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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resolution of allergic airways inflammation but persistence of airway smooth muscle proliferation after repeated allergen exposures (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Chronic inflammation in asthmatic airways can lead to characteristic airway smooth muscle (ASM) thickening and pathological changes within the airway wall.Objective We investigated the long-term effects of repeated allergen exposure.Methods Brown-Norway (BN) rats sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) were exposed to OVA or saline aerosol every third day on six occasions and studied 24 h, 7 days and 35 days after the final exposure. We measured airway inflammation, ASM cell proliferation (by incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine; BrdU) and bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine.Results At 24 h, in OVA-exposed rats, we detected elevated OVA-specific serum IgE, increased numbers of macrophages, eosinophils, lymphocytes and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and increased numbers of MBP+ (major basic protein) eosinophils and CD2+ T cells within the bronchial submucosa. This coincided with increased numbers of ASM cells expressing BrdU and with bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR). At 7 days, BHR was detected in OVA-exposed rats, coincident with increased numbers of macrophages and lymphocytes in BAL fluid together with increased numbers of CD2+ T cells within the bronchial submucosa. This coincided with increased numbers of ASM cells expressing BrdU. By day 35, the number of ASM cells expressing BrdU remained elevated in the absence of cellular infiltration and BHR.Conclusion Repeated OVA-challenge results in persistent ASM cell proliferation in the absence of bronchial inflammation and BHR, which lasts for at least 1 week following cessation of exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01870.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    13C-urea breath test without a test meal is highly accurate for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conventional 13C-urea breath testing (13C-UBT) includes a test meal to delay gastric emptying, which, theoretically, improves the accuracy of the test. Citric acid has been proposed as the best test meal. However, recent studies have suggested that a test meal may not be necessary.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate a new 13C-UBT protocol without a test meal in a Chinese population.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. 13C-UBT was performed on two separate days with or without a test meal (2.4 Gm citric acid) and compared with the ‘gold standard’ (CLO test and histology).〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Two hundred and two patients were tested. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, the optimal delta-value and optimal measurement interval for UBT were 5% and 30 min, respectively, both with or without a test meal. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 13C-UBT with citric acid (96.5%, 97.7%, 98.2%, 95.6%, 97.0%) were similar to 13C-UBT without a test meal (94.7%, 97.7%, 98.2%, 93.5%, 96.0%).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:This simplified 13C-UBT protocol without a test meal produced highly accurate and reliable results in the Chinese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00843.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Hong Kong with high prevalence of metronidazole resistance (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To compare 1-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based (RBC) triple therapy vs. omeprazole-based (O) triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in Hong Kong with high prevalence of metronidazole resistance.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and H. pylori infection were randomized to receive either: (i) RBCCM: ranitidine bismuth citrate (pylorid) 400 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg and metronidazole 400 mg; or (ii) OCM: omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg and metronidazole 400 mg, each given twice daily for 1 week. Endoscopy (CLO test, histology and culture) and 13C-urea breath test were performed before randomization and 6 weeks after drug treatment.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:A total of 180 patients were randomized. H. pylori eradication rates (intention-to-treat, n=180/per protocol, n=166) were 83%/92% for RBCCM and 66%/70% for OCM (P=0.01, intention-to-treat and P=0.001, per protocol, respectively). RBCCM treatment was unaffected by metronidazole susceptibility and achieved a significantly higher eradication rate in metronidazole-resistant cases (89%) than the OCM group (45%, P=0.0064).〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy is significantly better than omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection, especially in metronidazole-resistant cases. It is an effective regimen for the eradication of H. pylori infection in regions with a high prevalence of metronidazole resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00932.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of invasive and non-invasive tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Different tests are available for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To compare the most commonly used tests either alone or in combination in Chinese patients with respect to routine clinical use or research purpose.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:A total of 294 consecutive dyspeptic patients without previous H. pylori treatment were recruited. During upper endoscopy, biopsies were taken from the antrum and corpus, for a commercially available CLO-test, an in-house rapid urease test, culture, polymerase chain reaction and histological examination. Patients then received a 13C-urea breath test. The H. pylori status of each patient was determined by a concordance of test results.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:For routine clinical use, histology (antral plus corpus biopsies) had an accuracy of 100%, whilst the rapid urease test had an accuracy of 99.7%. The 13C-urea breath test was equally reliable, with an accuracy of 94.5%. Combinations of two tests did not confer additional advantage over the most accurate single test. For research purposes, the accuracy of using the criteria of two positives out of three diagnostic tests was 100% and equivocal results were not found.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:Histology with or without a rapid urease test was highly accurate for routine clinical use. Alternatively, the 13C-urea breath test was an equally reliable non-invasive test. The two positives out of three tests approach was highly reliable in predicting H. pylori status of untreated Chinese patients in a research setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00947.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression and macrophage infiltration in gliomas (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 93 (1997), S. 518-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ; Glioma ; Macrophage ; Microglia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While the number of reports on macrophage infiltration of gliomas is increasing, the extent and mechanisms of macrophage recruitment remain unclear. To investigate whether monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays a role in this process, in situ hybridisation (ISH) was performed for 22 glioblastomas (GBM), 1 anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and 4 grade II fibrillary astrocytomas (AII) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed in 13 GBM, 1 AA and 3 AII. High levels of MCP-1 mRNA were detectable in most GBM, while a lower level was detected in AII. Many tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) could be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in most GBM, while the AII contained a lower number of TAM. The positive correlation between the MCP-1 level and abundance of TAM suggested that MCP-1 has a role in TAM recruitment. By combining ISH and IHC, high levels of MCP-1 mRNA were shown both in tumour cells and TAM. Along tumour borders, reactive astrocytes and microglia also expressed MCP-1. In areas with T lymphocyte infiltration, larger numbers of MCP-1-positive cells with an enhanced level of expression could be identified. We propose that the mechanism of macrophage recruitment is, at least partly, effected by constitutive expression and T cell-mediated up-regulation of MCP-1 in tumour cells and TAM. The production of MCP-1 by TAM establishes a positive amplification circuit for macrophage recruitment in gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050647
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconstruction of two-dimensional patterns from Fourier descriptors (1989)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 2 (1989), S. 123-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Fourier descriptors ; curve reconstruction ; shape representation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Two kinds of Fourier shape descriptors (FDs) are considered in this article: ZR (defined by Zahn and Roskies) and G (defined by Granlund). The first section of this article studies ZR descriptors. Four modifications of ZR descriptors are proposed. These new descriptors are based on the step signature, smoothed signature, linearized smoothed signature, and the curvature function, respectively. The amplitudes of FDs are shown to be invariant under rotations, translations, changes in size, mirror reflections, and shifts in the starting point. In all cases the reconstruction accuracy in terms of the number of FDs is studied, resulting in approximation error bounds. An efficient reconstruction formula based on the composite rectangle integration method is proposed. This method also provides polygonal approximation for arbitrary contours. In the second section of this article, the theoretical results are illustrated with examples and verified in numerical experiments involving digitized patterns. In the same experiments the performances of ZR and G descriptors are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01212454
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of iminodiacetate cellulosic sorbent and its application in metal ion extraction (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 921-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Iminodiacetate cellulosic chelating sorbent, derived from cotton fabric, was synthesized in a two-step reaction sequence. The pH dependence of the metal ion extraction for Cd (II), Co(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Ni(II) was studied. Under optimum conditions, the average sorptive capacity of the sorbent was found to be 0.38 mmol metal ion/sorbent. The viability of using this sorbent for recycling, preconcentration of metal ion, and selective metal ion extraction was demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070460519
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