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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 286 (1974), S. 319-323 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Propranolol ; Antihypertensive Effect in Man ; Optical Isomers ; Plasma Levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antihypertensive actions of (+/-)-propranolol and of (+)-propranolol were compared in 10 patients with essential hypertension and in 1 patient with renovascular hypertension. The study was of double-blind crossover design. Bith, racemic propranolol and the (+)-isomer were ineffective in 4 hypertensives. In 7 patients, including the one with renovascular hypertension, (+/-)-propranolol significantly decreased supine systolic and diastolic as well as standing systolic blood pressure. None of these parameters was altered by identical doses of (+)-propranolol. Propranolol plasma levels measured during treatment with racemic propranolol did not differ from the concentrations determined during the (+)-propranolol period. The data indicate that the hypotensive effect of propranolol in man is due to β-receptor blockade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 551-557 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Dobutamine ; Contractility ; Low output cardiac failure ; Low output state ; Dobutamin ; Kontraktilität ; Herzinsuffizienz ; low output Syndrom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die kardiovaskulären Effekte von Dobutamin, einem Derivat des Dopamin, wurden an 7 Patienten mit chronischer Funktionsstörung der linken Kammer bei koronarer und myokardialer Herzerkrankung untersucht. Dobutamin wurde in steigenden Dosen von 2,5–5,0–7,5–10,0 und 15,0 µg/kg/min infundiert. Gemessen wurden der Druck in der zentralen Aorta, im linken Ventrikel (Kathetertipmanometer; LVEDP, LVdp/dtmax) und in der Pulmonalarterie sowie das Herzminutenvolumen (Farbstoffverdünnungsmethode). Der positiv chronotrope Effekt von Dobutamin war gering und erst bei 15,0 µg/kg/min statistisch auffällig. Der systolische Aortendruck nahm im gesamten Dosisbereich mäßig stark zu. Dagegen war die Zunahme des mittleren Aortendruckes mit 11 mm Hg, die des Schlagvolumens mit 22% und der Schlagarbeit mit 49% bei 5,0 µg/kg/min am größten (p〈0,05). Die positiv inotrope Wirkung von Dobutamin führte dosisabhängig zu einer Zunahme des Herzindex und von LVdp/dtmax um maximal 63 bzw. 193% (p〈0,01). Dabei sanken der LVEDP und der periphere Widerstand signifikant ab. Arrhythmien traten unter Dobutamin nicht auf. Nach 15 min war die Wirkung der Substanz abgeklungen. Die Befunde zeigen, daß Dobutamin keine streng kardioselektive Wirkung besitzt. Jedoch überwiegt im Dosisbereich von 2,5–15,0 µg/kg/min die positiv inotrope Wirkung. Weitere klinische Untersuchungen mit dieser Substanz an Patienten mit schwerer Herzinsuffizienz und low output Syndrom erscheinen erfolgversprechend.
    Notes: Summary The cardiovascular effects of dobutamine, a derivative of dopamine have been investigated in seven patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction. The patients were either suffering from coronary heart disease or from cardiomyopathy. Dobutamine was administered at doses of 2.5–5.0–7.5–10.0 and 15.0 µg/kg/min. The following parameters were measured: aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure (LVEDP, LVdp/dtmax) by using a Millar tip manometer, pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output (dy-dilution technique). The positive chronotropic effect of dobutamine was small in the lower dosage range and reached significance only with the highest dose of 15.0 µg/kg/min. Systolic aortic pressure was increased moderately over the whole dosage range (p〈0.05). However the increment of mean aortic pressure (+11 mm Hg), of stroke volume (+22%) and of stroke work (+49%) was already maximum (p〈0.05) at a dose of 5.0 µg/kg/min. The positive inotropic action of dobutamine caused a dose related increase of cardiac index and of LVdp/dtmax of +53% and of +193% respectively. This effect was accompanied by a continuous and significant decrease of LVEDP and of peripheral resistance. Dobutamine induced arrhythmias have not been observed. 15 min after infusion stop, no dobutamine effect could be detected. These findings demonstrate that the actions of dobutamine are not merely cardioselective. However, in the dose range between 2.5 and 15.0 µg/kg/min a positive inotropic effect is predominant. Further clinical trials with dobutamine on patients with severe myocardial dysfunction and low output syndrome may yield promising results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 461-465 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: antiarrhythmic drugs ; lorcainide ; haemodynamic effects ; i.v. dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cardiovascular effects of a single i.v. dose (2 mg/kg over 5 min) of lorcainide were studied in 14 patients with heart disease. In the haemodynamic part of the study (6 patients), the aortic and pulmonary systolic, diastolic and mean pressures, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures, cardiac output and the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure were measured before and for 30 min after administration of the drug. Lorcainide produced a slight and short-lasting decrease in the aortic and pulmonary systolic pressures, and all other pressure values remained unchanged. The cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance were not altered by lorcainide. It consistently depressed the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (maximum mean decrease 19%). In the angiographic part of the study (8 patients), the ejection fraction and the mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening were measured before and 5 min after lorcainide. In all but one patient, lorcainide decreased the ejection fraction (mean decrease 11.6%), and the mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening was uniformly diminished by lorcainide (mean decrease 29.7%). Thus, lorcainide moderately impaired myocardial performance in patients with normal and reduced left ventricular function without producing hypotensive side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 149 (1969), S. 13-24 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Diuretics ; Tissue Respiration ; Cation Transport ; Diuretika ; Gewebsatmung ; Kationentransport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An kaliumverarmten Nierenrindenschnitten wurden Sauerstoffverbrauch, Natrium- und Kaliumkonzentrationen des Gewebes unter Warburg-Inkubation nach Zugabe verschiedener Diuretika (Mersalyl, Hydrochlorothiazid, Furosemid, Ethacrynsäure) gemessen und die entsprechenden Parameter mit entsprechenden Kontrollansätzen ohne Zugabe der einzelnen Pharmaka verglichen. Vergleichsweise wurde auch die Wirkung von p-chloromercuribenzoat und N-ethylmalemid als nicht diuretisch wirkende organische Quecksilberverbindung bzw. SH-Gruppenhemmer untersucht. In allen Fällen resultierte mit steigender Dosis der zugesetzten Substanzen eine Abnahme des Sauerstoffverbrauchs, eine verminderte Kaliumreakkumulation des zuvor kaliumverarmten Gewebes und eine verstärkte Natriumanreicherung im Vergleich zu den Kontrollansätzen. Die einzelnen Pharmaka zeigten eine unterschiedliche Korrelation zwischen der Atmungshemmung und Hemmung der Kaliumwiederaufnahme des Gewebes, weiterhin entsprachen die gegenläufigen Änderungen der Kalium- und Natriumgewebskonzentrationen einander nicht. Durch zusätzliche Gabe von Cysteinchlorid als SH-Gruppendonator konnte die Hemmung des Sauerstoffverbrauchs und die Kationenkonzentrationsänderung in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß bei den einzelnen Substanzen verhindert werden. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf den Wirkungsmechanismus der Diuretika diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary O2-consumption and K+ reaccumulation of previously K+ depleted rabbit kidney slices were studied with several diuretic compounds (Mersalyl, Hydrochlorothiazide, Furosemide, Ethacrynic acid), PMB and NEM added to the bathing medium. With increasing dosages of all the compounds used—ranging from 10−4 to 16· 10−4 molar —, a decrease in O2-consumption, decrease in K+ reaccumulation and increase in tissue Na+-concentrations were observed as compared to the control experiments. No close correlation between the rate of depression of respiration and the decrease in K+-uptake could be observed except for Hydrochlorothiazide. With Furosemide and Ethacrynic acid the decrease in O2-consumption was proportionately higher than the decrease in K+-reaccumulation, whereas with Mersalyl the inhibition of K+-uptake paralleled the inhibition of respiration. Furthermore no close relationship between the changes in tissue K+-concentrations and reciprocal Na+-concentrations could be observed; specially with Ethacrynic acid the increase in tissue Na+-concentrations was relatively higher than the decrease in K+-reaccumulation as compared to the control values, suggesting an additional effect on a K+ and O2 insensitive Na+-pump. Cystein chloride added in twice the molar concentration could reverse the effect of NEM on tissue respiration and Na+- and K+-concentrations but had only minor effects on PMB, Hydrochlorothiazide and Mersalyl, and almost none on Furosemide induced changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 1188-1188 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 69 (1997), S. 1250-1250 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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