL 26921: prothrombin time, activated partial thrombosplastin time, thrombin time, thrombin coagulase time, fibrinogen, streptokinaseplasminogen activator activity, plasminogen and alpha-2-antiplasmin. Our results (reperfusion in all patients angiographically and in 7 to 8 of 10 patients from noninvasive criteria) show that BRL 26921 is a highly effective thrombolytic agent in patients with myocardial infarction, when compared with highdose systemic fibrinolysis. Applied in dosages required for early reperfusion, it does not appear to be selectively thrombolytic and is not free of hypotensive effects in man. The decrease of fibrinolytic activity is biphasic with a half-disappearance time of 112 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Factor VIII concentrates ; Characterization ; Factor VIII complex ; Contaminating proteins ; Physical characteristics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fifty batches of Factor VIII concentrates from 12 producers were characterized in a long-term follow-up. The following parameters were measured: Factor VIII:C, Factor VIIIR:AG, Factor VIII:Rcof, specific activity (U Factor VIII:C/mg protein), fibrinogen, IgG, IgM, IgA, isoagglutinins, Hbs-AG, heparin-like activity, thrombin-like activity, antithrombin III, Factor VIII-stability at room temperature, and the rate of complete dissolution of the lyophilizate. In most preparations there was an unacceptable batch-to-batch variation of both Factor VIII complex and contaminating proteins, which exceeded the inter-assay coefficient of variation of the applied test systems. Nevertheless, different brands could be recognized by their typical protein pattern. The results obtained suggest that the standardization of Factor VIII concentrates of unknown composition is still accompanied by considerable risks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Factor IX ; Steam-treated factor IX concentrate ; In vivo recovery ; Half-life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Factor IX (FIX) recovery and half-life was measured in ten hemophilia B patients under standardized conditions. Each patient received a steam-treated high-purity factor IX concentrate at a dose of 19–39 U/kg body weight. FIX activity was determined using a one-stage assay, which was calibrated against the international concentrate standard (reagents from Immuno, Heidelberg). The in vivo recovery ranged from 24% to 53% (mean value 37.7%) and the half-disappearance time (HDT) from 8–30 h (mean 16.7 h). In four of the ten patients, the distribution and elimination half-lives were estimated and ranged from 0.3 h to 3.9 h (mean 1.4 h) and from 28.6 h to 39.7 h (mean 33.1 h), respectively. In six patients FIX was redetermined using a different FIX deficient plasma and a plasma standard (reagents from Merz & Dade, Munich, FRG). Recoveries and HDT based on the results obtained with this method were significantly higher (68.2% vs 39.7%; p〈0.05), and longer (14.8 h vs 10.6 h; p〈0.05), respectively. FIX activity was also measured by both assay systems in 100 healthy subjects (50 males, 50 females). The reagents from Immuno yielded a mean value of 0.77 U/ml, while the mean FIX activity utilizing standards and reagents from Merz & Dade was 1.11 U/ml (p〈0.000001). The coefficient of correlation between the FIX activity measurements, as determined in 100 healthy subjects and 6 hemophilia B patients using the different test systems, was r=0.9 (N=159; y=0.08+1.3 * x; p〈0.001). Our data suggest that recovery and HDT of factor IX concentrate strongly depend on the assay and calibration conditions and that an international FIX activity plasma standard is urgently required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 50 (1985), S. 25-27 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Von Willebrand's Disease ; Factor VIII-Concentrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vitro investigations have demonstrated a high F VIII:Rcof potency and a high F VIII:Rcof/F VIII R:Ag ratio of two heat-treated F VIII concentrates. We therefore studied the in vivo effectiveness of these preparations (F VIII HSR, Behringwerke Marburg and F VIII HTR, Travenol) in five patients with von Willebrand's disease (vWd). In the steady state in vivo recoveries of F VIII:Rcof ranged from 73–153% after transfusion of F VIII HSR and from 11.5–17% after F VIII HTR respectively. The gain of F VIII-complex after F VIII HS was comparable to cryopecipitate (KryobulinR SP, Immuno AG Wien). All three products shortened the bleeding-time. Three of our five patients underwent surgery (Billroth I, papillotomy, laparatomy, open heart surgery) under F VIII HS cover without bleeding complications. The dose applied ranged from 20 to 40 U/kg at 8 or 12 h intervals for a period of approx. 14 days. Serum-transaminase elevations were observed in two of four patients after F VIII HT treatment. Although the risk of hepatitis of heat-treated F VIII concentrates remains to be determined, these products proved to be effective in vWd. The major advantages of these preparations are stability, rapid solubility, a low content of contaminating proteins, and a rapid, general availability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 67 (1993), S. 259-266 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Virus inactivation ; Fresh-frozen plasma ; Methylene blue ; Photooxidation ; Solvent/detergent treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Methylene blue (MB) or solvent/detergent (SD) treatment is used for the inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in plasma. One important characteristic of the SD treatment is the necessity to pool plasma from different donors, thus inducing the risk of spreading infectious particles. MB treatment can be applied to single-donor plasma, causing no greater infectious risk than conventional fresh-frozen plasma (FFP). However, the virucidal efficacy of the SD method regarding HIV, HBV and HCV has been significantly better examined and proven than the MB treatment. Most of the therapeutic constituents of both plasma products are well maintained; coagulation factors decrease by roughly 5–20%. SD treatment reduces protein S andα 2-antiplasmin by approximately 40%, whereas MB treatment leads to a significant photooxidative alteration of fibrinogen with a disturbance of fibrin polymerization. As current studies show, the use of either plasma product is obviously not limited by acute or chronic toxicity. Several studies are in progress to evaluate the relevance of alterations in FFP quality which may affect the clinical efficacy of virusinactivated plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Gray platelet syndrome ; Myelofibrosis ; Platelet volume distribution ; Platelet survival ; Desmopressin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical and laboratory studies of two siblings, both suffering from gray platelet syndrome (GPS) are described. The patients had a mild bleeding disorder, their platelets were blue-gray in panoptic stains, and α-granules were markedly reduced, as shown by electron microscopy. The platelet content of platelet factor 4 and that of β-thromboglobulin were significantly reduced (3%–7% of normal). Platelet count was decreased (33–150×109/l) and small platelets were increased in platelet volume distribution. Bleeding time was prolonged on most occasions. Bone marrow aspiration was performed in one patient and revealed increased reticulin fibers, however, megakaryocyte count was normal. The mean platelet survival was 4.8 days using 111indium-labelled platelets. In this patient, platelet-associated IgG was within the normal range. Prednisone therapy failed to increase platelet count. Dental surgery was performed under cover of desmopressin and no bleeding complication occurred; however, no improvement of bleeding time was observed. The patient delivered a healthy male infant without hemorrhaging while under concurrent platelet transfusion therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: HTLV-III infection ; AIDS ; Hemophilia ; Polytransfused patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prevalence of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus III (HTLV-III) was determined in a total of 140 hemophiliacs and 36 polytransfused patients from three medical centers by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmatory tests. 58 hemophiliacs (41.4%) were seropositive. In all instances where the origin of the coagulation factors given to these patients could be determined, blood products came from the United States. In addition, 2 of 36 polytransfused patients, mostly with acute leukemias, who were transfused with blood products from local donors were positive for HTLV-III antibodies. No HTLV-III antibodies were detected in 237 blood donors selected in part from the donor pool of the polytransfused patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-7195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Objectifs Comparer, sur les paramètres hémostatiques, les effets d'un contraceptif oral à phases combinées contenant du désogestrel et de l'éthinyl oestradiol (DSG/EO) et d'un contraceptif oral triphasique contenant du lévonorgestrel et de l'éthinyl oestradiol (LNG/EO). Méthodes Dans une étude randomisée ouverte comparant deux groupes de traitement composés chacun de 10 volontaires en bonne santé, on a déterminé à l'état initial, après trois cycles de traitement et durant un cycle après le traitement, les effets sur les paramètres de coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolyse, antifibrinolyse et sur la fonction des plaquettes. Les changements par rapport à l'état initial ont été analysés par le test-t de séries appariées, alors que les différences entre les groupes l'ont été l'analyse des covariances. Résultats Ces préparations ont toutes deux produit de légers changements dans certains des paramètres de coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolyse et antifibrinolyse, encore que les valeurs moyennes soient toutes restées dans les limites de la normale. Aucun effet significatif n'a été observé avec l'un ou l'autre de ces contraceptifs oraux au niveau de la fonction des plaquettes. Des différences statistiquement significatives entre les deux préparations ont pu être décelées occasion-nellement: les concentrations d'AT-III et du facteur VII étaient plus élevées dans le groupe de la préparation DSG/OE que dans le groupe LNG/EO à la fin du traitement. En outre, l'activité AT-III, les concentrations d'AT-III et du facteur X et l'activité plasminogène étaient supérieures dans le groupe DSG/EO à celles retrouvées dans le groupe LNG/EO durant le cycle postérieur au traitement. Conclusions On n'a constaté d'effets cliniquement significatifs sur l'équilibre hémostatique général, ni avec le DSG/EO à phases combinées ni avec le LNG/EO triphasique, ces deux contraceptifs oraux ayant un dosage comparable d'EO par cycle.
    Abstract: Resumen Objectivos comparar los efectos ejercidos sobre los parámetros hemostáticos por un anticonceptivo oral combifásico de desogestrel y etinil estradiol y un anticonceptivo oral trifásico de levonorgestrel y etinil estradiol. Metodos en un estudio aleatorizado, abierto, de comparación con grupo realizado en 10 voluntarias sanas por grupo de tratamiento se determinaron los efectos sobre los parámetros de coagulación, anticoagulación, fibrinólisis, antifibrinólisis y función de las plaquetas en la línea de referencia, después de tres ciclos de tratamiento y después de un ciclo de postratamiento. Los cambios en comparación con la línea de referencia se analizaron utilizando un test-t pareado y las diferencias entre grupos se analizaron mediante un análisis de covarianza. Resultados Las dos preparaciones de anticonceptivos orales indujeron cambios moderados de ciertos parámetros de coagulación, anticoagulación, fibrinólisis y antifibrinólisis, si bien todos los valores medios permanecieron dentro de la gama normal. No se observaron efectos significativos sobre la función de las plaquetas con ninguno de los dos anticonceptivos. Pudieron observarse ocasionalmente diferencias estddísticamente significativas entre las dos preparaciones: las concentraciones de AT-III y el Factor VII fueron mayores con la preparación DSG/EE que con la preparación LNG/EE al final del tratamiento y la actividad de AT-III, la concentración de AT-III, la concentración del Factor X y la actividad plasminógena fueron superiores con DSG/EE que con LNG/EE en el ciclo de postratamiento. Conclusiones el anticonceptivo combifásico DSG/EE y el anticonceptivo trifásico LNG/EE — ambos con una cantidad comparable de EE por ciclo — no ejercieron ningún efecto clícamente significativo sobre el equilibrio hemostático.
    Notes: Abstract Objective To compare the effects on hemostatic parameters of a combiphasic oral contraceptive containing desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol (DSG/EE) and a triphasic oral contraceptive containing levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol (LNG/EE). Methods In an open-label, randomized, group-comparative study in 10 healthy volunteers per treatment group, the effects on parameters of coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, antifibrinolysis and platelet function were determined at baseline, after three treatment cycles, and after a post-treatment cycle. Changes from baselin were analyzed using a pairedt-test, whereas between-group differences were analyzed by means of an analysis of co-variance. Results Both OC preparation induced modest changes of some coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis and antifibrinolysis parameters, although all mean values remained within the normal range. No significant effects were observed with either OC with respect to platelet function. Statistically significant differences between the two preparations could occasionally be observed: the concentrations of antithrombin III (AT-III) and Factor VII were higher with the DSG/EE preparation than with the LNG/EE preparation at the end of treatment and AT-III activity, AT-III concentration, Facotr X concentration and plasminogen activity were higher with DSG/EE than with LNG/EE in the post-treatment cycle. Conclusions Combiphasic DSG/EE and triphasic LNG/EE, both OCs with a comparable amount of EE per cycle, had no clinically significant effect on the overall hemostatic balance.
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